Health 8 PDF

​ ​ ​ ​ HEALTH 8 Source:Trust me bro(djk) -​ My notebook notes -​ MAPEH book Parenthood ​ State of being a parent ​ Entails a lot of responsibilities and tasks ​ Establishing a family demands emotional, intellectual, social, physical, and economic p...

​ ​ ​ ​ HEALTH 8 Source:Trust me bro(djk) -​ My notebook notes -​ MAPEH book Parenthood ​ State of being a parent ​ Entails a lot of responsibilities and tasks ​ Establishing a family demands emotional, intellectual, social, physical, and economic preparations and maturity ​ Takes place when a couple arrives at making a good and proper decision to have a healthy family. Responsible parenthood -​ It is the will and the ability to provide for the needs of the family, and to give them the best possible lives -​ Parents are responsible for most of the nurturing in a family Nurturing - providing the things that family members need in order to live and grow Parents duties and responsibilities: 1.​ Providing physical care, love, and acceptance; 2.​ Providing the things needed for survival, such as food, clothing, and shelter 3.​ Protecting the health and safety of everyone in the family; 4.​ Teaching their children basic skills and values; and 5.​ Providing financial support for education and other purposes Effects of Family size on family health SMALL FAMILY -​ Financially stable  -​ More parental attention and love -​ More time, energy, and money left for other pursuits -​ Happier and more emotionally stable -​ Children tend to be more nourished and healthier BIGGER FAMILY -​ Nutritional intake per member tends to be smaller, malnutrition tends to be higher -​ Disadvantage in terms of physical development -​ Exercise self-deprivation and sacrifice -​ Prone to infection and parasite infestation -​ Stiff competition among siblings Family planning -​ Refers to the practice of controlling the number and timing of children in a family through the use of various contraceptive methods and other techniques -​ The goal of family planning is to ensure that individuals and couples can achieve their desired family size and have the resources to support their children -​ It encompasses a range of activities, including education about reproductive health, access to contraception, and fertility treatment 2 types of family planning methods 1.​ Natural Family planning a.​ Abstinence - abstaining from sexual intercourse, most effective but difficult to comply b.​ Calendar method - keeps track of the menstrual cycle and refraining from coitus during the days that the woman is fertile c.​ Basal Body Temperature - the woman’s temperature is at rest. Her body temperature falls at 0.5F before and during the day of ovulation, rises to full degree because of progesterone, and maintains its level through the menstrual cycle and the temperature should be measured every morning d.​ Cervical Mucus Method - consists of checking the change in the cervical mucus  e.​ Symptothermal method - combination of basal body temperature and cervical mucus methods. f.​ Ovulation Detection - uses an over-the-counter kit that requires urine specimen that can predict ovulation through the surge of luteinizing hormone that happens 12 to 24 hours before ovulation g.​ Lactation Amenorrhea Method - exclusive breast-feeding of the infant h.​ Coitus Interruptus(withdrawal) - one of the oldest methods, will proceed with the coitus but the man will withdraw the moment he ejaculates. 2.​ Artificial method a.​ Oral Contraceptives - pills that contain synthetic estrogen and progesterone that limit the sperm’s access to the ova b.​ Hormonal Injections - consists of medroxyprogesterone and given once every 12 weeks intramuscularly c.​ Vaginal ring - inserted vaginally and remains there for 3 weeks d.​ Vasectomy(surgical method) - a small incision made on each side of the scrotum of the male e.​ Tubal Ligation occluding the fallopian tubes f.​ Intrauterine device - small T-shaped objects that prevents fertilization by creating a local sterile inflammatory condition to prevent implantation Benefits of family planning 1.​ Health benefits -​ Reduce maternal and infant mortality by allowing mothers to space pregnancies and plan for health births. -​ Helps prevent unintended pregnancies and associated health risks -​ Allows women to recover fully between pregnancies, improving overall health outcomes for mothers and children. 2.​ Economic Benefits -​ Enables family to better allocate resources and provide for their children -​ Helps women and men plan their careers and educational goals, contributing to economic stability Stage of Infection Prevention and control of diseases ​ Disease -​ Refers to a condition that impairs normal tissue function; refers to any harmful change in the state of health of the body or mind. -​ Is an abnormal condition or disorder of a structure or function in a living organism, typically associated with specific symptoms and signs ​ Infection -​ Results when an agent(pathogen) invades and begin growing within a host ​ Infectious diseases, communicable diseases, and contagious diseases -​ Can be passed directly from one peersome to another person; they are caused by an agent or pathogen that can pass from one living thing to another ​ Pathogens -​ A microorganism, that causes disease or illness in its host organism Disease-Causing Organisms (Pathogens) ★​ Viruses Extremely small organisms that consist of protein coats and some genetic materials Ex: influenza, common cold ★​ Bacteria Once-celled organisms that are found everywhere Ex: sinus infections, strep throat, tuberculosis ★​ Parasites -​ Organisms that live in a host organism -​ Get nourishment from a host -​ Some may be very large -​ Ex: malaria, tapeworm ★​ Fungi -​ Rely on other living or dead organisms in order to survive -​ Included in this group are mildewa, molds, and yeasts -​ Ex: athlete’s foot, ringworm  ★​ Protozoa -​ Single-celled organisms -​ Much more complex than bacteria -​ Protozoa infections usually originate from infected water or food -​ Ex: amoebic dysentery ​ Different Stages of Infection The stages of infection refers to the sequential processes that occur when a pathogen enters a host organism and causes an infection ​ Incubation Stage -​ Period between the infection of an individual by an agent (pathogen) and the manifestation of the illness or disease it causes. -​ The Pathogen begins to multiply within the host. ​ Prodromal Stage -​ Precursory period and is the period from the onset of nonspecific signs and symptoms until more symptoms begin to manifest ​ Illness stage -​ Manifests specific signs and symptoms of the disease ​ Convalescence stage -​ Gradually recovery period in which the acute symptoms of the disease disappear