Acoustic Control in Buildings PDF

ACOUSTIC CONTROL IN BUILDINGS GROUP Barreda, David Destacamento, Ralphy 4: Guererro, Noel  INTRODUCTION Sound Sound is a type of mechanical wave that propagates through a medium such as air, water, or solids. INTRODUCTION Sound Controlling all aspects of...

ACOUSTIC CONTROL IN BUILDINGS GROUP Barreda, David Destacamento, Ralphy 4: Guererro, Noel  INTRODUCTION Sound Sound is a type of mechanical wave that propagates through a medium such as air, water, or solids. INTRODUCTION Sound Controlling all aspects of sound entering or leaving a room is the essence of good acoustical design. SOUND GENERATION 1.Frequency 2.Wavelength 3.Amplitude  FREQUENCY Frequency in a sound wave refers to the rate of the vibration of the sound travelling through the air. This parameter decides whether a sound is perceived as high pitched or low pitched. In sound, the frequency is also known as Pitch. FREQUENCY WAVELENGTH The physical distance between two consecutive peaks in a sound wave is referred to as the wavelength of the sound wave. WAVELENGTH  AMPLITUDE In sound, amplitude refers to the magnitude of compression and expansion experienced by the medium the sound wave is travelling through. This amplitude is perceived by our ears as loudness. High amplitude is equivalent to loud sounds. AMPLITUDE  IMPORTANCE OF ACOUSTICAL CONTROL Sound Control and Speech Intelligibility -In spaces where speech intelligibility is essential, such as lecture halls, conference rooms, and theaters, acoustical treatments ensure that sound is clear and easily understood by all occupants.  IMPORTANCE OF ACOUSTICAL CONTROL Enhancing Musical and Performing Arts Spaces -Concert halls, opera houses, and theaters require careful consideration of factors such as reverberation time, sound diffusion, and sound reflection.  IMPORTANCE OF ACOUSTICAL CONTROL Noise Reduction in Work and Educational Environments - In offices and educational institutions, excessive noise can significantly impact productivity, concentration, and learning outcomes  IMPORTANCE OF ACOUSTICAL CONTROL Sustainable Acoustic Design -Sustainability is a growing consideration in architectural design, and this applies to acoustic design as well. Eco-friendly materials with sound-absorbing properties, such as recycled fabrics and acoustic panels made from sustainable sources, can be incorporated into building design  SOUND MITIGATION  INTERIOR WALLS ACOUSTIC INSULATION SEAL GAPS AND ACOUSTIC PANELS CRACKS Use acoustic caulk to seal gaps Install sound-absorbing panels or Use materials like fiberglass, rock around electrical outlets, light fabric-wrapped acoustic treatments wool, or foam insulation within the switches, and along the edges of the to reduce echo within the room. wall cavity. wall.  EXTERIOR WALLS HIGH - DENSITY EXTERIOR CLADDING ACOUSTIC BARRIERS Build thicker walls with an air gap Add materials like brick, stucco, or Incorporate exterior fencing or walls between two layers for improved stone for increased mass and noise made of sound-absorptive materials sound dampening. reduction. near the building.  FLOORS CARPETING AND RUGS FLOATING FLOORS RESILIENT CHANNEL Build thicker walls with an air gap Add materials like brick, stucco, or Incorporate exterior fencing or walls between two layers for improved stone for increased mass and noise made of sound-absorptive materials sound dampening. reduction. near the building.  FLOORS EXTERIOR CLADDING EXTERIOR CLADDING ACOUSTIC BARRIERS Build thicker walls with an air gap Add materials like brick, stucco, or Incorporate exterior fencing or walls between two layers for improved stone for increased mass and noise made of sound-absorptive materials sound dampening. reduction. near the building. SOUND TRANSMISSION CLASS Measure airborne transmission loss especially in floors and ceilings TRANSMISSION LOSS Measurement oof blocked or reduced sound passing through it NOICE ISOLATION CLASS Measurement oof blocked or reduced sound passing through it  NEW PROJECT IN 2023 Salford & Co. 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Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. ACOUSTIC MATERIALS ACOUSTIC MATERIALS Acoustical materials are a variety of foams, fabrics, metals, etc. used to quiet workplaces, homes, automobiles, and so forth to increase the comfort and safety of their inhabitants by reducing noise 7 generated both inside and outside of those spaces. EXAMPLE OF ACOUSTIC MATERIALS Acoustical materials are a variety of foams, fabrics, metals, etc. used to quiet workplaces, homes, automobiles, and so forth to increase the comfort and safety of their inhabitants by reducing noise 7 generated both inside and outside of those spaces. ACOUSTIC FOAM open celled foam used for acoustic treatment. It attenuates airborne sound waves, reducing their amplitude, for the purposes of noise reduction or noise control. The energy 7 is dissipated as heat. Acoustic foam can be made in several different colors, sizes and thickness. MINERAL WOOL any fibrous material formed by spinning or drawing molten mineral or rock materials such as slag and 7 ceramics. BASS TRAPS acoustic energy absorbers which are designed to damp low- frequency sound energy with the goal of attaining a flatter low-frequency (LF) room response by reducing LF resonances in rooms. They are commonly used in recording studios, mastering rooms, home theatres and other rooms built to provide a critical listening environment. Like all 7 acoustically absorptive devices, they function by turning sound energy into heat through friction. FIBRE GLASS composite material that’s made of very fine glass fibers. You’ll also find it going by the names glass-reinforced plastic and glass fiber plastic. This is slightly misleading as fiberglass isn’t a 7 pure plastic, but rather one that’s reinforced with the aforementioned tiny glass fibers. ACOUSTIC FABRIC fabric which is suitable for use in acoustic absorption products because of its acoustic properties. It must be acoustically transparent; that is, penetrable to sound waves. 7 DIFFUSER PANELS helpful acoustic treatment. These panels are three- dimensional, with pieces that stick out to different degrees. The effect is that sound waves that hit the diffuser panel will scatter in random directions. So, while sound absorption treatments remove sound energy, which deadens sound, diffuser panels are an acoustic treatment 7 that helps to keep a space sounding live. You can use diffuser panels as a complement to sound-absorbing treatments or in place of them. 7  Acoustic properties of building materials play a crucial role in controlling sound transmission, absorption, and overall acoustic comfort in architectural spaces Understanding these properties enables architects and acoustic 7 consultants to select appropriate materials and design effective acoustic treatments for various building types and functions  SOUND ABSORPTION COEFFICIENT Ratio of sound energy absorbed by a material to the sound energy incident upon its surface Varies with frequency and ranges from 0 (perfectly reflective) to 1 (perfectly absorptive) Materials with high absorption coefficients (0.7- 1.0) are effective in reducing reverberation and 7 controlling noise levels in spaces *Examples: acoustic panels, carpets, curtains  SOUND TRANSMISSION LOSS Measure of a material's ability to reduce sound energy passing through it, expressed in decibels (dB) Higher values indicate better sound insulation performance Depends on factors such as mass, stiffness, and damping properties of the material 7 Examples: thick concrete walls, double-glazed windows, solid-core doors  NOICE REDUCTION COEFFICIENT (NRC) Single-number rating of a material's sound absorption performance, averaged over the frequencies 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz Ranges from 0 (perfectly reflective) to 1 (perfectly absorptive) Commonly used to compare the overall absorptive properties of different materials 7 Examples: NRC 0.75 for a high-performance acoustic ceiling tile  IMPACT INSULATION CLASS (IIC) Single-number rating of a floor-ceiling assembly's ability to reduce impact noise transmission (e.g., footsteps, dropped objects) Higher values indicate better impact noise insulation (typical range: 30-80) Determined through standardized laboratory testing using a tapping machine 7 Examples: IIC 55 for a concrete floor with a floating floor system  SOUND TRANSMISSION CLASS (STC) Single-number rating of a material's airborne sound insulation performance, derived from laboratory measurements of sound transmission loss Higher values indicate better sound insulation (typical range: 30-70) Used to assess the effectiveness of walls, floors, and ceilings in reducing noise transmission between spaces 7 Examples: STC 50 for a well-insulated partition wall  POROUS ABSORBERS Porous absorbers are materials with an open-cell structure that allows sound waves to penetrate and dissipate energy through friction and viscous losses They are effective at absorbing mid to high-frequency sound and are commonly used in spaces requiring noise reduction and reverberation control 7  FIBROUS MATERIAL Made from natural or synthetic fibers, such as mineral wool, fiberglass, and polyester Fibers are arranged in a random, interconnected network, creating a highly porous structure Sound waves propagate through the material, causing the fibers to vibrate and convert sound energy into heat 7  REFERENCES 7