Integrated Chinese Level 1 Part 1 Textbook PDF

68 Integrated Chinese Level 1 Part 1 Textbook VOCABULARY 1. 九月 jiǔyuè n September 2. 月 yuè n month 3. 十二...

68 Integrated Chinese Level 1 Part 1 Textbook VOCABULARY 1. 九月 jiǔyuè n September 2. 月 yuè n month 3. 十二 shí’èr nu twelve 4. 号 hào m (measure word for number in a series; day of the month) 5. 星期 xīngqī n week 6. 星期四 xīngqīsì n Thursday 7. 天 tiān n day 8. 生日 shēngrì n birthday 生 shēng v to give birth to; to be born 日 rì n day; sun 9. 今年 jīnnián t this year 年 nián n year 10. 多 duō adv how many/much; to what extent; many 11. 大 dà adj big; old 12. 十八 shíbā nu eighteen 13. 岁 suì n year (of age) 14. 吃 chī v to eat 15. 饭 fàn n meal; (cooked) rice 16. 怎么样 zěnmeyàng qpr Is it O.K.? How is that? How does that sound? 17. 太…了 tài…le too; extremely Simp-1-1-IC3-65Lesson 3.indd 68 3/29/2010 1:47:59 PM  Lesson 3 Dates and Time 69 VOCABULARY 18. 谢谢 xièxie v to thank 19. 喜欢 xǐhuan v to like 20. 菜 cài n dishes, cuisine 21. 还是 háishi conj or [See Grammar 5.] 22. 可是 kěshì conj but 23. 我们 wǒmen pr we 24. 点 diǎn m o’clock (lit. dot, point, thus “points on the clock”) 25. 半 bàn nu half; half an hour 26. 晚上 wǎnshang t/n evening; night 27. 见 jiàn v to see 28. 再见 zàijiàn v goodbye; see you again 再 zài adv again Proper Noun 29. 英国 Yīngguó Britain; England Simp-1-1-IC3-65Lesson 3.indd 69 3/29/2010 1:48:02 PM  70 Integrated Chinese Level 1 Part 1 Textbook Grammar 1. Numbers (0, 1–100) 0 零/〇 líng 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 九 十 yī èr sān sì wǔ liù qī bā jiǔ shí 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 十一 十二 十三 十四 十五 十六 十七 十八 十九 二十 shíyī shí’èr shísān shísì shíwǔ shíliù shíqī shíbā shíjiǔ èrshí 21 22 23 29 30 24 25 26 27 28 二十一 二十二 二十三 二十九 三十 … … … … … èrshíyī èrshí’èr èrshísān èrshíjiǔ sānshí … 91 92 93 99 100 94 95 96 97 98 九十一 九十二 九十三 九十九 一百 … … … … … jiǔshíyī jiǔshí’èr jiǔshísān jiǔshíjiǔ yìbǎi 200 is 二百/两百 (èrbǎi/liǎngbǎi, two hundred). What’s the emergency number in China that you can dial if your belongings are stolen? Can you say the number in Chinese? Simp-1-1-IC3-65Lesson 3.indd 70 3/29/2010 1:48:04 PM  Lesson 3 Dates and Time 71 What’s the number to the fire station if you want to report a fire? Can you say it in Chinese? 2. Dates and Time Days of the week: In China the week starts on Monday. The expression 星期几 (xīngqījǐ) is used in the question to ask the day of the week. To answer this question, simply replace the word 几 (jǐ, how many) with the number indicating the day of the week, as in 星期四 (xīngqīsì, Thursday), meaning the fourth day of the week. In spoken Chinese the expression 礼拜 (lǐbài, week) is also used. It is more colloquial than 星期 (xīngqī). Therefore, 礼拜四 (lǐbàisì) also means Thursday. Both 星期日(xīngqīrì) and 星期天 (xīngqītiān) mean Sunday. 星期日 (xīngqīrì) is used more in written Chinese whereas 星期天 (xīngqītiān) is used more in spoken Chinese. While 星期/礼拜 (xīngqī/lǐbài, week) is commonly used in spoken Chinese, 周 (zhōu, week) is usually used in written Chinese. Monday can also be called 周一 (zhōuyī), Tuesday 周二 (zhōu’èr), etc. Weekend is 周末 (zhōumò) in both spoken and written Chinese, and in written Chinese 周日(zhōurì) is sometimes used to refer to Sunday, but never *周天 (zhōutiān). Simp-1-1-IC3-65Lesson 3.indd 71 3/29/2010 1:48:11 PM  72 Integrated Chinese Level 1 Part 1 Textbook Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday 星期一 星期二 星期三 星期四 星期五 星期六 星期日 or 星期天 xīngqīyī xīngqī’èr xīngqīsān xīngqīsì xīngqīwǔ xīngqīliù xīngqīrì or xīngqītiān 礼拜一 礼拜二 礼拜三 礼拜四 礼拜五 礼拜六 礼拜日 or 礼拜天 lǐbàiyī lǐbài’èr lǐbàisān lǐbàisì lǐbàiwǔ lǐbàiliù lǐbàirì or lǐbàitiān 周一 周二 周三 周四 周五 周六 周日 zhōuyī zhōu’èr zhōusān zhōusì zhōuwǔ zhōuliù zhōurì This is a sign outside of a store. Can you figure out on which day the store is closed? Simp-1-1-IC3-65Lesson 3.indd 72 3/29/2010 1:48:13 PM  Lesson 3 Dates and Time 73 Months: January: 一月 yīyuè July: 七月 qīyuè February: 二月 èryuè August: 八月 bāyuè March: 三月 sānyuè September: 九月 jiǔyuè April: 四月 sìyuè October: 十月 shíyuè May: 五月 wǔyuè November: 十一月 shíyīyuè June: 六月 liùyuè December: 十二月 shí’èryuè Days of the month: In spoken Chinese号 (hào, number) is used to refer to the days of the month. However, in written Chinese 日(rì, day) is always used. EXAMPLES: 二月五号 èryuè wǔ hào February 5 (Spoken) 二月五日 èryuè wǔ rì February 5 (Written) Year: 年 (nián, year) always follows the numbers referring to a year. EXAMPLES: 一七八六年 yī qī bā liù nián 1786 二〇一五年 èr líng yī wǔ nián 2015 Unlike in English, where the two years given above are read “seventeen eighty-six” and “twenty-fifteen” respectively, years in Chinese are pronounced one digit at a time. Word order for dates: To give a date in Chinese, observe the following order: year month day day of the week X 年 X 月 X 号/日 星期X nián yuè hào/rì xīngqī 二〇一五年七月二十六号/日星期三 èr líng yī wǔ nián qīyuè èrshíliù hào/rì xīngqīsān (Wednesday, July 26, 2015) Simp-1-1-IC3-65Lesson 3.indd 73 3/29/2010 1:48:24 PM  74 Integrated Chinese Level 1 Part 1 Textbook A date clipped from a Chinese newspaper. Can you read it out loud in Chinese? Telling Time: These terms are used to tell time: 点/点钟 (diǎn/diǎnzhōng, o’clock), 半 (bàn, half hour), 刻 (kè, quarter hour), and 分 (fēn, minute). A. HOUR: 两点（钟） liǎng diǎn(zhōng) 十一点（钟） shíyī diǎn(zhōng) 钟 (zhōng) can be omitted from 点钟 (diǎnzhōng). *二点（钟） (èr diǎn{zhōng}) is not used. B. MINUTE: 十二点四十（分） shí’èr diǎn sìshí (fēn) 两点零五（分） liǎng diǎn líng wǔ (fēn) 五点二十（分） wǔ diǎn èrshí (fēn) 八点五十（分） bā diǎn wǔshí (fēn) The term 零/〇 (líng, zero) is usually added before a single-digit number of 分 (fēn, minute), e.g., 两点零五分 (liǎng diǎn líng wǔ fēn). 分 (fēn) can be omitted from the end of the expression if the number for the minutes appears in two syllables. Thus one can say 一点四十 (yī diǎn sìshí) and 两点零五 (liǎng diǎn líng wǔ), but not *两点五 (*liǎng diǎn wǔ) or *一点十 (*yī diǎn shí). Another way of looking at this is that the section related to 分 (fēn, minutes) has to be at least two syllables. Simp-1-1-IC3-65Lesson 3.indd 74 3/29/2010 1:48:25 PM  Lesson 3 Dates and Time 75 C. QUARTER HOUR: 两点一刻 liǎng diǎn yí kè 十一点三刻 shíyī diǎn sān kè D. HALF HOUR: 两点半 liǎng diǎn bàn 十二点半 shí’èr diǎn bàn *两刻 (liǎng kè two quarters) is not used. , 北京几点？纽约几点？ Běijīng jǐ diǎn? Niǔyuē jǐ diǎn? E. EVENING TIME: 7:00 p.m. 晚上七点(钟) wǎnshang qī diǎn (zhōng) 8:05 p.m. 晚上八点零五(分) wǎnshang bā diǎn líng wǔ (fēn) 9:15 p.m. 晚上九点一刻 wǎnshang jiǔ diǎn yí kè 10:30 p.m. 晚上十点半 wǎnshang shí diǎn bàn Observe the temporal progression from general to specific, and from largest unit to smallest unit. Simp-1-1-IC3-65Lesson 3.indd 75 3/29/2010 1:48:27 PM  76 Integrated Chinese Level 1 Part 1 Textbook 3. Pronouns as Modifiers and the Usage of the Particle 的 (de) (II) When the personal pronouns 我 (wǒ, I), 你 (nǐ, you), and 他 (tā, he) are followed by a term indicating a close personal relationship such as 妈妈 (māma, mother), 弟弟 (dìdi, younger brother), and 家 (jiā, family) the word 的 (de) can be omitted; e.g., 我妈妈 (wǒ māma, my mother), 你弟弟 (nǐ dìdi, your younger brother), 我们家 (wǒmen jiā, our family). Otherwise 的 (de) is generally required; e.g., 我的生日 (wǒ de shēngrì, my birthday), 他的医生 (tā de yīshēng, his doctor). 4. The Sentence Structure of 我请你吃饭 (Wǒ qǐng nǐ chī fàn) 我请你吃饭 (Wǒ qǐng nǐ chī fàn, I will treat you to dinner), In the sentence 你 (nǐ, you) is the object of the verb 请 (qǐng, to treat) as well as the subject of the second verb 吃 (chī, to eat). 明天李先生请你吃中国菜。 Míngtiān Lǐ xiānsheng qǐng nǐ chī Zhōngguó cài. (Mr. Li is inviting you to have Chinese food tomorrow.) 今天晚上我请你和你妹妹吃美国菜， 怎么样？ Jīntiān wǎnshang wǒ qǐng nǐ hé nǐ mèimei chī Měiguó cài, zěnmeyàng? (How about if I invite you and your younger sister to have American food tonight?) 5. Alternative Questions The structure (是)…还是… ({shì}... háishi...,...or...) is used to form an alternative question. If there is another verb used in the predicate, the first 是 (shì) often can be omitted. 你是中国人，还是美国人？ Nǐ shì Zhōngguó rén, háishi Měiguó rén? (Are you Chinese or American?) Simp-1-1-IC3-65Lesson 3.indd 76 3/29/2010 1:48:33 PM  Lesson 3 Dates and Time 77 你哥哥是老师，还是学生？ Nǐ gēge shì lǎoshī, háishi xuésheng? (Is your older brother a teacher or a student?) (是)你请我吃饭，还是他请我吃饭？ (Shì) nǐ qǐng wǒ chī fàn, háishi tā qǐng wǒ chī fàn? (Who is taking me to dinner, you or he?) A: 他(是)喜欢吃中国菜，还是喜欢吃 美国菜？ Tā (shì) xǐhuan chī Zhōngguó cài, háishi xǐhuan chī Měiguó cài? (Does he like to eat Chinese or American food?) B: 中国菜、美国菜他都喜欢。 Zhōngguó cài, Měiguó cài tā dōu xǐhuan. (He likes both Chinese food and American food.) Simp-1-1-IC3-65Lesson 3.indd 77 3/29/2010 1:48:36 PM