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What does “TEYL” stand for? Teaching English to Young Learners Teaching Early Years Learners Teaching English Youth Language Teaching Early Young Learners Teaching English Young Learners What does “cognitive development” mean? The development of a person's mental abilities - including thinking, rea...

What does “TEYL” stand for? Teaching English to Young Learners Teaching Early Years Learners Teaching English Youth Language Teaching Early Young Learners Teaching English Young Learners What does “cognitive development” mean? The development of a person's mental abilities - including thinking, reasoning, and remembering The ability for students to speak more than one language The ability to read words and say them out loud The development of a person's physical abilities The ability for students to speak one language How many stages of development does Piaget offer? 4 5 3 7 6 What is the name of Piaget’s theory? theory of cognitive and moral development theory of cognitive and conscious development theory of mental abilities theory of morality theory of cognition Piaget was… Swiss psychologist French psychologist German teacher English writer American methodologist What are Piaget’s sequential stages of learning? Concrete Operational Stage Nonformal Operational Stage Post Operational Stage Sensori Stage Motor Stage What is an age range of Sensory-motor stage? Birth to 18–24 months old 2 to 7 years old 3 to 5 years old 5 to 8 years old 8-10 years old The main concept of Sensory motor stage is - “object permanence“ “advanced” “balanced development” “direct experience” no correct answer What is an age range of Pre Operational Stage? 2 to 7 5 to 7 1 to 3 3 to 5 7 to 10 What is an age range of Concrete operational stage? 7 to 10 3 to 5 5 to 7 1 to 3 no correct answer What is an age range of Pre operational stage? 2 to 7 2 to 5 3 to 5 1 to 2 5 to 8 What is an age range of concrete operational stage? 7 to 10 2 to 5 5 to 7 3 to 5 3 to 7 How is called the ability to observe something and then deduce a likely situation based on this observation? Inductive reasoning Cognitive operation Operational cognition Reasoning Logical reasoning According to Vygotsky the cognitive development comes from … community and cultural contexts political situation in the country economical development educational context ethnical belonging Piaget and Vygotsky both had different approaches towards cognitive development, their ideas shared some similarities, and both helped to form an overall category known as ___________ constructivism instructivism active learning idealism scaffolding According to Piaget and Vygotskyknowledge is constructed through: Reflective abstraction Passive and participative learning Noncollaborative learning Teacher-centered learning Direct methods of teaching What are two approaches in education? Instructivism Socialism Abstractivism Realism Acmeology The main concept of instructivism is… to pass on knowledge down to students the learner’s cognitive structures and processing the teacher is to provide appropriate scaffolding to develop more advanced problem-solving skills learner-centered learning What is not appropriate for the older, traditional instructivist classroom? The teacher’s roles are to be a collaborator and learner The teacher controlled everything and often acted as a lecturer. The teacher’s roles were to be a fact-teller and expert. The instruction was based on facts and memorization. Drill and practice were the norms. What is appropriate for the older, traditional instructivist classroom? Success was demonstrated by quantity. The quality of understanding demonstrates success. The learner’s role were to participate actively Learner-centered and interactive activities. The concept of knowledge is the transformation of facts. For the modern constructivist classroom the following statements are not appropriate: The teacher’s roles were to be a fact-teller and expert. Learner-centered and interactive activities. The concept of knowledge is the transformation of facts. The quality of understanding demonstrates success. The teacher’s roles are to be a collaborator and learner. For the modern constructivist classroom the following statements are not appropriate: The instruction was based on facts and memorization. The instruction is based on relationships, inquiry, and invention. The learner’s roles are to be a collaborator and sometimes expert. Learner-centered and interactive activities. The quality of understanding demonstrates success. What is an “L1” language? The student’s native language. The first language that a person learns. The language that students will learn in ESL lessons. The first language that students will learn after their native language. The student’s second language. What are affective factors in L2 learning? A learner’s attitude to English, to the teacher, and other learners in the group Parents support Language situation in family Political situation Type of school What term is used to describe the second language that a person might learn? L2 language. Native language. Alternative language. Mother language L1 language At roughly what age range would you expect a child to know approximately 200 words in their native language? 2-3 5-7 1-2 3-5 8-10 Which of these sentences best describes the concept of “immersion”? Surrounding students in an environment full of the English language Teaching English by using both English and your students' native language Teaching English by using students' native language Translating method is used in teaching English. Reading is the best way of teaching What are possible causes of fossilization? Using some learning strategies to too great an extent Rich learning environment Strong desire to study Using “only English” strategy Constructivist approach What is meant by the term “affective factors”? Emotional and psychological aspects that impact on learning an L2. The number of languages that a student has already learned. The way the teacher conducts a lesson. Emotional condition of the teacher. Language the teacher uses on the lesson. Which of these techniques can help when dealing with crying students? Temporarily ignoring the crying and helping their peers to have fun Banging on your desk Get the students to stand up and shake out their arms and legs Never use games to catch their interest. Write a letter telling their parents What are features of Younger young learners? No fear or embarrassment when making mistakes Developing an interest in analysing form in language Beginning to display an interest in real-life issues Developed reading and writing skills Developing life experiences What are different practical techniques for increasing younger young learners’ grammar? Classroom routines Drills Crosswords Puzzles Films What is meant by the term “fossilization”? When a student reaches a plateau and struggles to develop further. When students have difficulties with syntactic aspect of learning. When students are able to successfully store vocabulary to their long- term memory. When students have difficulties with morphological aspect of learning. When students have difficulties with semantic aspect of learning. How can you help students to overcome fossilization? Correcting repeated errors the learners make Ignoring mistakes Limiting the given knowledge Writing diary Using L1 on the lesson Which of these traits are commonly found in younger young learners? all answers are correct Respond best to abstract learning activities. Limited knowledge of the world. Respond best to concrete learning experiences Fidgety and unable to keep still for long periods Which approach would be recommended for dealing with sleepy kids in your class? Use games like Simon Says to catch their interest. Write a letter telling their parents to use an earlier bed time. Banging on your desk. Temporarily ignoring Instructing the student to leave the class until they're ready to return. What is the key principle of explicit grammar instruction? Learners learn through lots of drilling and grammar exercises To understand the overall grammar rules that would need to be taught A belief that learners can acquire language without overt grammar instruction A belief that conscious use of language forms and structures may result in an affective filter Implicit grammar instruction focuses on language use, not language usage. What is a “noticing activity”? An activity where you present a dialogue or some other context which allows students to notice certain language patterns in use An activity that allows you to notice which students do/do not understand a particular grammar point Directly repeating set phrases “Fill the gap” activities with worksheets that can feature sentences with words omitted. Discussions that will help to reinforce grammar patterns From what age would it generally be appropriate to start introducing metalanguage? 8 years and over 15 years and over 5 years and over 4 years and over 10 years and over What is a “Cloze activity”? fill-the-gap activity containing sentences with missing words, to be filled in by the student. An activity where students will write their own short sentences, using certain grammar patterns Singing (or rapping) simple songs that introduce repeated grammar patterns Directly repeating set phrases An activity where you present a dialogue or some other context which allows students to notice certain language patterns in use What do we mean by “recycling” in terms of language learning? Encountering the same lexical items in different scenarios Teaching students about the environment using English Teaching words that students can use in their daily lives Introduce lexis in meaningful situations and contexts Learning and developing lexis by introducing images Which of these activities could help students to remember lexical items? Creating groupings of words. Playing active games Playing TPR games Fill in gaps exercises Writing essay What makes storytelling a good activity for older young learners? By omitting props and a book, students will need to concentrate more to keep up with the story You can simply make up stories mid-lesson without any preparation. Funny and interesting way to make students speaking all answers are correct no correct answer At around what age range can you expect to see a significant improvement with listening skills? 8-10 4-5 6-8 7-9 3-5 Which of these is potential benefit from using drilling: Repetition may aid memory Drilling can become mindless repetition if not carried out competently While repetition can help, there’s still no guarantee that new language items are stored in long-term memory It lets you give speaking practice to all students in a large class. Drilling has limitations when used in the later stages of a lesson. Drills should be used in context at the appropriate time. What are “information gap activities”? Activities where a pair of learners have different sets of incomplete information, and must discuss with each other to exchange information and solve a task Activities where students will use the dictionary to find new words and write down their definitions. no correct answer Activities where students fill in the gaps in the texts in written form Activities were pair os students read and retell different texts What is “print awareness”? An understanding of how a language's letters and words are formed A magazine-style activity that can be held with younger young learners A way to raise awareness of different learner needs An understanding of how the words are formed A way the word combination is formed Which language skill does ‘skimming’ relate to? Reading Writing Speaking Listening all above What is “phonological awareness”? An overall understanding of the different sounds that make a language, and how they can be used together An approach which uses telephone conversations to build writing skills. Drama activities – learning short lines for their role and acting it out Language structures for asking for and giving clarification, and checking meaning More activities to enable them to negotiate meaning, i.e., making sure they understand each other in interactive tasks and games. What is meant by “linking” in terms of language pronunciation? The way in which the end of one word and beginning of another may blend together during natural speech The way words connect in a sentence or word combination The way that certain letters can blend together and form a single sound, such as the "ph" sound in the word "phone". The way in which one part of the compound word connected to another No correct answer What makes “reading texts” potentially more useful for younger students? They can be much more simple - introducing some interesting events without having to form a complete story They can be created on the spot while waiting for your students to arrive - this allows you to come to work without needing to prepare beforehand. Chickenpox Surgery Typhoid How many intelligences were defined by Howard Gardener ? 8 4 5 6 7 How many major reasons for an early start in English? 2 3 5 4 6 What are the " Circles of the English Language" by Kachru? The Inner Circle, the Outer Circle, and the Expanding Circle. The Outer Circle, and the Expanding Circle. The Inner Circle, the Big Circle, and the Expanding Circle. The lowering Circle, the Big Circle, and the Expanding Circle. The Inner Circle, the Outer Circle, Shrinking circle What is the critical period? The period before puberty, in which children could acquire their mother tongue as foreign language proficiency. The period when certain experiences are especially important because they have a significant impact on subsequent development. The period before puberty, during which children begin to learn a foreign language. A period in childhood when a child can very easily acquire certain activities.  A period in childhood when a child can focus on certain things What program introduce children to different languages and cultures FLEX FLES Billingual programs Immersion programs Dual-language programs What type of program can help children transition from their first languages into the language of schooling, usually after 3 years of bilingual instruction Transitional and maintenance bilingual programs FLES programs FLEX programs Two way immersion programs Dual-lingual programs What promotes a healthy process of learning about cultural differences through reflection on one is own culture(According Kramsch and Sullivan) A sphere of intercultury A sphere of realization Culturally materials A sphere of multicultury International sphere Who identify some " common pitfalls " of early foreign language programs that need to be considered in developing effective EYL programs Curtain and Persola (2000) Gilzow (2002) Nikolov and Curtain(1999) Kramsch and Sullivan(2003) Dahlberg(2001) According to Cameron, who will have to "manage" the task of maintaining or regaining motivation during long periods of language learning? Secondary school language teachers High school language teachers Parents Adults Scientists What program can begin at any age, even as late as secondary school  Immersion programs FRET programs Dual-lingual programs Billingual programs Cultural programs What is the goal of Dual-lingual programs Additive bilingualism, in which children become bilingual, bicultural, and bilingual and retain their native or inherited language while they learn another. Bilingualism where children learn a foreign language at school Receive instruction in core subjects in both languages over time, helping to establish core concepts in the first language Develop deep literacy and academic learning in the first language Increase the volume of instruction in the second so that children can switch to a second language by secondary school. What is TPR? Total Physical Response Theme Prepared Results Total Picture Response Telling Picture Response Theme Physical Response What is not a type of TPR? all answers are correct TPR with objects TPR with pictures (visuals) TPR with storytelling TPR with body How is called the ability to observe something and then deduce a likely situation based on this observation? Inductive reasoning Cognitive operation Operational cognition Reasoning Logical reasoning “The assistance provided by more competent peers or adults” is called? scaffolding developing socializing constructivism instructivism What is not an area of children development? accuracy emotions intelligence sociability language What is not a motivating tip for young learners? never share your plans with children don’t expect silent lesson balance individual pair and group activities plan your activities balance head-up activities and head-down activities How many intelligences were defined by Howard Gardener ? 8 4 3 5 6 What is metalanguage? The terms and wider vocabulary used to talk about the English language The first few words that an English learner will begin to study The thematic vocabulary Singing (or rapping) simple songs that introduce repeated grammar patterns Directly repeating set phrases What is a non-verbal response? A response where the student simply needs to perform an action - nodding, waving, giving thumbs-up, raising their hand, miming etc When students write about their feelings An oral response in monologue or dialogue forms A written warning that can be given for bad behavior no correct answer Which of these is potential benefit from using drilling: Repetition may aid memory While repetition can help, there’s still no guarantee that new language items are stored in long-term memory. Drilling can become mindless repetition if not carried out competently It lets you give speaking practice to all students in a large class. Drilling has limitations when used in the later stages of a lesson. Drills should be used in context at the appropriate time. What does “cognitive development” mean? The development of a person's mental abilities - including thinking, reasoning, and remembering. The ability for students to speak more than one language The ability to read words and say them out loud The development of a person's physical abilities The ability for students to speak one language What’s the difference between a TESOL/TEFL course and a TEYL course? TEYL courses focus specifically on skills for teaching children TEYL courses show how to teach English, science, and music TESOL/TEFL courses focus specifically on skills for teaching children TESOL/TEFL courses show how to teach English, science, and music TEYL courses focus specifically on skills for teaching teenagers who points out “instructions for beginning language learners, in practical, should take into account their need for context-rich , meaningful environments ” Genesee Piage Dahberg Terrell Krashen what does an effective contextualized EYL class involve? building on the knowledge and skills learned through the first language creating opportunities to use English with a different purpose Focusing children`s attention on the writing, listening and reading rather than game, song, story organizing the classroom to facilitate communication among the adults liking the EYL class with home, culture, business Krashen refers to as comprehensible input – because of the context, the organization around themes, and the various supports that link language with pictures, role games, finger plays…. action, gesture action, reading  picture, action gesture, writing action, song what are some ways in which a classroom can contextualize instruction? bright and lively posters or pictures related to the theme of the lesson a story retelling corner where children can sit on the floor close displays of children’s writing grammatical tasks objects that do not related to the theme displays of children’s listening tasks what are the most important support for an effective and successful lesson? to have carefully planned and organized instruction, with clear direction and classroom management strategies lesson plan have to conclude with interesting games and appropriate to the students age have to conclude all types of language skills having a clear purpose of the lesson careful organization of the methods used in the lesson a theme is a… “big idea” that connects language with content and culture a set of words that conveying a statement, question etc. a book or other written or printed work a short of piece of writing a teacher`s plan for teaching an individual lesson how many major ways of selecting themes two major ways three major ways four major ways only one way five major ways who points pout “A teacher`s tool is the lesson plan” AwenaA.Muhsin Andres Guadalue Munoz Del Rio Piage Hunry Caterpillar  who points out “I believe a high percentage of success in the classroom is undoubtedly the teachers attitude..” Andres Guadalue AwenaA.Muhsin Munoz Del Rio Piage Hunry Caterpillar name one of the six steps toward thematic units identify content objectives explore the students psychology engage learners in critical thinking identifying learning process identifying students interests Why are objectives the most important part of the lesson plan? They state the purpose for the lesson and what students are expected to learn from the lesson. They help to increase students’ attention at the lesson They present relevant vocabulary and language structures in a meaningful context. They give students opportunities to practice using the topic and the new language. Practice activities They can be used in the game activities, the integrated lessons. What does teachers do in the presentation stage? Teacher presents the relevant vocabulary and language structures in a meaningful context. Teacher uses the vocabulary and pattern students have presented. Teacher gives students themes for essay writing. Teacher gives students opportunities to practice using the topic and the new language. Teacher lets students act more independently, using new language they have learned. What does the presentation activities include? Talking about a picture, teaching vocabulary with pictures or objects, teaching language structure. Matching, circling something, sorting pictures or names of foods by category. Talking with a partner about favourite foods, playing game. Acting out a story(role play of the stages of a caterpillar’s life) Completing sentences(from the story)  What does the practice activities comprise? Matching, circling something, sorting pictures or names of foods by category. Talking about a picture, teaching vocabulary with pictures or objects. Teaching the language structure to understand and talk about the story. “Reading”(or telling) the story to the children. Create interest and excitement about the unit or lesson. Warm-up activities help to: Activate background knowledge about both the content and the language. Present relevant vocabulary and language structures in a meaningful context. State the purpose for the lesson and what students are expected to learn from the lesson. Teach the language structure to understand and talk about the story. Act more independently, using new language they have learned. What students do in the application stage of the lesson? Theys are acting more independently, using new language they have learned. Students do activities of post-listening or post-reading. Students present and use the vocabulary and pattern from the textbooks. They activate background knowledge about both the content and the language. They review known vocabulary. What thematic unit is described in EYL textbooks during the first year? My family My friend My day off School My birthday What thematic unit is described in EYL textbooks during the second year? Clothes My dream Seasons I like animals Food  How should teacher teach grammar young children? It shouldn’t involve the direct teaching of grammar rules. It should contain direct teaching grammar rules. It shouldn’t involve repetition in a number of activities. Teacher let children to do complex grammar tasks. It involves different activities with verb tenses. What about assessment? It should be integrated into the lesson. Teacher doesn’t put marks. It can’t be integrated into the lesson. Teacher doesn’t need assessment. Assessment is unnecessary for the lesson What is the foundation of an effective approach for teaching listening and speaking in the EYL classroom? the use of meaningful text types and a focus on building oral communication skills it is important to remember that the process of listening is active is an interpretive skill, like reading every listening activity should give YLs for listening it is important to check what kinds of listening and speaking skills are expected at different ages Every listening activity should give YLs a purpose for listening and, better yet, a task to complete. What is this principle for Teaching Listening to YLs? Keep listening active-always give learners a listening task Prepare teacher talk carefully Use listening activities that reflect real-life listening Check comprehension using a variety of response Equip your students with intelligent quesswork strategies Who describes listening as “a multilevel, interactive process of meaning creation”? Peterson Anderson Bingham Dalton Gerzon Activities before Listening. What was it called? Warm-Up Stage  Presentation Stage Practice and Application Stages After-listening activities Speaking activities Listen for main idea: We listen for main idea of a listening text to help gain comprehension Using a variety of strategies in combination, YLs can guess the meaning of unknown words In real-life listening, we can pick up out key words that we understand which can help us comprehend the message In most contexts, it is possible to predict what someone will say next Student’s own background knowledge of the context can help them make sense of the story This is a mechanical exercise in which the teacher says, “Repeat after me!” Listen and repeat Listen and write Listen and label Listen and write true or false Listen and translate information How many principles are there for Teaching Speaking to YLs? 7 6 5 4 3 Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. She sells seashells on the seashore… Use tongue twisters Use language games Use riddles Use jokes Sing a fun song T: Repeat after me. Where is the school? Ss: Where is the school? T: It’s on Main Street. Ss: It’s on Main Street. Repetition  Question and answer Paraphrasing Giving examples Personalizing Listener is active in face-to-face conversations Conversing Answering Modeling Doing Choosing Primary school teacher from Taiwan showed how to use which method in class? TPR TL YlE EUR ALE “I use a textbook which is composed of 16 units and each unit has a short role-play as a speaking activity using the key expressions”Who said? A teacher from Korea A teacher from Taiwan Primary English teacher of Uruguay SyedahFawzia Nadeem of India Primary English teacher of Philippines Primary English Teacher of Uruguay incorporated a movie into her thematic unit, but had an interesting way to create interest in the lesson and encourage prediction with a creative game. What did she say about it? ”One successful listening activity I did with my fourth grade students was using movies” “I use a textbook which is composed of 16 units and each unit has a short role-play as a speaking activity using the key expressions” ”I was once one of those teachers who was embarrassed when I had to model singing or chanting in the classroom.” ”I have an interesting listening exercise to share.” ”Using puppets in presenting and practicing vocabulary.” Part of a lesson plan- that serves to engage students in conversation, about their interest, and smoothly lead to the topic of the lesson. Warm-up Conclusion Review Independent activity Practice ”This is the perfect time to play a little, summarize the lesson, give homework, and answer the final questions students have left.” What part of the lesson plan? conclusion warm-up application assessment follow-up At what stage are performed oral exercises, work with grammar, work with textbooks, grammar work? during lessons activities warm-up application assessment conclusion How many minutes does beginning of the lesson? 5min 30min 15min 1min 40min Why do you need a lesson plan? The lesson plan is needed to prepare for the lesson, since working on it helps to systematize the educational material, build a logical sequence of its presentation, clarify the wording and concepts, and determine the ratio of the lesson links. Just to pass the time Lesson can be done without a plan quickly get rid of teacher overwork make it difficult for students to explain Which part of the lesson plan is more important to increase student interest in learning? main part warm-up conclusion assessment statement ”The activity practices the use and meaning ofeveryday objects and prepositions”Who said? Anna Kocur, primary English teacher, Poland A teacher from Taiwan Primary English teacher of Uruguay SyedahFawzia Nadeem of India Primary English teacher of Philippines What is writting activities usually referred ? controlled, guided, or free predicting, monitoring questioning, skinning scanned, distinguishing visualized, confirmed The goal is guided writing? to help learners experience success while they also learn the relationship between their ideas, words, and writing inform about something, to replenish information for moral influence discuss controlled and guided activities to have students practice writing the language with careful control What does the word “cinq” mean from French? five three four eight two How many stages of a Writing Workshop? 7 5 9 8 4 How did McKenzie explain about the shared writing? "Children begin to get in on the craft of writing" "Children begin to understand the letter" "Children begin to get in on the structure of writing" "Children are starting to read well" "Children begin to talk well and understand" Who is found that through process writing dialog journals, young learners develop a better sense of audience, voice, and the power of language? Urzua McKenzie McCarrier Peyton Pinnel What is phonics for? is needed to help children understand the relationship between letters and sounds and also to sound out unfamiliar words in the future is a branch of linguistics that studies how humans produce and perceive sounds, or in the case of sign languages, the equivalent aspects of sign is the study of how words and morphemes combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences is the study of words, how they are formed, and their relationship to other words in the same language is a word, morpheme, or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word, morpheme, or phrase in a given language Writing is - an interactive process, involving the writer, the text, and the reader an interactive process involving the reader, the text, and the writer active and complementary activity a series of activities that help children to become authors, beginning with free writing as producing something for others to read listening and reading are similar… They are both receptive skills but in some ways can be thought we bring all we know Which language reads and writes from right to left? Arabic English Kazakh Germany all languages How much represent the sounds in English? 44 21 23 55 49 What is the most challenge facing all children English speaking children is to learn the different ways in which? English represent sounds English EYL classes English skills English spelled English poem Why it is difficult to manage reading in classes? in large classes English EYL classes English classes English spelled in small classes What is reading ? process of relating written symbols to oral decode English vocabulary knowledge of the language have whole set experiences Which of these are specific text types? poems, fairytale, essay, report process of relating written symbols to oral English vocabulary knowledge of the language have whole set experiences To be able to read, a child has to… All variant is correct understand the alphabet decode engage in extensive reading develop sight vocabulary When we read we activate two types of knowledge: we know making meaning and about language understand decode known as schema develop sight vocabulary What is the phonics? smallest unit of text draw grammatical information morphemes by sight known as schema develop sight vocabulary What interesting and exciting way is there to engage students? Sharing stories Sharing thoughts Sharing knowledge Giving a task Giving a text What form of communication the storytelling is? Authentic Legendary Old Cultural New What is the first step of successful storytelling? Choosing the right story Getting introduced with the classmates Doing exercises Knowing the language fully Knowing the culture of the country How can teachers introduce children to other cultures? With the help of stories With the help of videos  With the help of training With the help of YouTube With the help of Instagram How we can describe the resource which we have? Valuable Old Ancient New Difficult Choosing the right story is the first step to which storytelling? Successful Unsuccessful Difficult Cheerful Old What is the name of a famous Hawaiian storyteller? Alton Chung Alton Brewster Mr Robert Girard Ellies How many elements do you need to prepare for making a narrative fascinating? 4 5 1 3 6 Which skill can be developed in TEYL? Storytelling The ability to learn correctly Modern Valuable Traditional How do teachers can develop critical thinking of learners? By asking the questions By setting the homework  By showing the various videos By setting the exercise By using the text tasks what is the first step in successful storytelling? Choosing the right story Choosing the title Choosing the plan choosing the story prepare to tell What is exciting way to present English in a meaningful context? reading -Storytelling writing listening dialog What is the first stage of the lesson plan? project work storytelling Warm-up listening checking homework For which types of work teacher can invite the family of the student? checking homework lesson -project work warm - up essay Which one can be used as a drawing activity after storytelling? storyboarding body movement retelling games check prediction How can teacher design effective storytelling activities? with the help of plan with the help of reading  with the help of body movement with the help of storyboarding with the help of checking homework Which Dr. Seuss book is still favourite among children? The cat in the hat Where the Wild Things Are Goodnight Moon The Story of Ferdinand The Secret Garden Who is a famous Hawaiian storyteller of Korean and Japanese Maurice Sendak J. K. Rowling Alton Chung Lewis Carroll Margaret Wise Brown storytelling is … art or a skill that can be developed marketing technique way of storytelling way of reading art What stories do kids like to hear? with different character voices monotonous dialog monologue horror stories The kind of informal assessment test listening activity writing tasks spelling sounds learn by heart What is a assessment? part of the learning process students progress task phonetica listening aids Who noted that EYL assessment is also a relatively new field? McKay Hasselgren Still Nikolov Moon How many concepts has understanding the broad topic of assessment? 5 30 15 11 3 Testing is a type of … assessment lactivity task sounds learning Find the brief comments Good job Good luck Welcome I love reading learn by heart This type of assessment is occurs during teaching and learning formative active passive summative comperative The summative assessment helps to… evaluate the effectiveness of a program correctly listen activity  understand writing tasks spelling sounds learn by heart in a short time What is a today’s focus? formal and summative assessment develop the listening activity develop all four types of activity help to spell words summative assesment We have such terms as a Reliability, validity, practicality, authenticity and washback. What is it? Basic Assesment Guidelines Basic information basic principles purpose of language types of method Who should teachers be in order to create a positive and productive atmosphere for learning in the classroom? a good manager successful teacher, good teachers, well-read teachers, understanding teacher Decipher the abbreviation SWBAT students will be able to students want to be a teacher students want be able to students will be a smart study will be a tough what is classroom climate control? this is the emotional coloring of the psychological ties of the members of the team, arising on the basis of their closeness, sympathy, coincidence of characters, interests, inclinations. This is a stable state of the class as a group, a relatively stable and typical emotional mood for it, which reflects the real situation of intra-group interaction and interpersonal relations. a problematic situation with a clearly defined goal to be achieved; in a narrower sense, the task itself is also called this goal itself, given in the framework of the problem situation, that is, what needs to be done.  it is an environment where the teacher teach children to speak English correctly and use the vocabulary correctly. this is an environment where students and the teacher watch and listen to different audio and films, thereby relaxing in the classroom. primary school students learn english. What advice do Evertson and Emmer give teachers? While teachers need to work at building positive relationships with students, they need to be conscious of the tendency to favor those students who are most engaged. At the same time, it is impossible to talk about the true competitiveness of a nation without fluency in English, since English is currently the language of successful integration with the world stage. The problems of teachers and students are poor knowledge of the English language. Students face problems related to lack of motivation in learning English There is a limit to human life, but there is no limit to knowledge the main task of the teacher is communication, opening the way for interaction between students, giving them creative freedom how many aspects of class controls? 5 3 7 4 10 who coined the term «social ritual»? Winn-Smith Evertson Emmer Ellis Brewster how many parts is the class structure plan divided into? 10 8 5 7 2 At what point can a teacher use the students' native language?  firstly to explain a very complex expression, and secondly to explain the instructions for the activity. to talk to students about the importance of learning English so that children feel comfortable listening to their native language to communicate with students students demand that the teacher speak only their native language What is the most important thing in managing the pace of a lesson? Time tasks their level of knowledge knowledge of English place « Young children gradually become familiar with established routines that help them feel confident. Anxious or immature learners will tend to react negatively to changes in the normal classroom pattern, so it is a good idea to develop familiar patterns with young learners in their first year of schooling.» Brewster, Ellis and Girard Winn-Smith, Evertson and Emmer Brewster, Evertson and Emmer Brewster, Ellis and Evertson Girard, , Ellis and Evertson How can we describe or name 21st century? Knowledge Age Modern Age Industrial Age Creative Age Agricultural Age How many groups of skills are there in 21st century Skills? 3 4 10 5 2 How should teacher integrate Twenty-First-Century Skills into TEYL? By associating with their use of English By demonstrating in every lesson By introducing in correct way  By repeating each lesson By role model in lessons How did English language become the world’s main language for communication? By globalization According to the world’s requirement By citizens’ support Because there many beautiful words Because it is easy language for children What is the best way for equping students with intercultural communication skills? Teaching them to express their own culture in English Giving them instruction for developing communication skills By creating area where they feel freedom By organizing meeting each Sunday By being the best role model How can teacher improve children’s information and digital literacy? By using Internet search and other social media networks By choosing traditional teaching method By introducing environment By working in teams or pairs By communication What kind of task will be interesting for children age of 7-8 to improve information and digital literacy? to do Internet research on another country competition among the class logical tasks reading task listening task Why do teachers use technology and media? to expand possible sources of content to make the lessons difficult to help students for doing homework make the lesson uninteresting according to school requirement How can teacher develop children’s critical thinking? By using all levels of questioning  By organizing competition By creating many types of games for them By visiting theatres with them By using computers on lessons What percentage of sites are in English? 55.1% 40 % 70% 65% 75% … - is one in which less experienced teachers learn from those with more experience and then apply that to their own teaching. Coaching or mentoring approach Theory-to-practice approach Reflection-on-action Reflective approach Self observation approach How many types of reflective practice? 3 4 2 5 6 List of aspects of teaching and learning to consider, such as: All answers are correct Planning the lesson Beginning the lesson Giving directions Providing feedback Effective professional development - … provides teachers with opportunities to share their knowledge and experiences getting feedback or new ideas from students carrying out projects and interacting with administrators creating a positive and meaningful learning environment serving on committees, volunteering during conferences Engaging in reflective teaching and practice includes:  including keeping a teaching journal including team teaching including collaborative action research including participating in workshops including collaborative peer observation What is action research focused on the most? focuses on understanding the causes of a problem or asking a question to answer focuses on the results of your self-observations or your reflections focuses on networking through social media and blogs focuses on writing for publication focuses on developing instructional materials and curricula Teaching portfolio is often used for what? forevaluation for achievements for professional growth for lesson plans for presentations Being an effective EYL teacher requires: all answers are correct knowledge skills sensitivities of a teacher of children ability to balance in teaching What year was it created TEYL facebook group 2005 2008 2010 2009 2006 How many types of approaches to professional development? three two five six four What is the primary goal of teaching listening to young learners? To develop their ability to understand spoken language.  To improve their pronunciation skills. To enhance their writing abilities. To focus only on grammar rules. To prepare them for speaking tasks immediately. Which of the following activities best supports listening comprehension for young learners? Listening to a story and answering comprehension questions. Copying vocabulary words from the board. Completing grammar drills. Practicing spelling. Writing sentences in a journal. Why is it important to use visuals and gestures when teaching listening to young learners? To provide additional context for understanding. To distract them from difficult tasks. To avoid using too much audio material. To test their ability to guess. To focus entirely on reading skills. What is an effective way to introduce a listening activity to young learners? Activating prior knowledge and discussing the topic. Asking them to listen without preparation. Giving them the transcript beforehand. Asking them to write an essay after listening. Conducting a spelling test related to the audio. What is a characteristic of effective listening materials for young learners? The materials include engaging and age-appropriate content. The materials focus on abstract concepts. The materials are long and complex. The materials require advanced grammar knowledge. The materials avoid repetition. Which of the following is a pre-listening activity? Discussing key vocabulary related to the audio. Answering comprehension questions. Completing a fill-in-the-blank worksheet during the audio. Summarizing the main points of the audio. Drawing a picture based on the listening text.  How can teachers help young learners improve their active listening skills? By encouraging them to respond physically, like clapping or pointing. By giving them a detailed grammar explanation. By asking them to memorize the transcript. By avoiding the use of songs or stories. By limiting listening practice to once a week. Why are songs and rhymes effective tools for teaching listening to young learners? They are repetitive and help in language retention. They teach complex grammatical structures. They are only used to entertain children. They do not require any follow-up activities. They focus solely on vocabulary building. What is the role of scaffolding in listening activities for young learners? To provide support through visuals, instructions, or examples. To test the learners without any preparation. To ensure they focus only on the main idea. To eliminate the need for repetition. To challenge them with difficult content. Which of the following post-listening activities helps consolidate comprehension? Acting out a scene from the listening material. Preparing for the next listening exercise immediately. Writing down all unfamiliar vocabulary from the audio. Reviewing unrelated grammar topics. Doing silent reading instead. What is the primary goal of teaching speaking to young learners? To develop their ability to communicate effectively in spoken language. To focus only on grammar accuracy. To improve their listening skills. To enhance their ability to write essays. To prepare them for reading comprehension tasks. Which of the following is an effective speaking activity for young learners? Role-playing everyday situations.  Copying sentences from the board. Listening to a lecture on language rules. Completing a multiple-choice test. Translating sentences from their native language. Why is it important to create a supportive environment for young learners during speaking activities? To reduce anxiety and build confidence. To avoid correcting their grammar mistakes. To focus solely on vocabulary acquisition. To limit their use of gestures. To ensure they memorize dialogues perfectly. Which of the following best describes a communicative activity for teaching speaking? A pair discussion where learners share their weekend plans. Writing a story and reading it silently. Listening to a story without follow-up questions. Filling in the blanks in a grammar worksheet. Memorizing a list of words. What is the role of scaffolding in teaching speaking to young learners? To provide structured support like sentence starters or visual aids. To let learners struggle and learn independently. To focus entirely on error correction. To avoid using prompts or aids. To make activities challenging with no assistance. Which speaking activity is ideal for practicing pronunciation with young learners? Singing songs or reciting rhymes. Copying words into a notebook. Reading a story silently. Answering comprehension questions in writing. Listening to long speeches. Why are games effective in teaching speaking to young learners? They motivate learners by making speaking fun and interactive. They focus solely on grammar correction. They encourage competition over collaboration. They minimize student interaction. They require extensive preparation from learners.  What should a teacher focus on during speaking practice for young learners? Fluency and confidence in communication. Perfect grammar and vocabulary usage. Immediate correction of every mistake. Completing written tasks quickly. Silent observation without feedback. How can a teacher encourage reluctant young learners to speak? By using engaging prompts like puppets or pictures. By insisting they participate without support. By assigning them to write instead of speak. By giving long grammar explanations. By asking them to listen instead of speak. Which of the following is a post-speaking activity that reinforces learning? Reflecting on the conversation and discussing improvements. Assigning a new unrelated topic. Giving a grammar worksheet to complete. Asking learners to rewrite their dialogue. Moving directly to another unrelated skill. What is the primary goal of teaching reading to young learners? To help them understand and interpret written texts. To focus only on pronunciation accuracy. To memorize as many new words as possible. To ensure they can recite text from memory. To prioritize speed over comprehension. Which method is most effective for teaching letter recognition to young learners? Using alphabet games and flashcards. Asking them to copy letters repeatedly in a notebook. Giving them long reading passages. Asking them to memorize letter sounds from a chart. Teaching them only uppercase letters first. Why is it important to include pre-reading activities when teaching reading? To activate prior knowledge and set a purpose for reading. To focus on spelling rules before starting. To teach grammar structures related to the text.  To correct all pronunciation mistakes beforehand. To introduce unrelated vocabulary. Which of the following activities helps young learners develop decoding skills? Phonics-based activities that link sounds to letters. Asking them to summarize a text. Discussing the main theme of a story. Encouraging them to guess meanings from pictures. Focusing on the story’s moral first. How can teachers support comprehension while reading? By asking questions about the story during and after reading. By focusing only on vocabulary definitions. By correcting their grammar as they read aloud. By reading the entire text for them. By ignoring illustrations and context clues. Which reading activity is ideal for building fluency in young learners? Repeated reading of familiar stories or passages. Writing sentences about the story. Listening to the teacher explain grammar rules. Drawing pictures of the main characters. Memorizing lists of unrelated vocabulary. Why are picture books effective tools for teaching reading to young learners? They support comprehension through visual context. They eliminate the need for decoding text. They focus entirely on phonics rules. They avoid the use of complex sentences. They allow learners to guess instead of read. What is the role of sight words in early reading instruction? To help learners quickly recognize common words without decoding. To ensure they always spell words correctly. To teach only words with similar phonics patterns. To focus on unfamiliar and complex vocabulary. To prioritize sentence structure over individual words. How can shared reading benefit young learners? It models fluent reading and builds confidence. It minimizes interaction with peers.  It focuses solely on silent reading skills. It eliminates the need for comprehension activities. It prioritizes writing over reading. Which post-reading activity is most effective for reinforcing understanding of a story? Discussing the main idea and key details of the text. Giving a spelling test on unfamiliar words. Asking learners to rewrite the story in their own words. Focusing on grammar structures found in the text. Asking learners to create unrelated sentences. What is the main goal of teaching writing to young learners? To develop their ability to express ideas clearly in written form. To ensure they memorize grammar rules perfectly. To focus solely on spelling accuracy. To prioritize handwriting neatness over content. To have them write as much as possible without guidance. Which of the following is a pre-writing activity suitable for young learners? Brainstorming ideas through drawing or discussion. Asking learners to write a full paragraph immediately. Focusing only on punctuation before writing. Providing a list of unrelated vocabulary. Giving them a grammar worksheet before writing. Why is guided writing important when teaching young learners? It helps them build confidence with structured support. It ensures they always write independently. It focuses entirely on grammar correction. It eliminates the need for creative thinking. It prioritizes quantity over quality of writing. Which activity helps young learners improve fine motor skills needed for writing? Tracing letters and shapes on worksheets. Memorizing vocabulary definitions. Listening to stories without engaging in writing. Practicing oral storytelling only. Completing digital games unrelated to writing.  What is a common challenge young learners face in writing? Forming letters and organizing ideas simultaneously. Memorizing unrelated vocabulary lists. Using complex sentence structures. Writing essays on abstract topics. Analyzing literary texts. How can teachers encourage creativity in young learners' writing? By using story prompts or visual aids to inspire ideas. By focusing solely on grammar and punctuation. By asking them to rewrite textbook passages. By limiting the length of their writing to one sentence. By discouraging imaginative or fictional writing. Why is peer feedback beneficial in teaching writing to young learners? It helps them understand different perspectives and improve collaboratively. It reduces the need for teacher correction. It ensures all grammar mistakes are corrected by peers. It focuses entirely on spelling improvement. It eliminates the need for self-assessment. What type of writing activity is most engaging for young learners? Writing simple stories or letters based on their interests. Copying long texts from the board. Writing detailed essays on academic topics. Completing repetitive grammar exercises. Writing only dictated sentences. How can teachers scaffold writing for young learners? By providing sentence starters and clear examples. By giving them only open-ended tasks. By focusing only on independent writing activities. By asking them to write without any preparation. By correcting all errors without discussion. Which post-writing activity helps young learners improve? Reviewing their work with teacher feedback and making corrections. Starting a new writing task without reflection. Ignoring errors to avoid discouraging them. Focusing solely on handwriting improvement. Asking them to memorize their written text.  In the early years, teaching will center mostly on... meaning grammar sound accuracy games What is a “noticing activity”? An activity where you present a dialogue or some other context which allows students to notice certain language patterns in use An activity that allows you to notice which students do/do not understand a particular grammar point Directly repeating set phrases “Fill the gap” activities with worksheets that can feature sentences with words omitted. Discussions that will help to reinforce grammar patterns What is the difference between “vocabulary” and “lexis”? Vocabulary refers to words and lexis refers to the overall rules of English grammar. They're interchangeable terms with the same meaning. Vocabulary generally refers to single words, while lexis refers to words, groupings of words, phrases, and other chunks of language. Vocabulary refers to grammar and lexis refers to word combinations. Lexis refers to groupings of words and vocabulary deals with grammar. What is the primary purpose of storytelling in teaching English to young learners? To improve language skills and stimulate imagination. To test learners’ memory through repetitive drills. To focus on grammar rules only. To evaluate reading comprehension solely. To replace traditional classroom activities entirely. Why are visual aids like pictures and props important in storytelling? They help learners understand the story and stay engaged. They ensure learners memorize every word. They eliminate the need for teacher explanation. They make the story easier for the teacher to tell. They replace the need for listening activities. What type of stories works best for teaching young learners? Simple, relatable, and age-appropriate stories.  Long, complex tales with advanced vocabulary. Stories that focus entirely on moral lessons. Historical accounts with little interaction. Abstract stories with no clear plot. How does storytelling contribute to young learners’ listening skills? By exposing them to natural language use in an engaging context. By requiring them to memorize scripts. By focusing only on phonetic sounds. By prioritizing silent reading over oral storytelling. By ensuring they only listen passively without interaction. What is the role of repetition in storytelling for young learners? To reinforce vocabulary and structures in a natural way. To make the story longer and more challenging. To discourage learners from focusing on details. To emphasize advanced grammar rules. To make the story monotonous for memorization. Why is involving learners in storytelling important? It makes them active participants and enhances engagement. It ensures they focus only on listening without distractions. It simplifies the teacher’s workload. It limits their opportunity to think creatively. It avoids mistakes in language usage. How can teachers adapt stories for language learners? By simplifying vocabulary and adding visuals. By translating the entire story into their native language. By using unmodified texts from advanced books. By focusing only on grammar analysis. By skipping key elements of the story. What type of follow-up activity is effective after storytelling? Asking learners to act out the story. Assigning grammar exercises unrelated to the story. Having learners rewrite the story independently. Focusing only on silent reading tasks. Discussing the story in their native language. Which skill can storytelling improve aside from language skills? Social and emotional development through moral lessons. Mathematical problem-solving skills.  Handwriting skills exclusively. Physical coordination skills. Time management skills only. How can storytelling foster creativity in young learners? By encouraging them to create their own endings or versions of the story. By asking them to copy the story word for word. By ensuring they focus on listening only. By restricting them to predefined answers. By focusing solely on factual storytelling. What is an important characteristic of a teacher’s storytelling voice? It should be expressive and varied to capture attention. It should remain monotone to avoid distractions. It should mimic the voices of native speakers exactly. It should be loud and fast to ensure learners hear everything. It should only focus on pronunciation accuracy. Which storytelling technique is most effective for young learners? Using gestures and facial expressions to enhance meaning. Reading the story directly without interaction. Focusing solely on text-based materials. Limiting the story to one sentence at a time. Avoiding questions during storytelling. What role do cultural stories play in teaching English? They introduce learners to new traditions and values while learning language. They distract learners from language objectives. They are only suitable for advanced learners. They should be avoided to focus on universal themes. They require extensive vocabulary preparation. Why is sequencing important in storytelling? It helps learners understand the structure and flow of the story. It focuses on memorizing specific sentences. It emphasizes vocabulary memorization only. It prioritizes individual characters over the plot. It eliminates the need for critical thinking. How can storytelling be integrated with writing activities? By asking learners to retell the story in their own words. By requiring them to write unrelated sentences.  By focusing only on copying the text. By emphasizing grammar exercises unrelated to the story. By avoiding writing activities altogether. What is the role of moral lessons in storytelling? To teach values while practicing language skills. To replace language learning objectives entirely. To focus only on academic vocabulary. To make the story strictly informative. To ensure learners memorize specific phrases. How can teachers assess comprehension during storytelling? By asking open-ended questions about the story. By testing spelling unrelated to the story. By assigning unrelated multiple-choice quizzes. By focusing only on silent observation. By avoiding questions to maintain flow. Which of the following is an example of interactive storytelling? Asking learners to predict what happens next in the story. Reading the story silently without questions. Limiting learners to passive listening. Avoiding visuals or gestures while telling the story. Focusing on translating the story verbatim. What is the teacher’s role in scaffolding during storytelling? To provide support and gradually encourage independence. To let learners struggle through the story alone. To focus solely on grammar rules throughout. To provide word-for-word translations of the story. To avoid offering hints or guidance during the story. How can storytelling support vocabulary development in young learners? By introducing new words in meaningful contexts. By focusing solely on isolated word lists. By requiring learners to memorize definitions. By avoiding repetition in the story. By prioritizing grammar over vocabulary. What is the primary purpose of assessment in teaching young learners? To evaluate learning progress and guide future instruction. To rank students based on performance only.  To identify the weakest students for additional testing. To replace teaching with testing. To ensure all students complete the same tasks. What type of assessment is conducted during the learning process to monitor progress? Formative assessment. Summative assessment. Diagnostic assessment. Standardized assessment. Norm-referenced assessment. Which assessment tool is most suitable for evaluating young learners’ speaking skills? Oral storytelling activities. Multiple-choice quizzes. Written grammar tests. Matching vocabulary worksheets. Silent reading exercises. What is a key characteristic of effective assessment for young learners? It should be age-appropriate and engaging. It should involve high-pressure testing environments. It should focus only on written tasks. It should prioritize competition among learners. It should discourage creativity. Which of the following is an example of informal assessment? Observing students during group work. Administering standardized tests. Giving end-of-term exams. Conducting parent-teacher meetings. Issuing detailed report cards. What does peer assessment encourage in young learners? Collaboration and self-reflection. Competition and rivalry. Memorization of answers. Standardized scoring methods. Teacher-centered learning. Why is self-assessment valuable for young learners? It promotes self-awareness and responsibility for learning.  It replaces teacher evaluation completely. It focuses solely on academic achievement. It discourages peer collaboration. It reduces the role of feedback. What is the purpose of diagnostic assessment? To identify learners’ strengths and weaknesses before instruction. To evaluate learners at the end of a term. To monitor learners’ behavior during class. To determine grades for report cards. To assess classroom environment effectiveness. Which type of assessment focuses on evaluating the learning outcomes at the end of a unit or term? Summative assessment. Formative assessment. Diagnostic assessment. Peer assessment. Self-assessment. How can portfolios be used as an assessment tool for young learners? By showcasing a collection of their work over time. By replacing traditional exams entirely. By focusing only on standardized worksheets. By emphasizing grammar exercises exclusively. By discouraging creativity and variety in tasks. What role does observation play in assessing young learners? It provides insights into learners’ behavior and participation. It replaces all other assessment tools. It focuses only on academic tasks. It eliminates the need for feedback. It prioritizes competition over collaboration. What is an example of performance-based assessment? Asking students to act out a story. Administering multiple-choice tests. Evaluating a fill-in-the-blank worksheet. Giving timed vocabulary quizzes. Checking silent reading comprehension. Which type of feedback is most effective for young learners? Positive, constructive, and specific feedback.  Critical feedback focusing on errors only. General feedback without examples. Negative feedback to enforce improvement. Feedback that compares them to peers. What does validity in assessment mean? The assessment measures what it is supposed to measure. The assessment is fun and engaging for students. The assessment is the same for all students. The assessment uses standardized scoring. The assessment emphasizes creativity over accuracy. How can rubrics benefit the assessment process? By providing clear criteria for evaluating performance. By making assessments more subjective. By focusing only on final outcomes. By replacing the need for teacher observation. By discouraging student self-reflection.. Which of the following is an example of formative assessment? Providing feedback during a class activity. Administering a final exam. Grading end-of-term projects. Conducting diagnostic testing at the beginning of a course. Observing behavior without documentation. Why should assessments for young learners be interactive? To maintain engagement and reduce anxiety. To test their ability to work under pressure. To minimize teacher involvement. To ensure identical results for all learners. To discourage creativity in responses. What is a key advantage of using games for assessment? They create a fun and low-stress environment for evaluation. They replace formal testing entirely. They focus only on competition. They prioritize speed over understanding. They discourage collaborative learning. How can storytelling be used as an assessment tool? By evaluating comprehension through questions and discussions. By focusing only on pronunciation accuracy.  By replacing all other assessment methods. By avoiding creative responses from learners. By limiting learners to passive listening. What is the primary purpose of formative feedback? To guide learners toward improvement during the learning process. To evaluate final learning outcomes. To focus on grading and ranking students. To replace peer and self-assessment entirely. To reduce the need for teacher involvement in learning. What is the primary goal of classroom management in teaching young learners? To create a positive learning environment. To focus solely on academic outcomes. To minimize teacher involvement. To enforce strict discipline at all times. To encourage competition among students. Which of the following is the most effective way to establish classroom rules? Discussing and creating them collaboratively with students. Posting pre-written rules without explanation. Enforcing rules without flexibility. Changing rules frequently to keep students attentive. Avoiding rules altogether to maintain creativity. Why is consistency important in classroom management? It helps students understand expectations clearly. It allows teachers to change rules frequently. It focuses on academic results only. It encourages a competitive environment. It reduces the need for lesson planning. Which seating arrangement is most suitable for group activities in a young learners' classroom? Clusters or small groups of desks. Rows of desks facing the teacher. Random scattered seating. Individual desks spaced far apart. A circle with no clear structure.  What is an effective strategy for transitioning between activities in a young learners’ classroom? Using a clear signal like a song or a clapping pattern. Starting the next activity without warning. Letting students transition at their own pace. Using loud verbal commands. Ignoring students who are not ready to transition. How can teachers maintain attention during a lesson? By using engaging and interactive activities. By relying on lecturing for long periods. By minimizing student participation. By avoiding breaks during the lesson. By using complicated instructions. What is the purpose of using visual aids in classroom management? To support instructions and maintain focus. To replace verbal instructions entirely. To act as decorative elements only. To test students’ artistic skills. To make the classroom environment stricter. How should a teacher respond to disruptive behavior in the classroom? Address the behavior calmly and privately. Ignore the behavior completely. Use punishment as the first option. Criticize the student publicly. Allow other students to handle the situation. Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement in classroom management? Praising students for completing tasks on time. Scolding students for not following instructions. Assigning extra homework as a reward. Ignoring good behavior to focus on discipline. Comparing students' performance. Why is establishing routines important for young learners? It creates a sense of security and predictability. It eliminates the need for classroom rules. It allows students to work entirely independently. It encourages spontaneous behavior. It reduces the importance of lesson planning.  What is the primary purpose of using a reward system in classroom management? To motivate students to follow rules and stay engaged. To create competition among learners. To replace feedback from the teacher. To focus solely on academic outcomes. To enforce strict discipline. How can teachers effectively manage a mixed-ability classroom? By differentiating tasks to suit individual needs. By assigning the same task to all students. By focusing only on advanced learners. By avoiding group activities. By discouraging collaboration. What role does a seating chart play in classroom management? It helps create an organized and balanced learning environment. It eliminates the need for teacher intervention. It prioritizes teacher control over collaboration. It limits students' movement completely. It discourages participation. Why is active listening important for classroom management? It helps the teacher understand students’ needs and concerns. It allows the teacher to focus only on delivering content. It ensures students follow instructions without question. It prioritizes teacher-centered approaches. It discourages open communication. What is the teacher's role in creating a positive classroom atmosphere? To foster respect, inclusivity, and engagement. To focus strictly on academic tasks. To enforce rules without flexibility. To avoid personal interactions with students. To focus only on individual achievements.. Which of the following helps reduce anxiety in young learners? Using encouraging and supportive language. Assigning difficult tasks without explanation. Emphasizing mistakes over achievements. Avoiding feedback during activities. Using high-pressure testing methods.  How can teachers build rapport with young learners? By showing genuine interest in their ideas and experiences. By maintaining a strict and distant demeanor. By focusing solely on classroom rules. By avoiding personal conversations. By limiting opportunities for interaction. Which of the following is an example of non-verbal classroom management? Using hand signals to indicate quiet time. Giving verbal instructions repeatedly. Writing detailed rules on the board. Assigning tasks without explanation. Ignoring off-task behavior. Why should transitions between activities be well-planned? To minimize disruptions and maintain focus. To allow students to move at their own pace. To reduce the need for structured activities. To create an unpredictable classroom environment. To prioritize academic tasks over organization. What is the primary benefit of involving students in classroom management? It fosters responsibility and a sense of ownership. It reduces the teacher's authority in the classroom. It eliminates the need for classroom rules. It focuses solely on academic performance. It discourages collaboration among students.