GE-1-PRELIM_LESSON-1-WEEK-2.pptx

SOCIAL, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND OTHER LIFE FACTORS (S.E.L.F) GE 1_WEEK 2 OBJECTIV  Determine the different factors that contribute to one’s being ES  Evaluate the impact of these factors through self-appraisal  Synthesize the...

SOCIAL, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND OTHER LIFE FACTORS (S.E.L.F) GE 1_WEEK 2 OBJECTIV  Determine the different factors that contribute to one’s being ES  Evaluate the impact of these factors through self-appraisal  Synthesize the influence of the factors of the self through a group assessment  OVERVIEW OF SELF/IDENTITY The self as topic that is often talked about but largely goes unnoticed. The self, noticeably, composes both the I as an actor and me as the object. The focus on the self is even more evident in the functional word variations of I and me used in everyday language, depending on the purpose (e.g., my, mine, myself).  The Most Prevalent Issues on Self  Nature vs. Nurture  Identity vs. Self  Dimensions of the self Nature vs. Nurture One of the oldest arguments in the history of psychology is the Nature vs Nurture debate. Each of these sides have good points that it's really hard to decide whether a person's development is predisposed in his DNA, or a majority of it is influenced by this life experiences and his environment. What is Nature? Biological sciences explained that our traits are passed on to humanity from one generation to another, and these transmitted traits served as a blueprint of our self and make us predispose to certain self-expressions (e.g., attitude, behavior, tendencies, etc.). Here, the self is being studied structurally and functionally, from the molecular level to the entirety of human physiological systems.  Genetics for example contributed so much information about the descriptions of the self. This field of biology primarily deals with the study of heredity (transmission of traits and characteristics from generation to another) as a process, as well as on the characterizations (similarities and differences) of organisms. What is Nurture? The nurture theory holds that genetic influence over abstract traits may exist; however, the environmental factors are the real origins of our behavior. This includes the use of conditioning in order to induce a new behavior to a child, or alter an unlikely behavior being shown by the child. According to John Watson, one of the strongest psychologists who propose environmental learning as a dominating side in the nature vs nurture debate, once said that he can be able to train a baby randomly chosen in a group of 12 infants, to become any type of specialist Watson wants.  Jhon Watson stated that he could train him to be such regardless of the child's potentialities, talents and race. Although it is true that fraternal twins raised apart have remarkable similarities in most respects, still the intervention of the environment have caused several differences in the way they behave.  According to Lynch, in context, nature refers to biological/genetic predispositions’ impact on human traits, and nurture describes the influence of learning and other influences from one’s environment. The debate over whether the strengths and weaknesses of people are the result of nature or nurture has, and somewhat continues to rage on between scholars and lay people alike. This debate has had significant social implications, particularly concerning what are thought to determine people’s ability to learn/intelligence. Identity vs. Self  Self concept - is a general term used to refer to how someone thinks about, evaluates or perceives themselves. To be aware of oneself is to have a concept of oneself. “ The individual's belief about himself or herself, including the person's attributes and who and what the self is". (Baumeister (1999) )  Self-esteem is an individual's subjective evaluation of their own worth. It encompasses beliefs about oneself.  Self-knowledge refers to knowledge of one's own mental states, processes, and dispositions. Most agree it involves a capacity for understanding the representational properties of mental states and their role in shaping behavior. The Self The Self is our personal knowledge of who we are, encompassing all of our thoughts and feelings about ourselves physically, personally, and socially. Self also includes our knowledge of how we behave, our capabilities, and our individual characteristics. Our concept of the self develops most rapidly during early childhood and adolescence, but self-concept continues to form and change over time as we learn more about ourselves. Self : Based on lexical definition,, Self "is the person that someone normally or truly is". What is Identity? Identity includes the many relationships people cultivate, such as their identity as a child, friend, partner, and parent. It involves external characteristics over which a person has little or no control, such as height, race, or socioeconomic class. Identity also encompasses political opinions, moral attitudes, and religious beliefs, all of which guide the choices one makes on a daily basis.  People who are overly concerned with the impression they make, or who feel a core aspect of themselves, such as gender or sexuality, is not being expressed, can struggle acutely with their identity. Reflecting on the discrepancy between who one is and who one wants to be can be a powerful catalyst for change. Identity encompasses the values people hold, which dictate the choices they make. An identity contains multiple roles—such as a mother, teacher, and U.S. citizen—and each role holds meaning and expectations that are internalized into one’s identity. Identity continues to evolve over the course of an individual’s life. Dimensionaliti es of the Self/Identity Dimensionalities of the Self/Identity  The identity of a person is highlighted by a dominant trait that makes him or her distinguishable from others.  The identity of a person can be best depicted using certain traits that would set him or her apart from others. Unfortunately, you will fin it difficult to describe a person who belongs to the so-called “average”. Average – connotes that one is just like everybody else in the group. SOCIAL FACTOR  An agent of one’s being  Refers to the influence of significant people in one’s life.  It’s primarily includes the family.  Family- is where most of the basic attitudinal and behavioral attributes of individuals are shaped. And also referred by many social scientists as the “nursery of human nature” Personality  Is the individual’s pattern of thinking, feeling, and behaving. Identity  Refers to the sets of characteristics that make one a distinct individual.  The influential groups shape one’s identity through modeling, imitation, and trait integration. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR  Broadly includes the physical and communal elements present in everyday surroundings and is invariably dealt in a specific geographic region or area.  This factor covers not only the physical properties of the surroundings but also the larger society or community, as well as the expectation and norms operating in that particular locality or place. HEREDITARY FACTOR  Heredity is a biological process by which certain traits and characteristics are passed from one generation to another.  Can be referred to as the non-negotiable factor.  It readily dictates one’s physical attributes, some cognitive traits, and some other personal characteristics upon birth. PERSON-VOLITION FACTOR  Refers to the inclination of a person to form and construct a specific identity that will set him apart from others.  Such a factor emanates from within the mentality of an individual, brought about by their aggregated social-life experience.  Social scientist like sociologist may refer to a person exhibiting a person-volition factor as a deviant or non- conformist.