HBO Finals Reviewer PDF

Results of Interpersonal Relations 1. Need satisfaction 2. Social support 3. Synergy 4. Conflict The Nature of Groups Group - two or more ppl interact w/ one another and are influenced by each other. Categorizations: 1. By degrees of formalization - Formal groups - established by org. (command, ta...

Results of Interpersonal Relations 1. Need satisfaction 2. Social support 3. Synergy 4. Conflict The Nature of Groups Group - two or more ppl interact w/ one another and are influenced by each other. Categorizations: 1. By degrees of formalization - Formal groups - established by org. (command, task, affinity) - Informal groups - self-created. (friendship/interest) 2. By degrees of permanence - permanent/temporary. 4 stages of Development Process 1. Mutual acceptance 2. Communication & decision making 3. Motivation & productivity 4. Control & organization Group Performance Factors - composition, size, norms, cohesiveness 1. Group Composition Communication - degree of similarity or difference among group - social process in which parties exchange info members. and share meaning. > Homogeneity: similarity > Heterogeneity: differences Purposes of Communication in Org 1. Achieve coordinated actions Factors Affecting Group Decision Making 2. Express Feelings and emotions -​ Group polarization 3. Share information -​ Groupthink - org goals, task directives, results of efforts, -​ Group Problem Solving decision making. Interpersonal Relations Issues 1. Language - different word meanings. - nonverbal communication. 2. Coordination - time zones & communication systems. Methods of Communication Improving Org Factors in Communication 1. Primary Org Communication Methods 1. Reduce Noise - written 2. Foster Informal Communication (letter, memos, reports, manual, forms) 3. Develop a Balance Info Network - oral (informal convo, task-related exchanges, group Area Problem Solution discussions, formal speeches) - nonverbal (human elements, facial expressions, body Source Info filtering. Understand language, environmental elements, office design, underlying bldg architecture) basis. 2. Choice Considerations Encoding Lack of Improve - audience (physically presence or not) -Decoding common semantics - nature of the msg (urgency & secrecy) experience and reduce - costs of transmissions base. jargon. Receiver Selective Reduce Elements of the Communication Process attention, dissonance 1. Source value and overland. - interested in communicating to another party. judgments, 2. Encoding source - idea into transmittable symbols. credibility, 3. Transmission overload. - msg sent to the receiver via medium. Feedback Improper Be source 4. Decoding Response. oriented. - receiver interprets its meaning. 5. Receiver Conflict - perceives the encoded symbols. - opposition to each other resulting in animosity. 6. Feedback - returns the msg w/ receipt of the msg. Common Forms of Conflict 7. Noise 1. Process - disturbance which distorts communication. - agree on goals but disagree on how to achieve them. Communication Networks 2. Relationship Small-Group: Info Flow Patterns - interpersonal issues. 1. Wheel Network 3. Legal - info flow between person at the end & person - differences in perceptions between orgs. in the middle. 4. Task 2. Chain Network - goals and content of the work. - communicate w/ a person above & below. 3. Circle Network Causes of Conflict - communicate on both sides. 1. Interpersonal 4. All channel Network - between two or more individual - all members communicate w/ each other. 2. Intergroup - between two or more org groups -recurs infrequently & no previously established 3. Between org and environment decision. - between one org and another Decision Making -process of choosing alternatives. Types of task interdependence Behavioral Approach 1.​ Pooled interdependence - team -role & importance of human behavior accomplishes its tasks by combining Rational Approach everyone's separate efforts. -systematic, step by step. 2.​ Sequential interdependence - team Personal Approach members rely on each other in -conflict model. predictable ways for the flow of Problem Solving information, work and decisions. -developing & evaluating alternatives. 3.​ Reciprocal interdependence - team Practical Approach members are sequentially -combo of rational & behavioral. interdependent, but work back and forth. Preparation -creative process including education & formal Five Types of Reaction to Conflict training. 1. Avoidance Incubation -interaction is unimportant to either party’s - knowledge & ideas acquired mature and goals. develop. 2.Accommodation Verification -goals are compatible but interactions aren’t -validity of truthfulness. important. Insight 3.Competition -scattered ideas were maturing to produce -goals are incompatible but interactions are breakthrough. important. 4.Collaboration Organization stressors: -goals are compatible, interaction is very 1.​ Task demands important. 2.​ Role demands 5.Compromise 3.​ Interpersonal demands -goals are neither compatible or incompatible, 4.​ Physical interactions are moderately important. Characteristics of programmed decision -​ Well- structured decision Reactions to Conflict can be differentiated by: -​ New and unusual - importance to each party’s goals to that party. -​ Clear and specific goals - compatibility of each party’s goals to the goals -​ Readily available information of the other party. Characteristics of non-programmed decision PREFI: -​ Poorly structured decision -​ Vague goals Programmed Decision -​ Not available and unclear channels of -recurs often enough for decision to be info developed -​ Major consequences Nonprogrammed Decision