Graphing Behavior and Measuring Change PDF

CHAPTER 3 GRAPHING BEHAVIOR AND MEASURING CHANGE  DRILL! A SET OF JUMBLED WORDS A PRESENTED TO YOU, YOU HAVE CLUES TO UTILIZE TO FORM WORDS RELATED TO THE TOPIC  DRILL! 1.APRHG 2.EHVRIOBA 3.TDAA 4.ESRAECHR 5.XECLE 6.QURFEECNY 7.NLIE RAGPH 8.RETANETMT 9.LERAONITPISH ...

CHAPTER 3 GRAPHING BEHAVIOR AND MEASURING CHANGE  DRILL! A SET OF JUMBLED WORDS A PRESENTED TO YOU, YOU HAVE CLUES TO UTILIZE TO FORM WORDS RELATED TO THE TOPIC  DRILL! 1.APRHG 2.EHVRIOBA 3.TDAA 4.ESRAECHR 5.XECLE 6.QURFEECNY 7.NLIE RAGPH 8.RETANETMT 9.LERAONITPISH  DRILL! 1.GRAPH 2.EHVRIOBA 3.TDAA 4.ESRAECHR 5.XECLE 6.QURFEECNY 7.NLIE RAGPH 8.RETANETMT 9.LERAONITPISH  DRILL! 1.GRAPH 2.BEHAVIOR 3.TDAA 4.ESRAECHR 5.XECLE 6.QURFEECNY 7.NLIE RAGPH 8.RETANETMT 9.LERAONITPISH  DRILL! 1.GRAPH 2.BEHAVIOR 3.DATA 4.ESRAECHR 5.XECLE 6.QURFEECNY 7.NLIE RAGPH 8.RETANETMT 9.LERAONITPISH  DRILL! 1.GRAPH 2.BEHAVIOR 3.DATA 4.RESEARCH 5.XECLE 6.QURFEECNY 7.NLIE RAGPH 8.RETANETMT 9.LERAONITPISH  DRILL! 1.GRAPH 2.BEHAVIOR 3.DATA 4.RESEARCH 5.EXCEL 6.QURFEECNY 7.NLIE RAGPH 8.RETANETMT 9.LERAONITPISH  DRILL! 1.GRAPH 2.BEHAVIOR 3.DATA 4.RESEARCH 5.EXCEL 6.FREQUENCY 7.NLIE RAGPH 8.RETANETMT 9.LERAONITPISH  DRILL! 1.GRAPH 2.BEHAVIOR 3.DATA 4.RESEARCH 5.EXCEL 6.FREQUENCY 7.LINE GRAPH 8.RETANETMT 9.LERAONITPISH  DRILL! 1.GRAPH 2.BEHAVIOR 3.DATA 4.RESEARCH 5.EXCEL 6.FREQUENCY 7.LINE GRAPH 8.TREATMENT 9.LERAONITPISH  DRILL! 1.GRAPH 2.BEHAVIOR 3.DATA 4.RESEARCH 5.EXCEL 6.FREQUENCY 7.LINE GRAPH 8.TREATMENT 9.RELATIONSHIP  DRILL! 1.GRAPH 2.BEHAVIOR 3.DATA 4.RESEARCH 5.EXCEL 6.FREQUENCY 7.LINE GRAPH 8.TREATMENT 9.RELATIONSHIP GRAPHING BEHAVIOR & 01 MEASURING CHANGE OBJECTIVES TO BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY THE COMPONENTS OF A BEHAVIOR TO IDENTIFY THE DIFFERENT RESEARCH DESIGNS 1 MODIFICATION GRAPH For the students to identify all six 5 THAT CAN BE USED IN BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION For the student to identify and utilize the essential components of a behavior RESEARCH research designs in behaviour modification. modification research. TO BE ABLE TO GRAPH BEHAVIORAL DATA 2 For the students to properly and methodically graph the behavioural data. TO IDENTIFY THE DIFFERENT DIMENSIONS 3 OF BEHAVIOR THAT ARE SHOWN IN GRAPHS For the students to be able to identify and differentiate the dimensions of behaviour shown in behaviour modification graphs. TO IDENTIFY WHAT IS THE FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIP, AND 4 HOW TO DEMONSTRATE SUCH RELATIONSHIP IN BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION For the students to properly identify and know how a functional relationship is established in behaviour modification  GRAPHING BEHAVIOR & 02 MEASURING CHANGE GRAPHS The visual representation of the occurrence of behaviour over time. The most efficient way to view the occurrence of the behaviour due to results and recordings shown in GRAPHING BEHAVIOR & 03 MEASURING CHANGE EXAMPLES 01 02 03  05 GRAPHING BEHAVIOR & 04 MEASURING CHANGE COMPONENTS OF A GRAPH X and Y axis (abscissa and ordinate) Time under the x-axis, and level of behaviour beside the y-axis, with a hash mark to serve as an indicator of the correspondence of the value of said time or behaviour. Data Points To be accurately plotted within the graph to signify the exact instance and time of when the phenomena occurred. Phase Lines Most likely to be represented as a vertically downward line, that represents the change from no-treatment phase to the treatment phase or the baseline or competing response. Figure 1, numbers on the x and y axis, representing both the numerical values of time and behaviour, data points signifying the exact point in time in where that action occurred, and a phase line to signify the administration of the treatment, and the phase labels that signify which phase the observation is on. Phase Labels  GRAPHING BEHAVIOR & 05 MEASURING CHANGE PHASES Baseline The baseline, or the phase(s) before any treatment is administered, is the measurement phase, wherein the observer has to notice and observe how severe and complex the frequency or the behavior itself. Behavioral Contract The behavioral contract phase(s) is the phase where the concluded treatment is administered. In this phase, a functional relationship must be established, for the patient to be deemed ‘cured’ Follow-up Only being set in specific cases, the follow-up is administered when the intervention used, did not work or worked temporarily. In this phase, the analyst must concoct another treatment or refer the GRAPHING BEHAVIOR & GRAPHING 06 MEASURING CHANGE BEHAVIOURAL DATA Behavioural data, collected through observations, are recorded on data sheets or other instruments that interpret data, then are translated to form a graph. x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x 01 02 03 GRAPHING BEHAVIOR & 07 MEASURING CHANGE GRAPHING DATA FROM DIFFERENT RECORDING PROCEDURES With data being varied, different kinds of graphs can be interpreted, however, key components remain in the graph. Different numerical values can be interpreted in the y-axis, for example, if the research looks for percentiles, the values of the y-axis would then be TIP: GRAPHING AND EVALUATING DATA CAN BE percentages, and the y-axis can also be EASILY DONE THROUGH THE USE OF changed if quantities are being looked for, MICROSOFT EXCEL AND OTHER SOFTWARES SUCH AS GOOGLE SHEETS AND ETC. such as the production of one man in 2 hours and so on. GRAPHING BEHAVIOR & MEASURING CHANGE 08 TIP: EXTRANEOUS VARIABLES ARE OUTCOMES THAT THE RESEARCHER DOES NOT EXPECT TO HAPPEN BUT OCCURRED THROUGH THE OBSERVATION THAT AFFECTED THE BEHAVIOUR. RESEARCH The research design determines whether the treatment DESIGN Research designs vary, the previously shown (independent variable) is the one that induced the figure 1 shows the AB design, A is the baseline change to the target behaviour (dependent variable). In order to get the behaviour to change, a functional and B being the behavioural contract, which is not relationship must be established. a proper research design due to the AB design A functional relationship is established by two points; not establishing a functional relationship. a. a target behaviour changes when an independent variable is manipulated while all other variables Research designs that are prominent in are held constant behavioural graphing are the ABAB Reversal b. the process of treatment is replicated or repeated one Design, Multiple Baseline Design, Alternating or more times and the behaviour changes each time. Treatments Design, and the Changing  GRAPHING BEHAVIOR & 09 MEASURING CHANGE A-B-A-B REVERSAL DESIGN The extended AB design, the A-B-A-B reversal design has the same parts of the simple AB design, A is to the baseline and B to the behavioural contract, but in this case, the treatment is administered two times, therefore meaning the functional relationship is established. Figure 2, a graph that shows the A-B-A-B Reversal Design that has a pair of the baseline and the treatment. Variations of the A-B-A-B design exist, such as the implementation of a second  GRAPHING BEHAVIOR & 10 MEASURING CHANGE MULTIPLE BASELINE DESIGN Multiple Baseline Designs are used when; a. the researcher is interested in the same target behaviour exhibited by multiple subjects. b. the researcher has targeted more than one behaviour of the same subject c. the researcher is measuring a subject’s behaviour across two or more settings The Multiple Baseline Design is divided into three Figure 3, showing the multiple baseline design about the amount of studying between two students which shows the multiple-baseline-across-subjects design. categories which are; a. the multiple-baseline-across- subjects design b. the multiple-baseline-across-behaviours design c. the multiple-baseline-across-settings-design  GRAPHING BEHAVIOR & 11 MEASURING CHANGE ALTERNATING-TREAT MENTS DESIGN The Alternating-treatments design, is a multi-component design that differs from the other presented designs, wherein the baselines and treatments done in rapid succession. The procedure of the alternating-treatments design also Figure 4, showing the alternating-treatments design showing two graphing lines signifying the baseline and the treatments. differs from the other designs, where the baseline and the treatment happen sequentially.  GRAPHING BEHAVIOR & 12 MEASURING CHANGE CHANGING-CRITERION DESIGN The changing-criterion design is almost the same as the AB design, but within the treatment phase, sequential performance criteria are specified; that is, successive goal levels for the target behaviour specify how much the target behaviour should change during the treatment. Figure 5, showing the changing-criterion design wherein two or more behacioural contracts. The efficacy of the treatment is shown when the behaviour changes through all  QUIZ Identification Type 1.What is the visual representation of data? 2.The term for the phase BEFORE the treatment 3.The term for the phase WHILST administering the treatment 4.Where is the data inputted before being translated into a graph? 5.What kind of graph is used in Behavior Analysis? 6-10. Give five of the six components of the graph in any order. 11. What is the other term for the x-axis? 12. What is the other term for the y-axis? 13. What application is most prominently used to interpret data? 14-17. Give the four research designs in any order. THANK YOU! Presentation by: Ramos, Juan Miguel T.