HUM 001 Reviewer: Creative Writing PDF

HUM 001 REVIEWER: CREATIVE WRITING MODULE 1: DIFFERENTIATING CREATIVE. WRITING FROM TECHNICAL WRITING TECHNICAL WRITING- a writing discipline that focuses on clearly explaining complex concepts, processes, or procedures precisely and accurately. This type of writing often involves br...

HUM 001 REVIEWER: CREATIVE WRITING MODULE 1: DIFFERENTIATING CREATIVE. WRITING FROM TECHNICAL WRITING TECHNICAL WRITING- a writing discipline that focuses on clearly explaining complex concepts, processes, or procedures precisely and accurately. This type of writing often involves breaking down technical jargon into simpler terms to make the information accessible to broader audience. Ex: textbooks, research papers, reports, etc. CREATIVE WRITING- a writing discipline that goes beyond the bounds of professional, academic or technical forms of literature. It involves the expression of thoughts, ideas and emotions in an imaginative and artistic way. Ex: poems, short stories, novels, plays Technical Writing: Content- factual, straight-forward Audience- specific Purpose- inform, instruct, persuade Style- formal, standard, academic Tone- objective Vocabulary- specialized Structure- sequential, systematic Creative Writing: Content- imaginative, metaphorical or symbolic Audience- general Purpose- entertain, provoke, captivate Style- informal, artistic, figurative Tone- subjective Vocabulary- general, evocative Structure- arbitrary, artistic *Words to Remember: Metaphoric- expressing one thing normally symbolizing another (Creative Writing) Unconventional- usually does not follow a standard (Creative Writing) Systematic- working or done in a step-by-step manner (Technical Writing) Formal- characterized by strict or meticulous observation of forms (Technical Writing) Straightforward- honest and frank (Technical Writing) MODULE 2: DIFFERENTIATING LITERARY FORMS, LITERARY TECHNIQUES, LITERARY ELEMENTS LITERARY FORMS- refer to the different structures and styles that writers use to express their ideas, convey stories, and communicate their artistic vision. Major Literary Forms: 1.Poetry-characterized by structured use of language line breaks and stanzas with a focus on heightened expression, imagery, and rhythmic patters. 2.Prose-written in paragraphs without line breaks, and follows a natural flow of language often used for storytelling and communication of information. Two types: Fiction, Non-Fiction 3.Play(drama)-structured into acts and scenes primarily driven by dialogue and intended for performance on a stage. LITERARY DEVICES- is any specific aspect of literature or a particular work, which we can recognize, identify, interpret and/or analyze. Literary Techniques- are specific, deliberate constructions of language which an author uses to enhance the overall quality of a text. Unlike literary elements, literary techniques are not necessarily present in a literary form. May be utilized in literary forms: Figures of speech; Figures of Sounds, Imagery, Diction, Foreshadowing Literary Elements- are aspects or characteristics of a literary form. A set of literary elements make up a literary form: for example, every story has a theme; setting; conflict and is written from a particular point of view. Poetry: meter, rhyme, stanza, symbolism, tone, theme, figurative language Prose: setting, plot, character, theme, point of view, conflict Play: dialogue, act & scene structure, stage directions, character, conflict, theme MODULE 3: LITERARY DEVICES: FIGURES OF SPEECH & FIGURES OF SOUND FIGURES OF SPEECH 1.Simile- A stated comparison (usually formed with “like” or “as”) between two fundamentally dissimilar things that have certain qualities in common. Ex. Roberto was white as a sheet after he walked out of the horror movie. 2.Metaphor- An implied comparison between two dissimilar things that have something in common Ex. All the world’s a stage 3.Hyperbole- An extravagant statement; the use of exaggerated terms for the purpose of emphasis or heightened effect. Ex. I have a ton of things to do when I get home. 4.Personification- gives human qualities to something that is not human. Ex. That kitchen knife will take a bite out of your hand if you don’t handle it safely. 5.Apostrophe- a form of personification in which someone absent or dead or something nonhuman is directly spoken to as if they are alive, present and can answer back Ex. “Oh you stupid car, you never work when I need you to” Bert sighed. 6.Allusion- a reference to someone or something that is known from history, literature, religion, politics, sports, science, or some other branch of culture Ex. The rise in poverty was like a modern-day Lazarus emerging from the depths of economic despair. 7.Oxymoron- a figure of speech in which incongruous or contradictory terms appear side by side. Ex. He popped the jumbo shrimp in his mouth. 8. Metonymy- a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated Ex. “That stuffed suit with the briefcase is a poor excuse for a salesman” the manager said angrily. 9.Synecdoche- a figure of speech in which a part is used to represent the whole. Ex. Tina is learning her ABC’s in preschool. 10.Irony- the use of words to convey the opposite of their literal meaning. Ex. “Oh I love spending big bucks” said my dad, a notorious penny pincher. 11.Litotes- involves expressing an affirmative idea by negating its opposite. Ex. A million dollars is no small chunk of change. 12.Paradox- a statement that appears to contradict itself. Ex. “This is the beginning of the end”, said Eeyore, always the pessimist. FIGURES OF SOUND/ SOUND DEVICES 1.Alliteration- the repetition of an initial consonant sound. Ex. She sells seashells by the seashore. 2.Assonance- identity or similarity in sound between internal vowels in neighboring words. Ex. How now, brown cow? 3.Consonance- the repetition of consonant sounds, specifically in the middle of the end words, within close proximity in a phrase or sentence. Ex. ”Pitter patter” (repetition of “t”) 4.Onomatopoeia- the use of words that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to. Ex. The clap of thunder went bang and scared my poor dog. 5.Refrain- is the repetition of a word, line or phrase for effect Ex. The woods are lovely, dark and deep But I have promises to keep And miles to go before I sleep And miles to go before I sleep 6.Anaphora- the repetition of the same word or group of words at the beginning of a series of clauses Ex. Five years have passed; Five summers, with the length of Five long winters! And again I hear these waters 7.Rhyme- refers to the repetition of similar or identical sounds, usually at the end if words/lines (end rhyme) or within lines of verse (internal rhyme). Ex. (Internal Rhyme) Ah, distinctly I remember it was the bleak December. (External Rhyme) Twinkle twinkle little star How I wonder what you are. Up above the world so high Like a diamond in the sky. MODULE 4: LITERARY DEVICES: IMAGERY & DICTION DICTION- the careful choice and arrangement of words, is the architect of tone, mode and meaning in your writing. IMAGERY- transforms the written word into a sensory experience. TYPES OF DICTION FORMAL - the use of sophisticated language, without slang or colloquialisms. Ex. At sunrise, the sun ascended from the eastern horizon, casting a bright glow on the calm sea. INFORMAL- more conversational and often used in narrative literature. This casual vernacular is representative of how people communicate in real life, which gives an author freedom to depict more realistic characters. Ex. The sun kinda popped up over the ocean, spreading its warm light on the calm waves. PEDANTIC- when a writer is highly detailed or academic in their writing. Words are chosen specifically to convey only one meaning. It is sometimes used in literature when character speaks in a highly educated manner. Ex. The resplendent solar orb commenced its gradual ascent from the azure abyss bestowing its luminosity upon the tranquil waters. COLLOQUIAL- informal in nature and generally represents a certain region or time, adds color and realism to writing. Ex. So the sun popped out, giving the beach this amazing golden vibe. Just like a kuan- a sepia filter. SLANG- words that originated within a specific culture or subgroup but gained traction. Ex. So picture this: the sun doing this fab entrance over the sea, giving the beach this total golden glam. The waves? Oh they’re like having a chic rendezvous with those early rays. Super gorg way to kickstart the day at the bay, like beach fabulous! ABSTRACT- when a writer uses words to express something intangible, like an idea or an emotion. Ex. The dawn whispered promises of hope and renewal, painting the seascape with dreams. CONCRETE- the use of words for their literal meanings and often refer to things that appeal to the senses. Ex. The sun peeked over the ocean, turning the waves into a golden shimmer. POETIC- driven by lyrical words that relate to a specific theme reflected in a poem and create a euphonious or harmonious sound. Ex. The dawn symphony unfolded as the sun pirouetted above the ocean, bathing the waves in liquid gold. TYPES OF IMAGERY AUDITORY- describes what we hear VISUAL- describes what we see TACTILE- describes what we touch or feel OLFACTORY- describes what we smell GUSTATORY- describes what we taste MODULE 5: LITERARY FORMS:POETRY, PROSE, PLAY FORM- a classification of writing based on the organization and structure of the text Ex. Fiction prose, nonfiction prose, poetry, drama GENRE- a subcategory of form; a classification of writings with similar style, topics and characteristics Ex. Mystery, fantasy, biography, science fiction POETRY- is traditionally structured in stanzas. It uses metaphors, symbols and ambiguity. PROSE- is traditionally written in paragraph form and can be subcategorized to fiction (based from the author’s imagination) and nonfiction (based from true events) DRAMA- is traditionally written with character names before each line of dialog. It is a story intended to be acted on stage before an audience. MODULE 6: KINDS OF POEMS A.NARRATIVE- tells a story, describes events in a vivid way using short stories, plot characters and dialogue. EPIC- is a long and narrative poem that normally tells a story about a hero or an adventure. BALLAD- based on a legend or a folktale B.LYRIC- shorter poem that deals with strong emotions and the appreciation of beauty; which has the characteristics of a song SONNET- consisting of merely fourteen lines. Follows a strict pattern of rhyme and explores a single theme, idea or emotion, often expressing deep feelings, reflections or observations. ELEGY- expresses lament and mourning of the dead, feeling grief and melancholy. ODE- used to pay homage to a person, event or object reflecting a sense of reverence and awe. C.DRAMATIC- uses a dramatic technique and may unfold a story, emphasizes the character rather than story DRAMATIC MONOLOGUE- a combination of drama and poetry, presenting some lines or speech of a single character in a particular but complicated situation. SOLILOQUY- the character speaks aloud their inner thoughts, emotions, or reflections, providing insight into the characters internal conflicts, motivations or dilemmas OTHER TYPES OF POETRY ACCORDING TO STRUCTURE: HAIKU- special type of poetry which originated from Japan, consisting of three lines that generally do not rhyme. (5-7-5) TANAGA- a traditional Filipino form of poetry that originated in the Tagalog region, consists of four line with seven syllables each. (7-7-7-7) LIMERICK- a form of humorous and often nonsensical poetry consisting of five lines and often feature playful language and a light-hearted or comical tone. FREE VERSE- loosest type of poem; can consist as many lines as the writer wants and either rhyme or not and has no fixed metrical pattern. “Poem with no rules”. NAME POEM- belongs to descriptive poetry that uses an adjective to describe a person that begins with each letter of that person’s name. MODULE 8: ELEMENTS OF A POEM:STRUCTURE THE STRUCTURE OF A POEM FORM- the physical structure of the poem: the length of lines, rhythm, meter, the system of rhymes and repetition etc. Ex. Sonnet, haiku, villanelle, ballad LINE STRUCTURE- when a line of poetry stops and a new line begins. RHYME SCHEME- the pattern of rhymes at the end of each line in a poem, typically represented using letters to indicate corresponding rhyming lines. STANZA STRUCTURE- is the arrangement of lines into groups, separated by an empty line. Often named according to how many lines they contain. Ex quatrain- 4 line RHYTHM & METER- the sound pattern of a line poetry. The rhythm gives the poem its sound and differentiates it from prose, the meter is the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE- allows the poet to express his/her thoughts in a deeper, more effective manner through figures of speech and sound. STANZA STRUCTURE Stanza- a group of lines forming the basic recurring metrical unit in a poem. Types of Stanzas Couplet- 2 lines Tercet- 3 lines Quatrain- 4 lines Quintain- 5 lines Sestet- 6 lines Septet- 7 lines Octave- 8 lines Nonet- 9 lines Sonnet- 14 lines LINE STRUCTURE Line- a part of a poem or song forming one row of written or printed words. Where does the line break or pause? END-STOPPED- when there is a break at the end of a line, denoted by a comma, period, semicolon or other punctuation mark. A brief pause is created between lines. Ex. The woods are lovely, dark and deep, But I have promises to keep, And miles to go before I sleep, And miles to go before I sleep. ENJAMBMENT- is the continuation of a sentence or clause over a line break; the thought runs on from one line to the next. Ex. April is the most cruelest month, breeding Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing Memory and desire, stirring Dull roots with spring rain. CAESURA- a strong pause or stop within a line. It will usually occur in the middle of a line of poetry, but can occur towards the beginning or the end of a line. It creates a brief silence for thought of reflection, and can emphasize certain words. Ex. Good-Nature and Good-Sense must ever join; To err is Humane; to Forgive, Divine. MODULE 9: ELEMENTS OF A POEM: PERSONA, ADDRESSEE, THEME, MOOD & TONE PERSONA- or the speaker is the one who narrates the poem. The poem is told from the perspective of a first-person speaker or a third-person speaker. Poets also use the second- person point of view in order to communicate directly with readers. ADDRESSEE- silent or implied listener/reader. This refers to the specific entity, whether real or abstract, to which the speaker directs their words. It is the target or recipient of the poet’s communication within the poem. THEME- is a recurring idea or a pervading thought in a work of literature. It helps the readers to identify the core message of the poem or the poet’s purpose for writing the poem. Ex. Love, nature, beauty, death, immortality TONE- is the author’s own attitude toward his or her subject matter. It influences and leads to the stories mood and atmosphere. Ex. An author writes a horror story using a serious and sinister tone. That tone helps create a scary atmosphere and a nervous, frightened mood for the readers. A lot of Edgar Allan Poe’s poetry and stories had this type of tone and mood to it. MOOD- is the feeling or atmosphere produced by the poets poem. It is the emotion the poet wants the reader to feel. It is conveyed with words and phrases, imagery, figurative language, rhyme and rhythm.