globalization.pptx

GLOBALIZATION VARIOUS DEFINITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION For the Economist Increased free trade Speed of trade Global Economic Organizations Regional Economic Blocks  For culture and communication Global village Communications technology as shrinking our world Cultural im...

GLOBALIZATION VARIOUS DEFINITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION For the Economist Increased free trade Speed of trade Global Economic Organizations Regional Economic Blocks  For culture and communication Global village Communications technology as shrinking our world Cultural imperialism  The need for an interdisciplinary approach “We need to transcend our disciplinary boundaries” WORKING DEFINITION OF GLOBALIZATION “Globalization refers to the expansion and intensification of social relations and consciousness across world-time and world-space.” -Steger  Expansion and Intensification Increasing liquidity and growing multi-directional flows as well. Liquidity Increases the ease of movement of people, things, information, and places in the global age. INTENSIFICATION AND ACCELERATION OF SOCIAL EXCHANGES ND ACTIVITIES From snail mail to Facebook Live television Increased Travel (Cheap flights) OCCURS SUBJECTIVELY We think about the world We associate ourselves with the global trends We feel some sense of responsibility (Climate Change)(Basis for Globalization) METAPHOR OF GLOBALIZATION (LIQUID) “Liquid Phenomena not only move easily. But once they are on the move, they are difficult to stop. Various forms of connectivity THEY ARE DIVERSE( CAN BE ECONOMIC, POLITICAL, AND CULTURAL) THEY ARE ENABLE BY VARIOUS FACTORS, PRESSURES, MEDIA AND ETC. THEY ARE UNEVEN (DIFFERENT TYPES OF INTERCONNECTION) EXPANSION AND STRETCHING OF SOCIAL RELATIONS NGOs FRIENSHIP / RELATIONSHIP GOVERNMENT ASSOCIATIONS MNCS- MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS  Main objective of the study of Globalization: THINK GLOBALLY AND ACT LOCALLY! So, knowledge about globalization is an important part of your academic knowledge! THE NATURE OF GLOBALIZATION TILL 19TH CENTURY “GLOBAL” MEANT “SPHERICAL” AT THE END OF 19TH CENTURY “GLOBAL’ MEANT ‘ THE WORLD WORLD” 20th century “global” - “definition of capacity and dissemination of events and processes”  SOME SPECIAL FEATURES OF GLOBALIZATION IN PRESENT DAYS Growing interdependence of all processes Establishment of a global financial-economic area Information Technologies Change in the state’s functions – vanishing of the national borders Universality of the world – dissemination of the democratic system and socio-cultural valueS  INFLUENCE OF GLOBALIZATION ON DIFFERENT SPHERES OF LIFE Economic – the trade roads were built; global companies started their functions; global economy and finance systems were created. Political – tribes transformed into peoples, nations, and states formed, after that, regional unions and, finally, international governance authorities. Geographical – the great migration of peoples started, new lands were founded, and empires were created. Ideological – unified social ideas spread on huge territories Informational –speech and writing were created, after that, literature, finally, mass media and the Internet WHY HAVE NOT ALL COUNTRIES BENEFITED TO THE SAME EXTENT FROM GLOBALIZATION? Countries that do not have strong institutional frameworks, as well as solid social policies and networks to cope with negative externalities, most suffer the negative effects of globalization. External factors, such as the global trading environment, is crucial in creating greater opportunities or in posing constraints on a country’s economic growth. REGIONALISM Regionalism originated along with globalization and approximately at the same time. Factors leading to the formation of regional structures during ages: Political; Geographical; Religious; Military and defense; Economical. NEW WAVE OF REGIONAL STRUCTURES IN EUROPE: 1948 – Organization for European Economic Cooperation; 1950 – European Coal and steel Community; 1957 – European Economic Community; 1959 – European Free Trade Association 1949 – 1991 – Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (socialist countries)  Economic regional structures with mutual political, social or military and strategic goals: EU- EUROPEAN UNION ASEAN- ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATIONS NAFTA- NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT These regional structures became even more closed with very clear mutual economic, social, cultural, and educational relations. They form the new structure of the world ECONOMICAL ASPECTS: Similar economic development; Common priorities; Forming common economic model; Regional competitiveness and comparative advantages in a global arena; Common reaction to the risks of the environment