Genetics PDF
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Uploaded by TriumphalParadise3822
City of San Jose del Monte National Science High School
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Summary
This document discusses various concepts in genetics, including sex determination, sex-linked inheritance, and different types of inheritance patterns. It explains the inheritance of traits and disorders, such as hemophilia and vitamin D resistant rickets, using diagrams and examples. The material appears to be a set of study notes or a textbook section focusing on biology.
Full Transcript
**GENETICS** **Sex Determination** - - - - **Sex-linked Inheritance** - - - - - -   **Sex-linked Disorder** - - - - **EXAMPLES OF SEX-LINKED TRAITS and DISORDERS** - **Note:** - - - - **EXAMPLE:** Hemo...
**GENETICS** **Sex Determination** - - - - **Sex-linked Inheritance** - - - - - -   **Sex-linked Disorder** - - - - **EXAMPLES OF SEX-LINKED TRAITS and DISORDERS** - **Note:** - - - - **EXAMPLE:** Hemophilia is a recessive X-linked trait. What is the probability of a couple having a hemophiliac child if the man does not have hemophilia and the woman is a carrier? **Pattern of Inheritance**  ***Squares represent males and circles females. A coloured in shape means that person has the trait in question. A half coloured in shape means that they are carrying an allele for a recessive trait.*** **Pedigree** - - *Chart showing genetic relationships between members of a family Squares represent males, circles females Colour shows infected person, ½ shaded shows carrier* **Autosomal Dominant Inheritance** - -  1\. Every affected person should have at least one affected parent. 2\. Males and females should be equally often affected. 3\. An affected person has at least a 50% chance of transmitting the dominant allele to each offspring. **Autosomal Dominant Inheritance\ Examples** - - **Autosomal Recessive Inheritance** - 1\. An affected person may not have affected parents. Parents would be carriers. 2\. Affects both sexes equally. Can appear to skip generations. 3\. Two affected parents will have affected children 100% of the time. **Autosomal Recessive Examples** - - **Codominant Inheritance** - - - - **X -- linked Recessive Inheritance** -  Hemophilia which is the inability of the blood to clot properly. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy which causes progressive and degenerative muscle weakness. **X -- Linked Dominant Inheritance** - 1\. Twice as many females are affected as males. 2\. Usually half the children of an affected female will be affected, regardless of sex. 3\. All the daughters of an affected male will be affected but none of the sons. **Example** Vitamin D resistant rickets which can lead to bone deformities, particularly in the lower limbs (bowed legs). **Sex-Limited Traits** - - - -  **Sex-influenced traits** - - - - 
