Global Divides: The North and The South PDF

 p 5 ou gr Global Divides: The North and the South L ea r ning Obj ec At the end oftthe expected to: iv es : discussion, the students are 1.Understand the idea of "Global South" 2.Differentiate the Global So...

 p 5 ou gr Global Divides: The North and the South L ea r ning Obj ec At the end oftthe expected to: iv es : discussion, the students are 1.Understand the idea of "Global South" 2.Differentiate the Global South from the Third World 3.To analyze diff erent lenses of global relations  FILIPINOSARE OBVIOUSLY COFFEE LOVERS STARBU UCC FIGA CK S COFFEE RO COFFEE SEATTLE'S TEA BEST BEAN LEAF This is why globalization is viewed as a process that presents two sides- GOOD or BAD, and CONCEPTUALI GLOBAL ZING SOUTH The idea of a global South is associated with the development gaps observed among states. It is a social and political move against global inequalities which often lead to categorizing states as developed and developing for the First and Third w orld.  Conc eptualizing Global "Third World" South "Third Worldism" Used by those who criticize cold Linked to being 'non- aligned' of w ar- era politics. these countries but eventually the Pertains to the parts of the world term was abandoned as the Soviet that did not fall into the capitalist Bloc or the 'Second World' (also called 'First World') or the collapsed. communist (termed as 'Second When the Global financial crisis hit World') during the Cold War. most of the European countries in 2007, Greece in particular, experienced what underdeveloped countries in global South have.  Thir d versu Wor l GL OBAL s d S OUTH THIRD vs Gl oba l. WORL D Emerged after S out Not a h World War designatio directional Cold war II term n Developed by forGlobal notion of the South were Countries solidarity because they all States in Global South united freedom and common experience: value has human universal COLONIZATION Reconstructed rights Made to avoid politic world ranking > First giving Second, Third s Second > (First, (Capitalist) > Third (Non- World) (Communist) aligned)  THE NORTH- SOUTH DIVIDE  GLOBAL GLOBAL SOUTH NORTH Not a All members of G8 (Group of 8) directional Africa, Latin America, and - USA - United Kingdom designation Developing Asia including - Japan - Germany Middle East - Russia - France - Italy - Canada Four of P5 (Permanent Members of Security Council) - France - UK - Russia - USA USA, Canada, Western Europe, Developed Parts of Asia, Australia, and New Zealand  GLOBAL GLOBAL SOUTH NORTH Not a Rich, industrialized, Developing directional Nations wealthy nations designation Non-Democratic Countries Democratic, Capitalist War, conflict, poverty, Countries tyranny, less technological Established wealth, advancement, unstable technological advancement, government political stability, zero Source of raw materials of population growth, dominant the Global North in world trade and politics Natural resources are First World & Second exploited World Countries by First World Countries Third World Countries Colonized Countries Another way of classifying state as either DEVELOPED or UNDERDEVELOPED according to UN (1993): HUMAN Not a directional DEVEL OPMEdesNignTat ion INDICATORS Life Food (HDI) Expectancy Jobs Health Profile Crime Education Personal Distress Literacy Career/Jobs Fuel Political Sanitation Participation Shelter HUMAN DEVEL OPMENT INDICATORS (HDI) Not a designatio directional n Top Ten and Bottom Ten Countries in Terms of HDI Rankings (UN Development Report 2010) Not a directional TOP designation 1. BOTTOM 1. 2. Norway 2. Burkina Mali 3. New Australia 3. Faso 4. Zealand 4. Liberia 5. USA 5. Guinea- Chad 6. Ireland 6. Bissau 7. Lichtenstein 7. Mozambique 8. Netherlands 8. Burundi 9. Canada 9. Niger 10. Sweden 10. Congo Germany Mozambique B r a n d t l i n e (Developed by Willy Visual depiction of North-South Divide Brandt, 1980) Geographical split showing rich and poor nations Not a designatio directional n MAJ OR LENS O ES GLOBALIZATI F ON  MAJOR LENSES OF GLOBALIZATION REAL IS M Realist UNEVEN, vision is PESSIMISTIC, ie. HIGHLY i and international system s CONFLICTUAL power struggle which based frommarked how by the human nature is being characterized; selfi shness and greed. In interpreting the concept of 'North- South divide', realists postulate that the states in the global North and interacting with the countries in the global South in order to promote their very own interest.  MAJOR LENSES OF Liberals and constructivist have GLOBALIZATION almost the same assumptions. Liberals are opposites of LIBERALISM/CONSTRUCTIVISM realism. L iberals assum e that through trade and econom ic interdependence, division and war are less likely to happen. On the other hand, constructivists also convey cooperation, trust and peace among international actors.  Cr it ic a l per s pec t iv es : Marxism and Post Modernism MARXI SM Refers to the body of thought associated with and inspired by the works of: Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Regarded as the principle alternative to mainstream perspectives of r x realism and liberalism. ich engels rl ma dr ka e f ri It suggests inequalities in global system. The playing fi eld or the economic structure in Marxism is inherently uneven and further complicated by the impact of globalization. POST MODERNISM Postmodernist debunks the ideas of hierarchy, dogmas or existing structures in global relations. Represented by the writings of Michel Foucault, postmodernism is believed to be based on the belief that el mich fouc truth is aiways contested and plural. au lt The use of language is referred as 'idea of discourse power'-human interactions which can disclose or illustrate power relations (Heywood, 2011). Major Lenses of International Relations Not a directional designation LIBERALIS REALIS CONSTRUCTIV M M/ ISM NORTH vs. SOUTH MARXISM POST MODERNISM THANK YOU!