GIHEPL4 ClinImplicViralInfectsBowelHH24StudwithPS-2 PDF

ADENOVIRUS Double-stranded DNA virus > 40 serotypes Most adenoviruses multiply in GIT & can be found in faeces – Generally asymptomatic Transmission by: – faecal-oral route – respiratory route – direct inoculation Clinical infection:...

ADENOVIRUS Double-stranded DNA virus > 40 serotypes Most adenoviruses multiply in GIT & can be found in faeces – Generally asymptomatic Transmission by: – faecal-oral route – respiratory route – direct inoculation Clinical infection: Infantile diarrhoea – watery diarrhoea and fever lasting up to 2 weeks Respiratory infection (common), meningitis, conjunctivitis  SUMMARY POINTS 1. Polio remains important in low-income countries but can be prevented/eradicated by vaccination 2. Enteroviruses cause a variety of illnesses, including meningitis, especially during childhood, but most are minor & self-limiting 3. Rotavirus is a major cause of diarrhoea amongst infants & for which there is a vaccine 4. Norovirus causes sporadic & epidemic diarrhoea & vomiting in hospitals & the community  CLINICAL VIGNETTE On a Thursday afternoon, over a period of 3 hours, four hospital patients develop vomiting followed later by diarrhoea One of the patients is on co-amoxiclav for a urinary tract infection Later, a staff nurse goes off sick with similar symptoms. WHAT IS THE LIKELY CAUSE OF THIS? HOW MIGHT IT HAVE BEEN ACQUIRED? HOW DO YOU TREAT THE PATIENTS & THE NURSE? WHAT MEASURES SHOULD BE TAKEN TO PREVENT ONWARD SPREAD?