GEN 013 Day 18 TG PDF

GEN 013: People and the Earth's Ecosystems Module #18 Teacher’s Guide Name: _________________________________________________________________ Class number: _______ Section: ____________ Schedul...

GEN 013: People and the Earth's Ecosystems Module #18 Teacher’s Guide Name: _________________________________________________________________ Class number: _______ Section: ____________ Schedule: ________________________________________ Date: ________________ Lesson title: Effect of biodiversity loss Materials: Learning Targets: SAS, At the end of the module, students will be able to: 1. Explain the causes of biodiversity loss References: 2. Explain how the disappearance of one species affects https://www.britannica.com/study/learn other species. -about-the-causes-of-biodiversity-loss 1. A. LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW Introduction Hello, PHINMA Ed students! Welcome to GEN 013! B.MAIN LESSON Content and Skill-Building Biodiversity loss is caused by five primary drivers: habitat loss, invasive species, overexploitation (extreme hunting and fishing pressure), pollution, climate change associated with global warming. In each case, human beings and their activities play direct roles. Even though species loss, whether from a single area or from the planet as a whole, results from natural causes (such as disease, natural disasters, and competition with other species over resources), the effects of humans and their activities have come to far outweigh those caused by nature. In addition, each primary driver (or cause) of biodiversity loss is influenced by three factors: human exponential population growth, increased consumption as each person strives for a more affluent lifestyle, and reduced resource efficiency. This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION  GEN 013: People and the Earth's Ecosystems Module #18 Teacher’s Guide Name: _________________________________________________________________ Class number: _______ Section: ____________ Schedule: ________________________________________ Date: ________________ Primary drivers of diversity loss 1. Habitat loss- thinning, or outright destruction of an ecosystem’s plant, soil, hydrologic, and nutrient resources 2. Invasive species- any nonnative species that significantly modifies or disrupt the ecosystems it colonizes. 3. Overexploitation- Process of harvesting too many aquatic or terrestrial animals, which depletes the stock of some species while driving others extinction. 4. Pollution- Addition of any substance or any form of energy to the environment at a rate faster than it can be rendered harmless. 5. Climate change associate with global warming- Modification of earth’s climate associated with rising levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere over the past one to two centuries Human is considered as influencer because, human population, increasing consumption, and reduced resources efficiency. Here are the other causes of biodiversity loss. 1. BIODIVERSITY LOSS IS CAUSED BY HABITAT LOSS Habitat loss is the thinning, fragmenting, or outright destruction of an ecosystem’s plant, soil, hydrologic, and nutrient resources. 2. BIODIVERSITY LOSS IS CAUSED BY INVASIVE SPECIES. An invasive species is any non-native species that significantly modifies or disrupts the ecosystems it colonizes. Invasive species can disrupt ecosystems because they are better competitors than native species; they may consume food resources more rapidly or more efficiently or take over habitats faster than native species can adapt to the new changes. 3. BIODIVERSITY LOSS IS CAUSED BY OVEREXPLOITATION. Overexploitation (overhunting and overfishing) is the process of harvesting too many aquatic or terrestrial animals, which depletes the stocks of some species while driving others to extinction. 4. BIODIVERSITY LOSS IS CAUSED BY POLLUTION. Pollution is the addition of unneeded or harmful nutrients or substances to an ecosystem. In a polluted area the quality of food, water, or other habitat resources declines, sometimes to the point where some species must move away or perish if the pressure is too great. This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION  GEN 013: People and the Earth's Ecosystems Module #18 Teacher’s Guide Name: _________________________________________________________________ Class number: _______ Section: ____________ Schedule: ________________________________________ Date: ________________ 6. BIODIVERSITY LOSS IS CAUSED BY CLIMATE CHANGE ASSOCIATED WITH GLOBAL WARMING. With more heat available, once reliable temperature and rainfall patterns change, upsetting the natural order of breeding and resource availability. Also, ecosystems that rely on the presence of ice shrink as melting breaks them down. Global warming itself does not necessarily produce biodiversity loss, but climatic changes (some of which are sudden and drastic) can modify ecosystems and the expectations of the species within them significantly. A healthy biodiversity offers many natural services Ecosystem services, such as ▪ Protection of water resources ▪ Soils formation and protection ▪ Nutrient storage and recycling ▪ Pollution breakdown and absorption ▪ Contribution to climate stability ▪ Maintenance of ecosystem ▪ Recovery from unpredictable events biological resources, such as o Food o Medical resources and pharmaceutical drugs o Wood product o Ornamental plants o Breeding stocks, population reservoir o Future resources o Diversity genes, species and ecosystems ▪ Social benefits, such as o Research, education and monitoring o Recreation and tourism o Cultural values Species depend on each other While there might be survival of the fittest within a given species, each species depends on the services provided by other species to ensure survival. It is a type of cooperation based on mutual survival and is often what a balanced ecosystem refers to. This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION  GEN 013: People and the Earth's Ecosystems Module #18 Teacher’s Guide Name: _________________________________________________________________ Class number: _______ Section: ____________ Schedule: ________________________________________ Date: ________________ Check for Understanding Direction: Write the letter of the correct answer. Use the space before the number. ____1. There are many causes of ___________, including land conversion for development from growing populations, mining for materials, harvesting lumber for paper products and, of course, agriculture. A. Habitat loss C. Overexploitation B. Invasive species D. Pollution ____2. _____________________ is an introduced organism that becomes overpopulated and harms its new environment. A. Habitat loss C. Overexploitation B. Invasive species D. Pollution 3. It is the presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance or thing that has harmful or poisonous effects A. Habitat loss C. Overexploitation B. Invasive species D. Pollution 4. It refers to the rise in global temperatures due mainly to the increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere A. Global Warming C. Overexploitation C. Climate Change D. Pollution 5. It also called overharvesting, refers to harvesting a renewable resource to the point of diminishing returns. A. Global Warming C. Overexploitation B. Climate Change D. Pollution 6. It refers to the increasing changes in the measures of climate over a long period of time – including precipitation, temperature, and wind patterns. A. Global Warming C. Overexploitation B. Climate Change D. Pollution 7. Greenhouse gases can lead the habitat to worse environment and may affect the biodiversity. A. BIODIVERSITY LOSS IS CAUSED BY C. BIODIVERSITY LOSS IS CAUSED BY OVEREXPLOITATION POLLUTION B. BIODIVERSITY LOSS IS CAUSED BY D. BIODIVERSITY LOSS IS CAUSED BY POLLUTION INVASIVE SPECIES This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION  GEN 013: People and the Earth's Ecosystems Module #18 Teacher’s Guide Name: _________________________________________________________________ Class number: _______ Section: ____________ Schedule: ________________________________________ Date: ________________ 8. The healthy biodiversity offers many natural services, Except. A. Soils formation and protection C. Human Popularity B. Contribution to climate stability D. Cultural values 9. ___________________ is the addition of unneeded or harmful nutrients or substances to an ecosystem A. Chemical substance C. Pollution B. organic element D. SMOG 10. Biodiversity is a measure of ____________ at the genetic, species, and ecosystem level. C. Species C. Relatives D. Variation D. Blood C. LESSON WRAP-UP Summary Direction: You are done with the session! Now let me know how much have you learned from the lesson today by answering the 3 questions below. 1. Three things you learned: ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Two things that you’d like to learn more about: ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. One question you still have: ________________________________________________________________________________________ Thinking about Learning Direction: Answer the question briefly. Use the concept notes to support your answer 1. How biodiversity become solution to climate change? Sight examples. ___________________________________________________________________________________ This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION  GEN 013: People and the Earth's Ecosystems Module #18 Teacher’s Guide Name: _________________________________________________________________ Class number: _______ Section: ____________ Schedule: ________________________________________ Date: ________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Why biodiversity affects the stability of the food chain? ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Answer Key Check for understanding 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. C 11. C 12. D Think about learning 1. Forests, wetland and other healthy ecosystems provide crucial buffers to extreme storms and flooding related to climate change. These ecosystems are complex, which means they function best, and are more resilient to the effects of climate change, when all the pieces of the ecosystem are in place meaning the biodiversity is intact. For a relatively small investment, high-biodiversity forests and other ecosystems can be conserved and restored as a powerful means to rein in climate change while also helping communities cope with associated storms, flooding and other impacts. 2. Biodiversity is important to the stability of food webs because it increases the complexity of interactions between organisms and makes them better This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION