G5 Chapter 7 Research Questions & Hypotheses PDF
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This document describes various approaches for formulating research questions, particularly emphasizing distinctions between qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods research approaches. It details types of research questions, the importance of hypotheses, and methods of addressing variables, such as independent, dependent and moderating variables.
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CHAPTER 7 RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND HYPOTHESES Group 5 PURPOSE OF THE CHAPTER Establishes the central intent for the study. Introduces research questions and hypotheses as signposts for readers PRINCIPLES Two Forms...
CHAPTER 7 RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND HYPOTHESES Group 5 PURPOSE OF THE CHAPTER Establishes the central intent for the study. Introduces research questions and hypotheses as signposts for readers PRINCIPLES Two Forms of research questions: Central Questions and Associated Subquestions. Central question: a broad inquiry into the central phenomenon or concept of the study. Guidelines for writing qualitative research questions: Limit subquestions to five to seven in addition to the central question. Relate central question to the specific qualitative strategy of inquiry. Begin research questions with 'what' or 'how' for an open and emerging design. Focus on a single phenomenon or concept for detailed exploration. Use exploratory verbs to convey the language of emerging design. Expect research questions to evolve and change during the study. Use open-ended questions without reference to literature or theory unless specified by the qualitative strategy of inquiry. Specify participants and research site in the central question. DESIGNING QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH QUESTIONS Writting quatintitative research questions: Formulate hypotheses that can be tested through statistical analysis. Ensure the questions are clear, specific, and measurable. Use variables to establish relationships and predict outcomes. Consider the research design and methodology when framing questions. IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH QUESTIONS Narrowing the Purpose Statement: Research questions and hypotheses help to focus the study. They guide the research process and inform the reader about what to expect TYPES OF QUANTITATIVE HYPOTHESES Null Alternative directional hypotheses hypotheses hypotheses Predict no Predict specific make specific relationship or outcomes based predictions like difference on literature higher scores for between groups a group nondirectional use of hypothese demographic variables Predicit diffeerences Mderating, not wihtout specifying major independent, the nature of the variables difference NON DEMOGRAPHIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES Mediating Variables These are variables that "stand between" the Independent and Dependent variables Moderating Variables Affects the influence of the Independent variable on the dependent variable MODELS FOR WRITING QUESTIONS Descriptive-Inferential Model Start with descriptive questions followed by inferential questions. Include independent, dependent, and moderating variables DESCRIPTIVE AND INFERENTIAL QUESTIONS descriptive inferential questions questions Focus on describing variables Draw inferences from a and their relationships. sample to a population. Example: "What is the Example: "How does critical relationship between critical thinking ability relate to thinking ability and student student achievement, achievement?" controlling for prior grades?" MIXED METHODS RESEARCH QUESTION AND HYPOTHESES Mixed method questions represents what the researcher needs to know about the integration or combination of the quantitative and qualitative data. A sssssssrong Mixed Method question should contain at least three research questions: The Qualitative questions - Pose broaad, general questions to allow participants to explain ideas. Begins with words like "how" or "what" and use exploratory verbs The Quantitative question or hypothesis - Includes variables that described, related, or compared with independent and dependent variables Mixed Method question - Can emphasize methods or content of the study. Directly adresses the mixing or integratioin of the quantitative and qualitative strands of the research S Qualitative research emphasizes broad questions that allow for participant expression, while quantitative U research focuses on hypotheses predicting variable relationships. M Hypotheses can be alternative or null, with a structured M approach to ordering questions enhancing clarity in research proposals. A Mixed methods research integrates qualitative and R quantitative questions, underscoring the importance of combining insights from both methodologies for a Y comprehensive understanding. THANK YOU GROUP 5
