The Scientific Revolution (1500-1780) in G3

The Scientific Revolution (1500– 1780) BATOBATO, DAVE B. CABUNCAG, CLINT AIVAN M WHO CAME FIRST The Scientific Revolution of the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries changed the way educated people looked at the world. It evolved from the Renaissance’s s...

The Scientific Revolution (1500– 1780) BATOBATO, DAVE B. CABUNCAG, CLINT AIVAN M WHO CAME FIRST The Scientific Revolution of the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries changed the way educated people looked at the world. It evolved from the Renaissance’s stress on the importance of individuals to understand the world around them, and was the key factor that The Scientific Revolution was the single most important event that fostered the creation of a new intellectual movement in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries called the Enlightenment, or, sometimes, the Age of Reason Nicholas Copernicus (1473–15 In his book On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres (not published until after his death in 1543 because he feared the ridicule of fellow astronomers), , Copernicus suggested that the sun was the center of the universe and that the earth and planets revolved in circular orbits. This Heliocentric Theory that the sun—and not the earth—was the center of the universe contradicted contemporary scientific thought and challenged the Johannes Kepler (1571–1630) A German astronomer and assistant to Brahe, used his data to support Brahe’s data and Copernicus’ idea that the planets move around the sun in elliptical, not circular, orbits. Kepler’s three laws of planetary motion were based on mathematical relationships and accurately predicted the movements of planets in a sun-centered  Galileo Galilei (1564– 1642), a Italian astronomer continued the attack on traditional views of science. Using observation rather than speculation to help him formulate ideas—such as his laws on the motion of falling bodies—Galileo established experimentation, the cornerstone of modern science. He applied experimental methods to astronomy by using Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems (1632)  Isaac Newton (1642–1727) an Englishman. In his book Principia Mathematica (1687), he integrated the ideas of Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo into one system of mathematical laws to explain the orderly manner in which the planets revolved around the sun. The key feature of his thesis was the  Scientific Method The Scientific Method was first used during the Scientific Revolution (1500- 1780). The method combined theoretical knowledge such as mathematics with practical experimentation using scientific instruments, results analysis and comparisons, and finally peer reviews, all to better determine how the world 1. Question 2. Research 3. Hypothesis 4. Test 5. Analyze 6. Conclusion Francis Bacon (1561–1626 Francis Bacon was an English politician and writer, who advocated that new knowledge had to be acquired through an inductive, or experimental, reasoning process (using specific examples to prove or draw a conclusion from a René Descartes (1596–1650) René Descartes was a French mathematician and philosopher. Like Bacon, he scorned the traditional science and broke with the past by writing the Discourse on the Method (1637) in French rather than Latin, which had been the intellectual language of the Middle Ages. Unlike Bacon,