Latitude and Longitude PDF

# Chapter 3: Latitude and Longitude ## Q1. Answer the following questions. **i. What are the lines of latitude and lines of longitude?** The lines of latitude are a set of lines with equal space in between running north and south of the equator and parallel to it. These are called *parallels of l...

# Chapter 3: Latitude and Longitude ## Q1. Answer the following questions. **i. What are the lines of latitude and lines of longitude?** The lines of latitude are a set of lines with equal space in between running north and south of the equator and parallel to it. These are called *parallels of latitude*. **Equator** The equator, which is at zero degrees latitude, divides the globe into two halves, and is called the equator. **Lines of Longitude** The lines of longitude are the other set of lines that join the North Pole and the South Pole. Each line of longitude cuts the equator at a right angle. These lines are called the *meridians*. ## Q2. How can we know the climate of a place with the help of its latitude? Latitude and climate are closely related because the temperature gradually falls as we move away from the equator. This means that any place situated at 30 degrees North will be cooler than a place situated at 15 degrees North. Countries situated on the equator and around it are hotter than those that are further away from the equator. ## Q3. What is the estimation of distance between two places? The lines of latitude help us to find the distance between two places. For example, if location A is situated at 20 degrees South latitude and location B is at 60 degrees South latitude, the difference between their latitudes is 60 - 20 = 40 degrees. The distance between two lines of latitude is 110 km. Therefore, the distance between A and B is 40 x 110 km = 4400 km. ## Image Description The image shows a diagram that illustrates the lines of latitude and longitude, along with important geographical features such as the equator, the tropic of cancer, the tropic of Capricorn, the arctic circle and the antarctic circle. The diagram also shows the North Pole and the South Pole. The image is of paper with a scanned texture. The image may be from a school textbook.