Hospitalization Stressors for Children PDF

HOSPIALIZATION Presented by Marwa Abd Elkreem OUTLINES: Introduction. Stressors of hospitalization. Responses of children and parents. Nursing intervention.  HOSPITALIZATION can be a stressful experience for anyone. The stress easily can be compounded for children because of their lack of...

HOSPIALIZATION Presented by Marwa Abd Elkreem OUTLINES: Introduction. Stressors of hospitalization. Responses of children and parents. Nursing intervention.  HOSPITALIZATION can be a stressful experience for anyone. The stress easily can be compounded for children because of their lack of understanding of what is happening to them. Some factors affect a child’s response to hospitalization are: Child’s age. Type and amount of preparation. Length of hospitalization. Frequency of hospitalization. Reason for hospitalization. Coping ability of child and parent. Parent child relationship. Hospital environment.  some stressors in hospital : As: Separation from parents and peer. Harm and injury (pain and discomfort). Loss of control , mobility, and competence. Unknown and unfamiliar events and environment. Unclear expectation.  Separation affects children at all ages. Children’s and adolescents responses to separation vary and are influenced by their parents child relation and peer relationships, previous experiences with separation and hospitalization, and loss of control.  Manifestation of separation: Phases Protest Despair Detachment characteristics Crying, Inactive, sad, Lack of screams, depressed, interest in searches for regressive surrounding parents by behavior, area, appear eyes, reject withdrawal. happy, intact contact with with familiar strangers. caregiver.  Causes for loss of control Developmental Causes for loss of control age Infants Loss of mothering person, painful procedures, routine of care and hospital environment. Toddlers Separation from parents, hospital environment, changing of life pattern. Preschoolers Physical restriction, altered routines, hospital environment and enforced dependency. Schoolers Lack of privacy, altered family roles, physical disability, fears of death, loss of peers, and hospital environment. Adolescents Lack of predictability, loss of loved persons, Lack of privacy, altered family roles, physical disability, fears of death, loss of peers, and hospital environment.  Factors affecting parents response to child’s admission to HOSPITAL: Nature of illness. Perception of illness. Age and Life experience. Personality traits. Culture and beliefs. Economic status. Level of education.  Parent’s stressors Child’s appearance, Sounds, Procedures, Professional staff, Behaviors and emotions of children, Parental role, Social support. Economic stressors.  Parent’s responses Anxiety. Degree of depression. immobilization. Hopelessness. Helplessness. Powerlessness.  Preparation for hospitalization HOSPITAL TOURS: Group size 10-15 children. Play Activities. Hospital orientation. Coloring book. Time 20-30 min. Participation of parents. Explanation for children and parents. Active Listening.  Conclusion It is obvious that critical illnesses and hospitalization are stressful for children. Stressors are provoked by hospital environment, separation from family and significant others, bodily harm and pain, and loss of control. helping children cope with all these stressors is the primary responsibility of nurse.