Health, Sickness & Natural History of Disease PDF

HEALTH, SICKNESS & NATURAL HISTORY OF DISEASE SANDRA VELASCO [email protected]  HEALTH AND DISEASE HEALTH DISEASE A state of complete physical, Imbalance with a failure me...

HEALTH, SICKNESS & NATURAL HISTORY OF DISEASE SANDRA VELASCO [email protected]  HEALTH AND DISEASE HEALTH DISEASE A state of complete physical, Imbalance with a failure mental and social well- being of the organism's and NOT merely the absence adaptive mechanisms, of disease. affecting its well-being HEALTH AND DISEASE ARE NOT OPPOSITE CONCEPTS, BUT DIFFERENT DEGREES OF ADAPTATION OF THE ORGANISM TO THE ENVIRONMENT IN WHICH IT LIVES  HEALTH DIMENSIONS PHYSICAL: INTELECTUAL: Ability to think and learn Bodily functions from life experiences Need for physical Ability to question and activity, healthy eating, evaluate information and adequate sleep through critical thinking. EMOTIONAL: SOCIAL: Ability to cope Ability to interact with effectively with life and other people express emotions Creating support appropriately systems.  HEALTH DIMENSIONS SPIRITUAL: ENVIRONMENTAL: Having a sense of Impact of our purpose and meaning in environment on our life well-being OCCUPATIONAL AND COMMUNUTY HEALTH: FINANCIAL: Health programs that Carreer that aligns with bring individuals closer your values to health. Managing money properly  WELLBEING Wellness can be defined as a purposeful and enjoyable way of living. Characterized by personal responsibility and optimal improvement of physical, mental, and spiritual health. THE EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRIAD/TRIANGLE: A MODEL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE CAUSATION Helps us understand What causes the spread of diseases through 3 the disease components: agent, environment, and host  THE EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRIAD/TRIANGLE: A MODEL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE CAUSATION Types of agents: Biological: bacteria, virus, fungi, parasites. Physical: changes in temperature, mechanical action of objects, electricity, radiation. Chemical: toxic substances  THE EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRIAD/TRIANGLE: A MODEL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE CAUSATION Ex: Covid 19 What would happen if we minimize the interactions between these components? NATURAL HISTORY OF DISEASE: HOW A DISEASE PROGRESSES WITHOUT TREATMENT. NATURAL HISTORY OF DISEASE: HOW A DISEASE PROGRESSES WITHOUT TREATMENT. Stage of susceptibility: Also known as PRE PATOGENIC PERIOD Epidemiological triad occurs The person is not yet infected/sick NATURAL HISTORY OF DISEASE: HOW A DISEASE PROGRESSES WITHOUT TREATMENT. PATOGENIC PERIOD Stage of subclinical disease: The person is already infected/sick but is NOT showing symptoms Stage of clinical disease: Symptoms appear Diagnosis is made NATURAL HISTORY OF DISEASE: HOW A DISEASE PROGRESSES WITHOUT TREATMENT. RESOLUTION: The disease ends with recovery, disability or death  SIGNS VS. SYMPTOMS SIGN SYMPTOM Health issues that can be observed Manifestations of disease that are only apparent to and/or measured. the patient. Subjective experience of a potential health issue  LEVELS OF PREVENTION HEALTH ACTIVITIES AIMED TO PROMOTE HEALTH PRIMARY PREVENTION TERTIARY PREVENTION SECONDARY PREVENTION  LEVELS OF PREVENTION HEALTH ACTIVITIES AIMED TO PROMOTE HEALTH True prevention, precedes disease Aimed at health promotion, focus on maintaining or improving health Includes health education, vaccines, physical PRIMARY and nutritional activities, water sanitation, PREVENTION garbage collection, etc.  LEVELS OF PREVENTION HEALTH ACTIVITIES AIMED TO PROMOTE HEALTH Aimed at diagnosing diseases early and treating them early. The earlier the treatment, the better the SECONDARY PREVENTION outcome.  LEVELS OF PREVENTION HEALTH ACTIVITIES AIMED TO PROMOTE HEALTH Occurs when a defect is permanent Aimed at preventing complications and deterioration TERTIARY Rehabilitation and quality of life PREVENTION  Patogenic period Pre patogenic period RESOLUTION PRIMARY SECONDARY TERTIARY PREVENTION PREVENTION PREVENTION  HYGIENE WHAT LEVEL OF PREVENTION DOES IT BELONG TO?  HYGIENE Conditions and practices that help to mantain health and prevent the spread of diseases. Individual hygiene: Collective hygiene: Washing hands Housing Dental hygiene Workplace Sleep habits Transportation Infrastructure and services Governance and authorities