Beyond the Skies & Computer Legends PDF

## Beyond the Skies 1. The **Parker Solar Probe** was the first spacecraft that was sent to observe the outer corona of the Sun. 2. **Apollo 11** was the first spaceflight to land humans on the moon. 3. **Chandrayaan** was the first lunar probe to be sent by India. 4. India's first Mars Orbiter Mis...

## Beyond the Skies 1. The **Parker Solar Probe** was the first spacecraft that was sent to observe the outer corona of the Sun. 2. **Apollo 11** was the first spaceflight to land humans on the moon. 3. **Chandrayaan** was the first lunar probe to be sent by India. 4. India's first Mars Orbiter Mission Space Probe was also called **Mangalyaan**. 5. Bill Shepherd (USA), Yuri Gidzenko (Russia) and Sergei Krikalev (Russia) were the first residents of the **ISS**. 6. The first country to send man to the moon was **USA**. 7. The first human spaceflight program launched by NASA was called **Project Mercury**. 8. The first satellite sent to space by ISRO was named **Aryabhata.** 9. The first person who walked in space was **Alexei Leonov**. 10. The name of the first artificial satellite launched in 1957 by the Soviet Union was **Sputnik**. *** ## Did you know? The image of the Aryabhata satellite appeared on the reverse of the Indian Two Rupee currency notes between 1976 and 1997. *** ## Computer Legends 1. **Larry Page and Sergey Brin** founded Google in 1998. They created the parent company Alphabet, and handed over the controls of Google to Sundar Pichai. 2. **Tim Berners-Lee** is a British computer scientist and is generally credited as the inventor of the World Wide Web (WWW). He wrote the software for the first Web server and the first Web client, while working at CERN in Geneva. 3. **Bill Gates** is an American computer programmer and entrepreneur, who co-founded Microsoft Corporation. Around 70% of the computers in the world run on the Windows Operating System, created by Microsoft. 4. **John McCarthy** is a Canadian computer scientist, best known as the founder and lead designer behind Java. Java is one of the most popular programming languages today. He developed Java while working with Sun Microsystems. 5. **James Gosling** is an American computer scientist. He was a pioneer in the evolving discipline of Artificial Intelligence (AI). 6. **Mark Zuckerberg** is the founder, chairman, and CEO of Meta, which was originally founded as Facebook. Facebook is the largest social network in the world, with over 3 billion people using it monthly. His company also acquired WhatsApp and Instagram. *** ## Did You Know? The initial version of the Google search engine was called 'Backrub.' *** ## Our Doctors 1. A **neurologist** treats diseases and disorders of the nervous system. 2. A person suffering from skin diseases must visit a **dermatologist**. 3. Maya decided to visit an **ophthalmologist** for an eye and vision care check-up. 4. It is better to regularly visit a **dentist** to ensure good teeth and oral health. 5. A cancer specialist is called an **oncologist**. 6. As her child was not keeping well, Maya was advised to take her child to a **paediatrician.** 7. A doctor who treats a person suffering from mental and emotional disorders is a **psychiatrist.** 8. A person suffering from any heart disease and heart abnormality must visit a **cardiologist.** ## Did You Know? In India, July 1 is observed as National Doctor's Day in honour of Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy. *** ## Cyber Quiz 1. **HTML** 2. **URL** 3. **Blind carbon copy** 4. **Alphabet Inc**. 5. **abc.xyz** 6. **Electronic magazine** 7. **UPS** 8. **Silicon** 9. **Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne** 10. **Meta** *** ## International Awards 1. **Golden Globe Award** 2. **The People's Choice Award** 3. **Saturn Awards** (The British Academy of Film and Television Arts) 4. **BAFTA Awards** 5. **The Grammy Awards** 6. **The Academy Awards** (Oscars) ### Did You Know? In 1972, Charlie Chaplin received an Honorary Oscar for "the incalculable effect he has had in making motion pictures the art form of this century". *** ## The Movie World 1. **Shershaah** (2021) 2. **Chak De India** (2007) 3. **Paa** (2009) 4. **The Lion King** (2019) 5. **Mr. India** (1987) 6. **Avengers: Endgame** (2019) *** ## Art and the Artist 1. **Pablo Picasso** 2. **Leonardo da Vinci** 3. **M.F. Husain** 4. **Amrita Sher-Gil** 5. **Vincent van Gogh** 6. **Edvard Munch** *** ## Did You Know? M.F. Husain had directed three movies - Through the Eyes of a Painter, Gaja Gamini and Meenaxi: Tale of 3 Cities. *** ## Farming **(xiv)** Carbon Dioxide **(xv)** Water **(xvi)** Soil **(xvii)** Macronutrients **(xviii)** Micronutrients **(a)** Organic Farming **(b)** Mixed Cropping **(c)** Intercropping **(d)** Crop Rotation **(e)** Weeds **(f)** Pathogen **(i)** Prepare the soil. **(ii)** Sow seeds. **(iii)** Allow the plants to grow. **(iv)** Harvest the plants. **(i)** Vermicompost: It is a kind of compost that is prepared by the action of earthworms on organic waste. **(ii)** Green manure: It is the organic matter obtained by adding green crops to the soil, which decompose and enhance soil fertility. **(iii)** Bio fertilizer: They are a mixture of living organisms such as bacteria, fungi and algae. **(i)** Plot B: Increase in yield due to the addition of chemical fertilizers but its excessive use makes the soil acidic, resulting in loss of soil fertility. **(ii)** Plot A: The effect of manure is slow in comparison to chemical fertilizers. **(i)** It is a genetically modified organism. Examples of GM crops are Bt cotton, Bt Brinjal, etc. **(ii)** It is a method of plant breeding in which two different varieties of the same species of crops are cross-bred. **(iii)** It is the response of plants to the relative lengths of day and night. **(i)** Mixed cropping: Growing of two or more crops simultaneously on the same land. **(ii)** Intercropping: Growing two or more crops in alternate rows.