HMSD 5101 Formative OSE PDF November 2024

November 2024 ============= Student Name: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ================================================================================================== Instructions ------------ This is the answer booklet for your HMSD5101...

November 2024 ============= Student Name: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ================================================================================================== Instructions ------------ This is the answer booklet for your HMSD5101 OSE. The exam consists of 8 questions, each worth 10 marks. Work your way through the exam on blackboard, recording your answers in the spaces clearly identified below. If you do not wish for something to be marked, please cross this out. Diagrams are welcome and will be required if the question asks for one. Additional Paper will be available on request. At the end of the exam, please ensure your name is on this booklet and all writing you wish to be marked is legible. Questions begin on following page Question 1: Bronchial Anatomy ----------------------------- A close-up of an x-ray Description automatically generated i. Identify the structures labelled 1-5 on the image 5marks 1 2 3 4 5 ii. Describe the anatomy of the bronchial tree 5 marks Question 2: Blood supply of the brain -------------------------------------  i. Label the vessels on the CT Circle of Willis angiogram 5 marks ii. What are the advantages and limitations of imaging the brain's blood supply with CT? 5 marks Question 3: ECG --------------- A diagram of a wave Description automatically generated 1. What is represented on the ECG by: a. P wave 1 mark b. QRS complex 1 mark c. T wave 1 mark 2. Link the ECG trace with the cardiac cycle to explain how blood moves through the heart 7 marks Question 4: Renal Anatomy -------------------------  Label the structures 1-6 on the diagram: 1. 1mark 2. 1 mark 3. 1 mark 4. 1 mark 5. 1 mark 6. 1 mark Briefly explain how this structure produces urine 4marks Question 5: Brain Pathology --------------------------- A close-up of a brain scan Description automatically generated With regards to the image: i. What pathology is evident 1 mark ii. With regards to the meninges, where is this pathology located? 1 mark iii. What symptoms might this person present with? 2 marks iv. What is the blood brain barrier and what is its role? 3 marks v. There is a common scale to determine consciousness, what is it called and what does a score of 3/15 indicate? 2 marks Question 6: Respiratory imaging -------------------------------  i. What pathology is demonstrated on the image? 1 mark ii. Discuss the application and any limitations of this imaging technique compared to CTPA 4 marks iii. Using your knowledge of respiratory and cardiovascular physiology, explain how this pathology impacts oxygen saturation 5 marks Question 7: Great Vessels ------------------------- A close-up of an x-ray Description automatically generated Label the structures A-D 4 marks A B C D What pathology is indicated by the small red arrow? 1 mark Outline the role of CT in imaging this pathology. What are the key advantages and any limitations? 5 marks Question 8: Renal Pathology ---------------------------  With regards to the unenhanced CT scan of the abdomen: i. What common pathology is demonstrated? 1 mark ii. Name another suitable modality for imaging this pathology 1 mark iii. What is GFR and what is an average value for a male? 3 marks iv. Explain how eGFR is used to ensure safe administration of IV contrast media. Be sure to use values in your answer 5 marks End of Examination