Hypertension - PDF

HYPERTENSION Prof. Dr. Riyadh Mustafa Al-Salih FACC, FESC, FICMS Magnitude of the problem Definition of Hypertension (HT) Measurement of BP Classification of HT Objectives Types of HT Complications...

HYPERTENSION Prof. Dr. Riyadh Mustafa Al-Salih FACC, FESC, FICMS Magnitude of the problem Definition of Hypertension (HT) Measurement of BP Classification of HT Objectives Types of HT Complications & Effects of HT Management outlines History & Examination Investigations & Treatment  Magnitude of the Problem Hypertension ( HTN) - or elevated blood pressure (BP) - is a serious medical condition that significantly increases the risks of heart, brain, kidney and other diseases. It is the most common primary diagnosis worldwide. More than 1 billion people worldwide have HTN, most of them (≈ two-thirds) living in low- and middle-income countries. About 1 in 4 men and 1 in 5 women had HTN. Fewer than 1 in 5 people with HTN have the problem under control. HTN is a major cause of premature death worldwide.  A sustained elevation of systemic arterial blood pressure; A systolic BP (SBP) ≥140 mmHg and/ or Definition of A diastolic BP (DBP) ≥90 mmHg. Hypertension Based on the average of two or more (HT) properly measured, seated BP readings. On each of two or more office visits. At least two measurements should Blood be made, and the average Pressure recorded. (BP) Clinicians should provide the Measurement patients their specific BP numbers and the BP goal of their treatment.  The equipment should be regularly inspected and validated. The operator should be trained and regularly retrained. The patient must be properly prepared and positioned and seated quietly for at least 5 Accurate BP minutes in a chair. Measurement Caffeine, exercise, and smoking should be avoided for at least 30 minutes before BP measurement. An appropriately sized cuff should be used. The auscultatory method should be used. Classification of HT in Adults Category Systolic BP Diastolic BP Follow up (mmHg) (mmHg) Recommendation Normal 90 -