G9 Science Q3 Week 4/5 Factors Affecting Climate PDF

THE FACTORS THAT AFFECT CLIMATE S9ES -IIIE - 30 Explain how different factors affect the climate of an area Identify six factors that affect climate and explain how each affects climate.  How does latitude affect climate? As latitude ________, increa...

THE FACTORS THAT AFFECT CLIMATE S9ES -IIIE - 30 Explain how different factors affect the climate of an area Identify six factors that affect climate and explain how each affects climate.  How does latitude affect climate? As latitude ________, increases the average decreases annual temperature _________. Temperature 0° Latitude 90° TYPES OF CLIMATE Tropical Zone – region between 23.5º north and 23.5º south of the equator; sun’s rays are most intense; generally warm year-round. is characterized by high temperatures during all 12 months of the year, with an average temperatures of more than 64 degrees Fahrenheit or 18 degrees Celsius.  TYPES OF CLIMATE Dry/ Arid Climates is characterized by a deficient amount of precipitation throughout the year. Dry climates include deserts, such as the Sahara.  TYPES OF CLIMATE Temperate Zone – region located between 23.5º and 66.5º north and south of the equator; sun’s rays strike Earth at a smaller angle; hot summers and cold winters recognized as moderate or temperate climates, has temperatures higher than 50 degrees Fahrenheit or 10 degrees Celsius during warm months, and temperatures higher than 27 Fahrenheit or 3 degrees Celsius during cold months. Temperate climates have warm summers and mild winters.  TYPES OF CLIMATE Polar Zone – the region between 66.5º north and south of the equator and the poles; sun’s rays strike at a very low angle; experience cold temperatures year-round has extremely cold summers and extremely cold winters. Polar climates include Antarctica and the North Pole. Large bodies of water such as lakes and oceans have an important effect on the temperature of an area because the temperature of the water body influences the temperature of the air above it. Places downwind of a large body of water generally have cooler summers and milder winters than places at the same latitude that are farther inland  How does closeness to a large body of water affect climate? moderates the temperature. Water __________ Cooler summers. _______ _______ Warmer winters. Cities A & B are located at the same latitude. City B is closer to a large body of water. Its temperature line is flatter (moderated). Topography  TOPOGRAPHY Topographic features such as mountains play an important role in the amount of precipitation that falls over an area Heavy precipitation often falls on the windward side of mountains By the time the air reaches the leeward side, much of the moisture is lost (rain shadow) Rain shadows can extend for hundreds of kilometers downwind of a mountain range  How does the Orographic Effect affect climate? cool, moist Windward Side: ___________ warm, dry Leeward Side: _____________  Elevation Air temperature decreases with elevation by an average of ~6.5º every 1000 meters The higher the elevation is, the colder the climate The elevation of an area also determines the amount of precipitation it receives  How does elevation affect climate? increases the average As elevation _________, annual temperature __________. decreases Temperature Elevation  ATMOSPHERIC Global CIRCULATION winds are another factor that influences climate because they distribute heat and moisture around Earth Winds are constantly moving warm air toward the poles and cool air toward the equator The low-pressure zones at the equator and subpolar regions lead to the formation of clouds and precipitation  VEGETATION The types of plants that grow in a region depend on climate and affect climate Vegetation can affect both temperature and precipitation patterns in an area Vegetation influences how much of the sun’s energy is absorbed and how quickly this energy is released (influences temperature) During a process called transpiration, plants release water vapor from their leaves into the air (influences precipitation) Content, images, text, etc. used belong to the rightful owner. No copyright infringement intended.