Human Needs PDF

# Human Needs ## Outlines: - Introduction - Definition of the needs - Definition of the basic human needs - Maslow's hierarchy of needs - The five levels of priority according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs ## Learning Objectives: - Define the needs - Identify the basic human needs - Describe...

# Human Needs ## Outlines: - Introduction - Definition of the needs - Definition of the basic human needs - Maslow's hierarchy of needs - The five levels of priority according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs ## Learning Objectives: - Define the needs - Identify the basic human needs - Describe Maslow's hierarchy of needs - List the five levels of priority according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs - Discuss each level of needs according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs ## Human Needs From the moment of birth to the moment of death, every human being has needs. Needs motivate the individual to behave or act so that these needs will be met, if at all possible. ### Definition of need - A lack of something required or desired. - Is anything that absolutely essential for one's existence. - Needs motivate us to act Basic human needs are elements that are necessary for human survival and health (e.g. food, water, safety, and love). ### Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory in psychology proposed by Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper "A Theory of Human Motivation." Maslow subsequently extended the idea to include his observations of humans' innate curiosity. A pyramid is shown with the following five levels: - **Physiological:** breathing, food, water, sex, sleep, homeostasis, excretion - **Safety:** security of body, of employment, of resources, of morality, of the family, of health, of property - **Love & Belonging:** friendship, family, sexual intimacy - **Esteem:** self esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, respect by others - **Self-Actualization:** morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts ### According to this model, certain human needs are more basic than others, that is some needs must be met before other needs (e.g. fulfilling the physiological needs before the needs of love & belonging). ### Maslow's hierarchy of needs is useful for designating priorities of care. ### Basic physiological and safety needs are usually the first priority, especially when a client is severely dependent physically. ## The hierarchy of basic human needs includes five levels of priority: - **The most basic, or first level include physiological needs, such as air, water, and food.** - **The second level includes safety and security needs which involve physical and psychological security.** - **The third level contains love and belonging needs, including friendship, social relationships and sexual love.** - **The fourth level encompasses esteem and self-esteem needs, which involve self-confidence, usefulness, achievement, and self-worth.** - **The final level is the need for self-actualization, the state of fully achieving potential and having the ability to solve problems and cope realistically with life's situations.** ## Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9DJQuWEQhFg](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9DJQuWEQhFg) ### 1) Physiological Needs Physiological needs are the physical requirements for human survival. If these requirements are not met, the human body cannot function properly and will ultimately fail. Physiological needs are thought to be the most important; they should be met first. Air, water, and food are metabolic requirements for survival in all animals, including humans. ### 2) Safety Needs With their physical needs relatively satisfied, the individual's safety needs take precedence and dominate behavior. In the absence of physical safety - due to war, natural disaster, family violence, childhood abuse, etc. - people may (re-)experience, post-traumatic stress disorder. **Safety and Security needs include:** - Personal security - Financial security - Health and well-being ### 3) Love and Belonging After physiological and safety needs are fulfilled, the third level of human needs is interpersonal and involves feelings of belongingness. This need is especially strong in childhood and can override the need for safety. - Deficiencies within this level of Maslow's hierarchy can impact the individual's ability to form and maintain emotionally significant relationships in general, such as: Friendship, Intimacy, Family. ### 4) Esteem All humans have a need to feel respected; this includes the need to have self-esteem and self-respect. Esteem presents the typical human desire to be accepted and valued by others. - People often engage in a profession or hobby to gain recognition. These activities give the person a sense of contribution or value. Low self-esteem or an inferiority complex may result from imbalances during this level in the hierarchy. ### 5) Self-Actualization Maslow describes this level as the desire to accomplish everything that one can, to become the most that one can be. Individuals may perceive or focus on this need very specifically. - For example, one individual may have the strong desire to become an ideal parent. In another, the desire may be expressed athletically. For others, it may be expressed in paintings, pictures, or inventions. As previously mentioned, Maslow believed that to understand this level of need, the person must not only achieve the previous needs, but master them. ## Why Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Matters [https://youtu.be/L0PKWTta7IU](https://youtu.be/L0PKWTta7IU)