General Chemistry 1 Lesson: The Particulate Nature of Matter PDF

CONCORDIA COLLEGE, INC. Integrated Basic Education Department Sciencia et Virtus. Veritas et Vita.  LESSON 2.1: THE PARTICULATE NATURE OF MATTER Prepared by: MR. KLYDE ELMARC F. GALANTA Faculty, Integrated Basic Education Department...

CONCORDIA COLLEGE, INC. Integrated Basic Education Department Sciencia et Virtus. Veritas et Vita.  LESSON 2.1: THE PARTICULATE NATURE OF MATTER Prepared by: MR. KLYDE ELMARC F. GALANTA Faculty, Integrated Basic Education Department [email protected] CONCORDIA COLLEGE, INC. Integrated Basic Education Department LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. describe the ancient views on matter; 2. discuss the main ideas in the particle nature of matter. 3. describe each state of matter based on the arrangement, relative spacing, and relative motion of their particles. What is matter, and what is your understanding of it? 5 MATTER ▪ Matter is anything that has mass and volume. ▪ Ancient Greek philosophers were the first to speculate the nature of matter. ▪ They only speculated on the nature of materials around them as they were not able to conduct experiments that will validate their assumptions. ANCIENT VIEWS ON MATTER Materials are made up of one primal matter. Empedoclean Elements ANCIENT VIEWS ON MATTER ▪ Aristotle suggested that all space is filled up with matter, thus, implying that there are no empty spaces. ▪ He described each element as a balance between two qualities. ANCIENT VIEWS ON MATTER ▪ Leucippus and Democritus thought that all materials are made up of tiny bits of matter which cannot be divided further. ▪ Greeks referred to this as atom. Democritus’ view of matter How do ancient philosophers view matter? 10 MATTER Discontinuity of Matter: Matter is made up of particles instead of a primal material. Main ideas 1. Matter is composed of discrete particles. 2. There is an empty space between particles of matter. 3. The particles of matter are in constant motion. How can we determine if an object is solid, liquid, or gas based on particles? 13 1. DISCRETE PARTICLES OF MATTER A block of wood (left) can be easily observed as hard, and based on its internal composition, it is made up of compact particles (right). Between Aristotle and Democritus and Leucippus, who is correct about empty spaces and voids? 15 2. EMPTY SPACE BETWEEN PARTICLES The particles that make up matter have spaces in between them. These spaces may be little or huge, depending on the kind Food coloring spreads out in water. of matter. 3. MOTION OF PARTICLES The spaces between particles dictate the kind of movement that particles in matter can do. Particles that are close to one another (left) move in vibratory motion while particles that are far apart (right) move fast and in random directions. 3. MOTION OF PARTICLES As the temperature increases, particles gain kinetic energy which results in their fast movement. PARTICULATE NATURE OF THE THREE STATES OF MATTER Particulate drawings of solid, liquid, and gas PARTICULATE NATURE OF THE THREE STATES OF MATTER Solids are like military units. PARTICULATE NATURE OF THE THREE STATES OF MATTER Liquids are like people in a reunion party. PARTICULATE NATURE OF THE THREE STATES OF MATTER How does the arrangement of particles in gases similar to a soccer ball game? PARTICULATE NATURE OF THE THREE STATES OF MATTER