Hema I Lesson 4-5 PDF

Granulocytic series Myelocyte > Most WBCs came from CMP Youngest stage Phagocytes - granulocytic | also 14-16 um monocytes Cytoplasm Immunocytes - lymphocytes responsible Low - moderate nonspecific f...

Granulocytic series Myelocyte > Most WBCs came from CMP Youngest stage Phagocytes - granulocytic | also 14-16 um monocytes Cytoplasm Immunocytes - lymphocytes responsible Low - moderate nonspecific for adaptive immunity (antibodies) granules (activates immune system) + specific granules Nucleus Myeloblast oval/round earliest precursor NC ratio 1:1 > present in bone marrow Chromatin - coarser/condensed 14-20 um 0 nucleoli Cytoplasm (LAST STAGE CAPABLE OF CELL Small, smooth, non-granular DIVISION) Nucleus Round/oval Metamyelocyte ⅘ of the cell 10-15 um NC ratio 4:1 Decreased NC ratio 2-5 nucleoli Decreased nonspecific granules Fine chromatin Increased specific granules T1 - no visible granules Nucleus T2 - Azurophilic granules Coarse chromatin T3 - darker chromatin, purple cytoplasm Indented kidney shaped Coarse chromatin Promyelocyte Purple-dark stains 16-25 um Tertiary granules (Gelatinase) Cytoplasm Pale blue to basophilic Band/Stab >nonspecific granules (primary) (Neutrophils) ^azurophilic > C / Z lobes Nucleus > elongated Occupies half/more of the cell > Coarse-clumped chromatin NC ratio 3:1 - 2:1 “Paranuclear halo” “hot” Neutrophils Coarse chromatin 9-15um 2-3 nucleoli “Polymorphonuclear cell” “PMN” >Half life in PBS - 7hrs > Pink-rose violet specific granules >most abundant WBC  Agranulocytic Series > 2-5 lobes connected by a thin nuclear CMP -> Monoblast -> Promonocyte -> filament Monocyte (Increased # of lobes = hypersegmentation) Monoblast 12-20um “Circulating/marginated neutrophil pool” >moderately basophilic > secretory function = for VitB12 Cytoplasm - blue-gray > Source of cytokines Non-granular Eosinophils Nucleus Charcot-Leyden crystals (cytochemical ovoid/round stain) NC ratio 4:1 - 3:1 9-15um Fine, lacey chromatin >reddish-orange granules 1-2 nucleoli Nucleus - 2 lobes Half-life in PBS - 18hrs Promonocyte | For allergic & parasitic infection 12-18um | antigen-presenting cell (APC) Cytoplasm Blue-gray Basophil “Fine dust” azurophilic granules Least abundant WBC >slightly pink-colorless cytoplasm Nucleus >purple - blue/black granules Oval w/ single fold/fissure Granules are water-soluble (can be NC ratio 3:1 - 2:1 washed) Fine chromatin pattern >not as coarse compared to Eo and Monocyte Neutro Largest in PBS > bilobed (3-4 are rare) Approx 30hrs in circulation 15-20um Histamine, Heparin |for inflammation & allergic reactions Cytoplasm Blue-gray Mast Cells > Outline may be irregular due to (found in tissue) pseudopods > Relative to basophils >Vacules may be present | Also for inflammation > Fine azurophilic granules Not a WBC “Ground glass” Nucleus Homural immunity (production of Round/Kidney-shaped antibodies) Chromatin - fine & lacey Horseshoe shaped T Lymphocytes 0 nucleoli 60-80% lymphocytes Matures in the thymus Macrophage Interact with antigens to form Monocytes present in the tissue specific effector cells which act in 40-50um delayed hypersensitivity, Oval nucleus, reticulated chromatin suppression of tumor, graft pattern rejection APC Cellular immunity (adaptive immunity) - cytotoxic immunity - Lymphoesis destroys foreign substance CD4+ - for antibodies Lymphoblast CD8+ - for destruction of cells 10-18um Cytoplasm NK Cells/ Null Lymphocytes 0 granules >10% lymphocytes Smooth Flexible - part of innate, can be part of Moderate-dark blue adaptive immunity MORE ABUNDANT IN MYELOBLAST > can destroy tumor and virus-infected Nucleus cells w/o antigen NC ratio 4:1 1-2 nucleoli >resembles Large granular lymphocytes Chromatin - coarse CD marker - NK cells = CD56, CD16 Prolymphocyte 10-18um MORE ABUNDANT IN LYMPHOBLAST Small Medium Large Lymphocytes - Robin’s egg blue B Lymphocytes Produced in Bone marrow 10-20% lymphocytes Secretes immunoglobulins