HFHS Orientation - GI Drugs PDF

# Gastrointestinal Drugs ## Antacids - Aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel), Sodium bicarbonate, Calcium carbonate, Aluminum carbonate, Aluminum hydro - **General Information:** - Concurrent administration of antacids with medications (i.e., tetracyclines, oral contraceptives) decrease absorption...

# Gastrointestinal Drugs ## Antacids - Aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel), Sodium bicarbonate, Calcium carbonate, Aluminum carbonate, Aluminum hydro - **General Information:** - Concurrent administration of antacids with medications (i.e., tetracyclines, oral contraceptives) decrease absorption of these medications from GI tract - Systemic alkalosis / rebound hyperacidity with prolonged sodium bicarbonate use - Advertised as a good source of calcium - actually, not a safe source of calcium - Antacids react with many other drugs. They are also very high in sodium, aluminum, magnesium, and calcium ## Gastric Pump Inhibitor: - Omeprazole (Prilosec) Pantoprazole (Protonix), Lansoprazole (Prevacid) - **General Information:** - Commonly used for treatment of GERD, duodenal ulcers, and benign gastric ulcers - Teach patient to take medication before meals (ac) - Caution patient not to open, chew, or crush capsules - **Drug interactions:** - Decreases absorption of diazepam (Valium), warfarin (Coumadin), and phenytoin (Dilantin) - Increases serum levels and potential increase in toxicity of benzodiazepines - Common side effects: headache, dizziness, diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and upper respiratory infection symptoms - S/S of overdose: Hypothermia, sedation, convulsions, decreased respirations ## Histamine Antagonists: - Ranitidine (Zantac), Famotidine (Pepcid) - **General Information:** - Inhibits gastric acid secretion by blocking histamine effect on H2 receptors - Used in short-term treatment of gastric / duodenal ulcers - Give IV over 30 minutes to avoid bradycardia