HIS-Reviewer-1-3 (1).pdf

LESSON 1 – Vision, Mission, Core Values, and Objectives of the Institution Educational Institution Value Statement It is a place where learners of different ages gain Also known as Core Values education....

LESSON 1 – Vision, Mission, Core Values, and Objectives of the Institution Educational Institution Value Statement It is a place where learners of different ages gain Also known as Core Values education. A list of fundamental doctrines that guide and direct the It carries out educational activities that engage students educational institution. with various learning environments and spaces. Sets the moral direction of the institution and its academic community that guides the decision-making and provides Types of Education a yardstick against any action. Formal Education What values are distinct to our education institution? Deals with the conventional classroom setup where What values should direct our institution? structured methods of learning are administered in educational institutions. Objectives Faculty and instructors follow the curricula set by a Also known as Goals technical committee appointed by the government. Short statements that learners should achieve within or at It starts at around age 4 from preschool up to higher the end of the course or lesson education. SMART criteria: Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, and Time bound Informal Education Anything learned independently outside the conventional classroom setup. LPU VISION It involves the student’s behavior skills through interaction and exploration on a daily basis as well as An internationally accredited university by 2030, the teachers’ traits that vary based on their expertise, dedicated to innovation and excellence in the service for God skills, and experience. and country. Non-formal Education It refers to adult basic education, adult literacy LPU MISSION education, or skill development. It can take different forms of learning, which is 1. Provide industry-based knowledge and skills. - consistently and systematically provided in order to INSTRUCTION develop a particular skill or ability in an individual. 2. Undertake multi-disciplinary research. - RESEARCH 3. Support community engagement and social responsibility. - COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT Vision vs. Mission Statements 4. Establish local and international linkages. - Vision Statement INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT Conveys the desired end of an academic institution 5. Produce sustainability advocates for global action. – One-statement, describes the distinct and motivating SUSTAINABILITY long-term desired transformation resulting from institutional programs Clear, memorable, and concise Average length of 14 words (3-26) Mission Statement One-sentence statement relating the intention of an institution’s existence Communicates “what you do?” or “who you do this for?” The Medical Technology Education aims to: Clear and must use simple language 1. Develop the knowledge, attitudes, and skills in the Average of 5 to 20 words. performance of clinical laboratory procedures needed to help the physician in the proper diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and prevention of diseases. 2. Develop skills in critical and analytical thinking to advance knowledge in Medical Technology and contribute to the challenges of the profession 3. Develop leadership skills and to promote competence and excellence 4. Uphold moral and ethical values in the service of society and in the practice of the profession LESSON 2 – Health Care System Health System 2. Risk pooling Health System is the combination of resources, Collection and management of financial resources in a organization, financing and management that culminate in way that spreads financial risks from an individual to all the delivery of health services to the population (Roemer, pool members 1991) The purpose of risk pooling is to spread financial risk All organizations, institutions, and resources that are across the members so that no individual carries the devoted to producing health actions (WHO, 2000) full burden of paying for health care. Bismarck Model - privately funded; employees and Goals of Health System employers pay premiums to insurance companies through mandatory payroll deductions. 1. Improving the health of the population Health systems should strive for equity in health Beveridge Model - healthcare is provided and funded by the government through tax payments. Main goal of the health systems Under this goal, health systems should strive for equity 3. Strategic purchasing in health, meaning, health system must minimize the Use of collected and pooled financial resources to inequitable disparities in the community. finance or buy health care services for their members 2. Improving the responsiveness of the health system Involves maximizing people’s autonomy and control, Building Blocks of WHO Health System Framework placing them at the center of the health care system 1. Service Delivery health system must also have the obligation to respond Deliver effective, safe, quality personal and non- to the expectations of the population. personal health interventions. It also includes timely delivery of quality and cost- 3. Providing fair health financing effective health services. Providing social and financial risk protection in health All health systems must be adequately funded to 2. Health Workforce provide essential services to all their citizens. These are individuals and groups working together towards the achievement of the best health outcomes Functions of Health System Works in ways that are responsive, fair, and efficient to achieve the best health outcomes possible 1. Health Service Provision The health system has the responsibility to perform a 3. Information wide range of activities and services to cater the Ensures the production, analysis, dissemination, and demands of the population. use of reliable and timely information These services focus on the promotion of health and A valuable and vital building block in decision and averting illness through education and preventive policy-making measures. 4. Medical Products 2. Health Service Inputs Assured quality, safety, efficacy and cost-effective, and This function focuses on assembling of essential their scientifically sound and cost-effective use. (physical) resources for delivering health services. These products must be made available and Examples: medications, human resources, medical accessible in an uninterrupted supply and must be equipment well-managed. 3. Stewardship 5. Financing The overall system oversight sets the context and The building block which takes care of the funding of policy framework for the overall health system the health care services. This function sets the context and policy framework for Ensure people can use needed services and are the overall health system. protected from financial catastrophe 4. Health Financing 6. Leadership / Governance This function includes collecting revenues, pooling Ensure strategic policy framework exist financial risk, and allocating revenue. Ensures effective stewardship of the entire health It involves raising and pooling resources to pay for system. health services. The Philippine Health System Health Financing 1. Primary Health Care for All 1. Revenue collection Developed a largely centralized government-funded Collection of money to pay for health care services and operated health care system Examples: general taxation, direct household out-of- pocket expenditures (patient pay directly for their 2. Adoption of Primary Health Care health services), Sin taxes Promoted participatory management of the local health care system 3. Reorganization of Primary Health Care Integrated public health and hospital services 9. RA 9502 (Access to Cheaper and Quality Medicines Act) 4. Milk Code of 1986 Promotes and ensures access to affordable quality Prevention and nutrition to promote breastfeeding drugs and medicines for all 5. The Generics Act 10. AO 2010-0036 (Kalusugang Pangkalahatan) Prescriptions are written using the generic name of the Universal health coverage and access to quality health drug in an attempt to lower expenditure on drugs by care for all Filipinos promoting and purchasing non-branded medicines. 11. Sin Taxes for Health 6. RA 7160 (Local Government Code) Generating extra revenue for the Department of Health Transfer of responsibility of health service provisions to by discouraging harmful consumption of alcohol and the local government units. tobacco 7. National Health Insurance Act 12. Universal Health Care Law Aims to provide all citizens a mechanism for financial Enrolling all Filipino citizens automatically in the protection with priority given to the poor. National Health Insurance Program administered by PhilHealth. 8. FOURmula One (F1) for Health All Filipinos are guaranteed equitable access to quality Adoption of operational framework to undertake and affordable health care services. reforms with speed, precision, and effective coordination LESSON 3 - Primary Health Care and the Philippine Health Care Delivery System Primary Health Care A whole-of-society approach to effectively organize and strengthen national health systems to bring services for health and well-being closer to communities. It is essential health care made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community by means acceptable to them, through their full participation and at a cost that the community and country can afford. Concepts of Primary Health Care ❖ Health Care System It refers to an organized plan of health services In relation to Organizing Because health care is a basic human right, it is Authority – formal and legitimate right of the manager essential for safeguarding the health and safety of the to issue orders, make decisions, and allocate resources. population. Responsibility – refers to the duty of the employee to perform the task assigned by the manager ❖ Health Care Delivery Accountability – an obligation or willingness to accept authority and responsibility. Since they accepted the It is rendering of health care services to the people duties and responsibilities, the managers and It directly impacts the achievement of overarching employees must report and justify their task outcomes to health system goals. those above them. The government must know how to deliver these services, must allocate sufficient budget and resources. Levels of Health Care Facilities 1. Primary Level ❖ Health Care Delivery System A people-centered rather than disease-centered This is the network of health facilities and personnel service which carries out the task of rendering health care to The first level of care that patients receive when they the people have medical concerns or needs Examples: Barangay Health Stations, Rural Health Key Elements to Better Primary Health Care Units (RHUs), Puericulture Centers, Private Clinics, Community Hospitals, and Health Centers 1. Universal Coverage Reforms 2. Service Delivery Reforms 2. Secondary Level 3. Leadership Reforms 4. Public Policy Reforms Specialized treatment and support provided by doctors 5. Increasing Stakeholder Participation and other health professionals for patients who have been referred to them for specific expert care Moderately specialized and focuses on helping Essential Elements of Primary Health Care patients who are struggling with more severe or 1. Education for Health complex health conditions 2. Locally endemic disease prevention and control Examples: Emergency and Regional Hospitals, 3. Expanded program for immunization District Hospitals 4. Maternal and Child Health including responsible parenthood 3. Tertiary Level 5. Essential drugs Medical centers and large hospitals that offer highly 6. Nutrition: Adequate, safe and available technological and sophisticated services. 7. Treatment of Communicable and Non-communicable Render services for clients afflicted with diseases that diseases seriously threaten their health and which require highly 8. Safe water and sanitation technical and specialized knowledge, facilities, and personnel Management of Primary Health Care Examples: National Health Services and Medical Centers Levels of Primary Health Care Workers 1. Grassroot or Village Health Workers Initial links of the community to healthcare Provide preventive health care measures and simple curatives to promote healthy environment Encourage programs/activities such as food production programs to improve the socio-economic level of the community Examples: Volunteers, community health workers, or traditional birth attendants 2. Intermediate Level Health Workers First source of professional health care 3. First-Line Hospital Personnel Attend to health problems which are already beyond Serve as the backup health service providers when the competence of the village workers hospitalization is required Provide supervision, training, supplies, and services In close contact with the intermediate level health that provide support to front-line health workers workers and Village health workers Examples: Medical practitioners, nurses, and Examples: Physicians with specializations, Nurses, midwives Dentists, Pharmacists, and other health professionals