Chapter 1 Test Bank PDF

**[Χηαπτερ 1]** **[Τεστ βανκ]** **[Θ1.ΜΧΘ:]** **1. What is the primary goal of a business?** **A. To generate profit** **B. To provide employment** **C. To satisfy customer needs** **D. To contribute to society** **2. What is the primary focus of Business Management?** A. Daily operational...

**[Χηαπτερ 1]** **[Τεστ βανκ]** **[Θ1.ΜΧΘ:]** **1. What is the primary goal of a business?** **A. To generate profit** **B. To provide employment** **C. To satisfy customer needs** **D. To contribute to society** **2. What is the primary focus of Business Management?** A. Daily operational efficiency. B. Overseeing financial transactions and records. C. Setting strategic objectives and leading the organization toward long-term goals. D. Compliance with legal regulations. **3. Role of the manager in Business Management is focused on:** **A. implementing procedures** **B. developing policies** **C. Operation plan** **D. developing and executing strategic plans.** **4. The principle of \"customer-centricity\" emphasizes:** **A. Prioritizing employee satisfaction** **B. Focusing on financial performance** **C. Meeting customer needs and expectations** **D. Adhering to ethical standards** **5. External factors that can influence a business include:** **A. Company culture** **B. Employee morale** **C. Economy** **D. Organizational structure** **6. Which of the following is an example of a SMART business objective?** A. To improve customer satisfaction. B. To launch a new product line within the next year, increasing revenue by 20%. C. To expand the business globally over time. D. To establish leadership in the industry. **7. A non-profit organization is primarily focused on:** **A. Generating profit** **B. Providing social welfare** **C. Engaging in business activities** **D. Competing in the market** **8.Which of the following best defines Business Administration?** A. Setting the long-term vision and strategy for a business. B. Managing day-to-day operations such as finance, HR, and compliance. C. Identifying and responding to market trends and customer needs. D. Developing business plans for future growth. **9.What is a key difference between Business Administration and Business Management?** A. Business Administration is more focused on leadership. B. Business Management is tactical, and Business Administration is strategic. C. Business Administration focuses on internal operations, while Business Management focuses on overall strategy. D. Business Management emphasizes human resources, while Business Administration emphasizes marketing. **10.The concept of \"corporate social responsibility.\"** **A. A company\'s commitment to ethical and sustainable practices** **B. The legal obligations of a corporation** **C. The responsibility of a company to maximize profits** **D. The relationship between a company and its shareholders** **11.A business\'s value proposition is:** **A. The price it charges for its products or services** **B. The unique value it offers to customers** **C. The profit it generates** **D. The resources it has available** **12.Which of the following is a SMART objective?** **A. To increase sales** **B. To become the best company in the industry** **C. To improve customer satisfaction** **D. To increase sales by 15% within the next quarter** **13. What is one of the primary economic goals of businesses?** a\. Creating leisure activities\ b. Generating profits\ c. Reducing workforce\ d. Conducting research for free **14. What does risk-taking in business typically involve?** a\. Ignoring market trends\ b. Taking calculated risks to achieve goals\ c. Avoiding any form of risk\ d. Investing without any planning **15. What type of resources do businesses allocate to achieve their objectives?** a. Only financial resources b. Resources that do not include time c. Money, time, and personnel d. Only physical resources **16. Why is innovation important for businesses?** a. To stay competitive, improve efficiency, and create new products or services b. To remain stagnant c. To increase employee turnover d. To reduce production **17.  What distinguishes social enterprises from other types of businesses?** a\. They do not aim to generate any revenue\ b. They combine business principles with social goals\ c. They operate solely for profits\ d. They avoid innovation **18. What does customer-centricity prioritize to build loyalty and create value?** a\. Employee needs\ b. Shareholder interests\ c. Customer needs, wants, and expectations\ d. Supplier demands **19. Which guiding principle focuses on encouraging experimentation and continuous improvement?** a\. Integrity\ b. Accountability\ c. Innovation\ d. Respect **20. How does the principle of integrity guide business conduct?** a\. By prioritizing profits over ethics\ b. By upholding high moral principles and values with honesty and transparency\ c. By avoiding risk-taking\ d. By fostering diversity and inclusion **21. According to the principles, what is the importance of respect?** a\. Treating all stakeholders with respect, dignity, and empathy\ b. Ignoring stakeholder contributions\ c. Prioritizing profits over people\ d. Avoiding open communication **22. How does collaborative leadership contribute to a positive work culture?** a\. By avoiding employee empowerment\ b. By leading by example and facilitating open communication\ c. By prioritizing hierarchical decision-making\ d. By focusing solely on individual achievements **23. What is the goal of social responsibility for businesses?** a\. Maximizing short-term profits\ b. Recognizing the organization\'s impact on society and contributing positively through corporate social responsibility initiatives\ c. Avoiding community engagement\ d. Focusing only on internal operations **24.Which of the following is a core objective related to a company\'s financial health?** a\) Customer acquisition\ b) Employee training\ c) Secure funding\ d) Improve productivity **Answer:** c) Secure funding **25. Which objective falls under the category of \"Customer Focus\"?** a\) Expand product lines\ b) Optimize processes\ c) Develop a strong company culture\ d) Provide exceptional customer service **Answer:** d) Provide exceptional customer service **26. Which objective focuses on improving operational efficiency within a company?** a\) Increase market share\ b) Secure additional funding\ c) Develop new products\ d) Reduce costs **Answer:** d) Reduce costs **27. Which objective is most closely related to creating a positive and productive work environment?** a\) Optimize processes\ b) Enter new markets\ c) Achieve profitability\ d) Recruit and retain talent **Answer:** d) Recruit and retain talent **28. Which objective focuses on adapting to future trends and staying competitive?** a\) Secure funding\ b) Customer retention\ c) Enhance quality control\ d) Embrace new technologies **Answer:** d) Embrace new technologies **29.Which of the following is a characteristic of a business goal?** a\) Specific and measurable\ b) Time-bound and realistic\ c) Actionable and detailed\ d) Broad and aspirational **Answer:** d) Broad and aspirational **30.What is the primary purpose of business objectives?** a\) To define the company\'s long-term vision\ b) To provide a roadmap for achieving goals\ c) To track the company\'s financial performance\ d) To motivate employees to work harder **Answer:** b) To provide a roadmap for achieving goals **31. Which of the following is an example of a business objective?** a\) Become a leader in the sustainable energy sector\ b) Launch a new product line by the end of the year\ c) Increase customer satisfaction\ d) Create a positive work environment **Answer:** b) Launch a new product line by the end of the year **32. What is a key benefit of defining clear business goals and objectives?** a\) Increased employee turnover\ b) Improved decision-making\ c) Reduced profitability\ d) Lowered customer satisfaction **Answer:** b) Improved decision-making **33. How do business objectives relate to business goals?** a\) Objectives are more important than goals.\ b) Objectives are a substitute for goals.\ c) Objectives are specific steps and road map towards achieving goals. d\) Objectives are not necessary for successful businesses. **Answer:** c) Objectives are specific steps towards achieving goals. **34. Which strategic consideration involves understanding customer needs, market trends, and competitors?** a\) Business Strategy\ b) Financial Planning\ c) Risk Management\ d) Market Analysis **Answer:** d) Market Analysis **35. Which external factor can significantly impact a business\'s operations?** a\) Company Culture\ b) Employee Skills\ c) Economy\ d) Organizational Structure **Answer:** c) Economy **36. What internal factor is crucial for effective business operations?** a\) Social & Cultural Trends\ b) Technology\ c) Communication & Collaboration\ d) Regulations & Laws **Answer:** c) Communication & Collaboration **37. Which key concept defines the unique value offered to customers?** a\) Competitive Advantage\ b) Customer Relationship Management (CRM)\ c) Value Proposition\ d) Innovation **Answer:** c) Value Proposition **38. Which core function is responsible for managing computer systems, networks, and data?** a\) Research & Development (R&D)\ b) Information Technology (IT)\ c) Marketing & Sales\ d) Operations **Answer:** b) Information Technology (IT) **39. Which strategic consideration focuses on identifying and mitigating potential risks?** a\) Business Strategy\ b) Market Analysis\ c) Financial Planning\ d) Risk Management **Answer:** d) Risk Management **40. Which internal factor shapes the values, beliefs, and behaviors within a company?** a\) Organizational Structure\ b) Leadership\ c) Company Culture\ d) Employee Skills & Motivation **Answer:** c) Company Culture **41. What key concept outlines how a business generates revenue and sustains itself?** a\) Value Proposition\ b) Competitive Advantage\ c) Customer Relationship Management (CRM)\ d) Business Model **Answer:** d) Business Model What are the Key differences between business administration and business management? 1. **Scope:** Business Administration focuses on the internal operations of a business, while Business Management focuses on the overall direction and strategy of the organization. 2. **Level:** Business Administration is more tactical and operational, while Business Management is more strategic and managerial. 3. **Focus:** Business Administration focuses on efficiency and effectiveness in the day-to-day operations, while Business Management focuses on achieving long-term goals and objectives. 4. **Skills:** Business Administrators typically require strong technical skills in areas like accounting, finance, and HR, while Business Managers require strong leadership, communication, and problem-solving skills. **What are the Key Components of a Business?** 1. **Goods or Services**: Businesses provide tangible products (goods) or intangible services to meet the needs or desires of customers. 2. **Profit Generation**: The primary aim of most businesses is to make a profit by selling goods or services at a price higher than the cost of production or delivery. 3. **Customers**: Businesses rely on customers to purchase their products or services. Understanding customer needs and preferences is crucial for business success. 4. **Operations**: A business typically has processes in place for production, marketing, sales, and distribution to ensure smooth functioning and growth. 5. **Market**: Businesses operate within a market, competing with others to attract customers. Market conditions, including supply and demand, pricing, and competition, influence business strategies. 6. Types of businesses can be categorized into: 7. **For-profit businesses:** Companies that aim to generate profits for their owners or shareholders. 8. **Non-profit organizations:** Entities that operate without the goal of generating profits, often with a focus on social welfare or public benefit. 9. **Social enterprises:** Organizations that combine business principles with social goals, aiming to create positive impact while generating revenue. **Feature** **Business Goal** **Business Objective** --------------- ------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------- **Scope** Broad, overarching, aspirational Specific, detailed, actionable **Level** Strategic, high-level, long-term Tactical, operational, short-to-medium term **Nature** Qualitative, general, conceptual Quantitative, measurable, tangible **Timeframe** Long-term (years) Short-to-medium term (months to years) **Examples** Become the industry leader in sustainable practices. Increase market share by 15% within the next 2 years. **Principle of Business Administration** **Summer Test Bank** **Chapter (2) ** **Q -1 Define:-** 1. Entrepreneur b. Revenue. c. Profit. d. Quality of work life. e. Standard of living. f. Outsourcing. g. Loss. h. Social entrepreneurs i. Nonprofit organizations j. In sourcing k. Accountability  l. Business Resources. m. Vision statement n. MISSION Statement o. Lean startups  p. Design Thinking [Corporate social responsibility (CSR)] **Q-2 Answer the following questions: -** 1. b. **[Essay Questions]** **1) What are the Types of Quality?** - **Product Quality: Focuses on the quality of Goods, including physical attributes, Performance, and reliability.** - - **2) What are the three Approaches to Quality Management?** - - - **3) Modern Perspectives:** - **Customer-Centricity: The focus has shifted From meeting specifications to exceeding Customer expectations. This means Understanding customer needs, anticipating Future trends, and creating products and Services that deliver exceptional value.** - **Digital Transformation: Technology has Revolutionized quality management, enabling Data analysis, predictive modeling, and Automation to improve processes, enhance Decision-making, and create more Personalized experiences for customers.** - **Sustainability: Increasingly, businesses are Incorporating sustainability into their quality Management frameworks, considering** **4) Future of Quality:** - **Predictive Quality: influencing data analytics and Machine learning to proactively identify and Prevent quality issues before they arise.** - **Personalized Quality: Tailoring products and Services to meet the individual needs and Preferences of each customer.** - **Quality as a Competitive Advantage: Quality is no Longer a mere standard; it is becoming a key Differentiator in competitive markets, with Customers increasingly willing to pay a premium For products and services that consistently deliver Exceptional value** **5) Define and explain who stakeholders are?** **All the people who stand to gain or lose by the policies and activities of business and whose concerns the business needs to address** - **Customers** - **Employees** - **Owners/stockholders** - **Suppliers** - **Bankers** - **Media** - **Local community** **6) Compare between Stakeholder and stockholder?** **Stakeholder: All the people who stand to gain or lose by the policies and activities of business and whose concerns the business needs to address** **Stockholder: Owner of the business -- one of stake holder.** **7) How can governments promote effective business environment and entrepreneurship? ** 1. **Minimizing spending and keeping taxes and regulations to a minimum.** 2. **Allowing private ownership of businesses.** 3. **Minimizing interference with the free exchange of goods and services.** 4. **Passing laws that enable businesspeople to write enforceable contracts.** 5. **Establishing a currency that's tradable in world markets.** 6. **Minimizing corruption.** 8. **There are a number of ways in which resources can be categorized. Explain the five \"factors of production\" As that common one.** - - - - - 9. **Classifying the business environment helps businesses understand the factors that influence their operations. By analyzing the internal and external environments, businesses can make strategic decisions to adapt, innovate, and remain competitive.** - **Economy: Fluctuations in the economy, Interest rates, inflation, and other economic Indicators can significantly impact business Operations.** **Competition: The presence of competitors, Their products or services, and their pricing Strategies influence business decisions.** **Regulations & Laws: Compliance with local, State, and federal laws, regulations, and Industry standards is essential.** **Technology: Rapid advancements in Technology create new opportunities but also Require businesses to adapt and stay current. ** **Social & Cultural Trends: Changing social And cultural values, consumer preferences** - ** Organizational Structure: The way a business Is organized, including departments, ** **Reporting lines, and decision-making Processes.** ** Company Culture: The values, beliefs, and Behaviors that shape the workplace Environment.** ** Leadership: The role of leaders in setting Direction, inspiring employees, and fostering** **A positive work environment.** **Employee Skills & Motivation: The Capabilities and engagement of employees are Crucial for success.** ** Communication & Collaboration: Effective Communication and collaboration among** - ** A company's internal culture that promotes innovation and creative thinking ** **can foster the development of new products. On the other hand, if a company's management is rigid and bureaucratic, it may face delays in ** **decision-making.** - **A smartphone company's relationship with its suppliers may influence production ** **costs. If the supplier raises the price of key components, the company might face** - ** Political: A change in trade regulations can Affect a company's ability to import raw ** **Materials.** ** Economic: During a recession, consumers May reduce spending, impacting sales.** ** Social: A rise in health-conscious consumers Can drive demand for organic food products.** ** Technological: The introduction of 5G Technology could revolutionize the Telecommunications industry.** ** Legal: New data protection laws, like GDPR, May require companies to change how they ** **Handle customer data.** ** Environmental: Pressure to adopt sustainable** **Q10) What is SWOT? and give an example of a SWOT analysis to a company?** SWOT analysis is one of the most commonly used tools and technique in today's business world.  It is a simple structured planning approach to evaluate Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats.  **Q-4 multiple choice questions:-** 1. Which one is not one of the business resources? 1. Land  1. Labor 1. Accountability 1. 2.................Strive for financial gains to meet their social or educational goals rather than for personal profit. 1. Social entrepreneurs 1. Nonprofit organizations 1. Business Environment 1. Standard of living 3. Customer Service is an element of the.................... 1. Competitive environment 1. Social environment 1. Economic and legal environment 1. Global business environment 4. All the people who stand to gain or lose by the policies and activities of business and whose concerns the business needs to address 1. Entrepreneur  1. Investors 1. Stockholders  1. Stakeholders 5. The process by which a person or persons is required to report to others on the exercise of responsibilities given to those others. 1. Standard of living 1. Accountability  1. Tradable currency 1. Bar codes Cases: 1-Facebook wants to launch the new project (Meta Verse) in Egypt, so which one of the Business environment factors they will look into? - The technological environment 2- MacDonald's in India don't serve meat products because of their religious view so which factor of the business environment factors they examine before entering the Indian market - The social environment ### [Egcode: BADM 100-BADM101] ### [Revision sheet] ### [Chapter (3)] ### [Accounting & Finance] ### [Q1: Define:] - d**- Finance** : The function in a business that acquires funds and manage those funds in the business - Also it's the study of how people and businesses evaluate investments and raise capital to fund  **Q:2 Answer the questions below**: **[Q1-Explain the 4 principles of finance?]** Four PRINCIPLEs of Finance. Principle 1: Money Has a Time Value  A dollar received today is more valuable than a dollar received in the future.  We can invest the dollar received today to earn interest. as a result, in the future, you will have more than one dollar, as you will receive the interest on your investment plus your initial invested dollar.     PRINCIPLE 2: There is a Risk-Return.Trade-off  We only take risk when we expect to be compensated for the extra risk with additional return.  Higher the risk, higher will be the expected return.    PRINCIPLE 3: Cash Flows Are The Source of.Value  Profit is an accounting concept designed to measure a business's performance over an interval of time.  Cash flow is the amount of cash that can actually be taken out of the business over this same interval. Profits versus Cash  It is possible for a firm to report profits but have no cash.  For example, if all sales are on credit, the firm may report profits even though no cash is being generated.      PRINCIPLE 4: Market Prices Reflect.Information  Investors respond to new information by buying and selling their investments.  The speed with which investors act and the way that prices respond to new information determines the efficiency of the market. In efficient markets like United States, this process occurs very quickly**[.]** **[Q2- Why   studying finance is importance?  ]**  Manage your own funds Manage a business' funds   Fruitful career opportunities   Informed policy choices  Intellectual curiosity **[Q -1 Define:]** a**- marketing** **The activity set of organizations and processes for creating, communicating , delivering and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners and society at large** **about an organization, its products, or other given issues.** b- **product** **Any physical good, service, or idea that satisfies a want or need plus anything that would enhance the product in the eyes of consumers, such as the brand** **c- brand name** **A word, letter, or group of words or letters that differentiates one Seller\'s goods and services from those of competitors** d- **consumer market** **All the individuals or families that want goods and services for personal consumption or use** e- **Customer relationship management (CRM)** **the process of learning as much as possible about present customer and doing everything you can over time to satisfy them-or even to exceed their expectations with goods and service** **Q -2 Multiple choice questions** **1-.......... Is the activity set of organizations and processes for creating, communicating, delivering and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners and society at large** **a- [marketing]** **B-management** **c- Customer relationship management** **d-Accounting** **2- Which of the following is [not] a component of marketing concept** **a- service orientation** **b- [Price orientation]** **c- Profit orientation** **3- The marketing mix includes the four Ps of** **a- public relations, promotion, place and price ** **b- Profitability, promotion, product and place** **c- [Product, Price, Place and Promotion]** **Q 3- *[answer the following questions]*** **Q1- Explain the 4 ears of evolution the  marketing  ?** ** Production Era** ** Selling Era** ** Marketing Concept Era** ** Customer Relationship Era** **Q2 what are the six steps of keeping the customer happy and pleased?** **The cost of acquiring a new customer is 5x the cost of ** **Retaining one. Here's how to keep them:** 1. **Build trust** 2. **Emphasize the long term** 3. **Listen** 4. **Treat your customers like stars** 5. **Show appreciation** 6. **Remember employees are customers too!** **Q3 What are the tactics of nonprofit marketing?** - **Fundraising** - **Public Relations** - **Special Campaigns** - **Ecological practices** - **Changing public opinions and attitudes** - **Increasing organizational membership** **Q4 What are the strategies of nonprofit?** - **Determine the firm's goals and objectives** - **Focus on long-term marketing** - **Find a competent board of directors** - **Exercise strategic planning** - **Train and develop long-term volunteers** - **Carefully segment the target market** **Q5 What are the factors that affect pricing the product?** - **Competitors' prices** - **Production costs** - **Distribution** - **High or low price strategies** **Q6 what are the techniques that seller use for promoting the product?** - Advertising - Personal selling - Public relations - Word of mouth - Sales promotions ### ### [Egcode: BADM 100-BADM101] ### [Introduction to Business] ### [Revision sheet] ### [Chapter (4)] ### [Q -1 Define:] **Marketing Research \--** Analyzing markets to determine challenges and opportunities, and finding the information needed to make good decisions. **Secondary data:** Secondary Data \-- Existing data that has previously been collected by sources like the government. **Primary Data:** In-depth information gathered by marketers from their own research. **Focus Group: ** A group of people who meet under the direction of a  **Consumer Market:** All the individuals or households that want goods and services for personal use and have the resources to buy them **Business-to-Business (B2B): ** Individuals and organizations that buy goods and services to use in production or to sell, rent, or supply to others **Market Segmentation**: Divides the total market into groups with similar characteristics. **Target Marketing:** Selecting which segments an organization can serve profitably ### Niche Marketing: **Identifies small but profitable market segments and designs or finds products for them.** ### One-to-One Marketing: **Developing a unique mix of goods and services for each individual consumer.** ### Mass Marketing: **Developing products and promotions to please large groups of people.** ### Relationship Marketing:**  Rejects the idea of mass production and focuses toward custom-made goods and services for customers.** ### [Q -2 Multiple choice questions] ###.......... Analyzing markets to determine challenges and opportunities, and finding the information needed to make good decisions. ### **[Marketing research]** ### **Management** ### **Customer relationship management** ### **Segmentation** ###  Existing data that has previously been collected by sources like the government. ### **Primary data ** ### **[Secondary data ]** ### **Marketing research ** ### **Focus group ** ### A group of people who meet under the direction of a discussion leader to communicate opinions. ### **Primary data ** ### **Secondary data ** ### **Marketing research ** ### **[Focus group]** ###............ The process of identifying factors that affect marketing success. ### **Primary data ** ### **[Environmental Scanning]** ### **Marketing research ** ### **Focus group** ###............. All the individuals or households that want goods and services for personal use and have the resources to buy them. ### **Market segmentation ** ### **[Consumer market ]** ### **Business to business ** ### **Marketing research ** ###........... Data that you gather yourself (not from secondary sources such as books and magazine) is called ### **Secondary data** ### **[Primary data]** ### **Focus group** ### **Environmental scanning ** ### The process of dividing a market into distinct groups with distinct needs, characteristics is called ### **[Market segmentation ]** ### **Consumer market ** ### **Target marketing** ### **Niche marketing ** ###............ Individuals and organizations that buy goods and services to use in production or to sell, rent, or supply to others. ### **Target market ** ### **Consumer market ** ### **Focus group ** ### **[Business to business ]** ###............ Identifies small but profitable market segments and designs or finds products for them. ### **One to one marketing ** ### **[Niche marketing ]** ### **Consumer market ** ### **Mass marketing ** ###............ Developing a unique mix of goods and services for each individual consumer. ### **Mass marketing ** ### **Target market ** ### **[One to one marketing ]** ### **Relationship marketing ** ###.......... Rejects the idea of mass production and focuses toward custom-made goods and services for customers**.** ### **[Relationship marketing ]** ### **Mass marketing ** ### **Niche marketing ** ### **Consumer market** ###.........\... Developing products and promotions to please large groups of people. ### **[Mass marketing ]** ### **Niche marketing** ### **One to one marketing ** ### **Relationship marketing  ** ###......... Dividing the market by cities, counties, states, or regions. ### **[Geographic Segmentation]** ### **Demographic Segmentation** ### **Psychographic Segmentation** ### **Benefit Segmentation** ### **.......... Dividing the market by age, income, education, and other demographic variables. ** ### **Geographic Segmentation** ### **[Demographic Segmentation]** ### **Volume (Usage) Segmentation ** ### **Benefit Segmentation ** ###......... Dividing the market by group values, attitudes, and interests.  ### **Geographic Segmentation** ### **[Psychographic Segmentation ]** ### **Volume (Usage) Segmentation ** ### **Benefit Segmentation ** ###........... Dividing the market according to product benefits the customer prefers ### **Geographic Segmentation** ### **Psychographic Segmentation ** ### **Volume (Usage) Segmentation ** ### **[Benefit Segmentation ]** ###.......... Dividing the market by the volume of product use. ### **Geographic Segmentation** ### **Demographic Segmentation** ### **[Volume (Usage) Segmentation ]** ### **Benefit Segmentation ** ### Q 3- *[answer the following questions]* - ### **What is The ABC's of MARKETING? ** - ### **Always be customer-focused.** - ### **Benchmark against the best firms.** - ### **Continuously improve performance.** - ### **Develop the best value package.** - ### **Empower your employees.** - ### **Focus on relationship building.** - ### **Goal achievement is the reward** 2-There is many ways to segment a market.What are the five characteristics of useful market segments? Explain each one. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ - ### **Geographic segmentation ** Dividing a market by cities, counties, states or regions. - ### **Demographic segmentation** Dividing the market by age, income, and education level. - ### **Psychographic segmentation** Dividing the market using groups, values, attitudes, and interests. - ### **Benefit segmentation** Dividing the market by determining which benefits of the product to talk about. - ### **Volume (or usage segmentation)** Dividing the market by usage (volume of use) **Chapter 6** **Management & Leadership** **Define: DECISION MAKING** - **Decision Making \--** *Choosing among two or more alternatives.* **What are the steps to make a rational decision?** 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. - Define: **Organization Chart ** **What leaders must do?** - - - - - **Compare between the styles of leadership?** - - - - - - **Strategic Planning \--** *Done by top management and determines the major goals of the organization and the policies, procedures, strategies and resources it will need to achieve them.* - **Tactical Planning \--** *The process of developing detailed, short-term statements about what is to be done, who is to do it and how.* - **Operational Planning \-- *The process of setting work standards and schedules necessary to implement the company's tactical objectives.*** What are the management level and skills? - - - - - - **Canadian International College (CIC)   ** ### [Egcode: BADM 100-BADM101] **DR Rawia** ### [Introduction to Business] ### [Revision sheet] ### [Chapter (7) Manager&HR)] ### [Q -1 Define:] Management involves coordinating and overseeing the work activities of others so that their activities are completed efficiently and effectively Individuals who are responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing plans and goals that affect the entire organization. ### [Q -2 Multiple choice questions] ---- ----------- A. Technical ---- ----------- ---- --------------- B. Interpersonal ---- --------------- [C.] [Conceptual] ------------------ -------------------------- D.  Professional ------------------ ------------------------- [A.] [Technical] ------------------ ------------------------- ---- --------------- B. Interpersonal ---- --------------- C. Conceptual ----- -------------- D.  Professional ---- ----------- A. Technical ---- ----------- ------------------ ---------------------------- [B.] [Human Skills] ------------------ ---------------------------- C. Conceptual ----- -------------- D.  Professional A. Planning B. Controlling  C. Leading  D. Organizing [A. Organizing] B. Leading C. Planning D. Controlling **6- Setting the organization's goals and deciding how best to achieve those goals is defined as** A. Organizing B. Leading [C. Planning] D. Controlling A. Organizing B. Leading C. Planning D[. Controlling] **8- Susan is especially good at communicating company goals to her employees and motivating them to achieve these goals. Susan has good.** B- Frequently, the management functions of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling overlap one another ( T   ) F- Effectiveness means  low attainment of organizational goals( F  )   - **[- Function]** - **[- Roles ]** - **[- Needed skills ]** - **[1-Function]** Working with and through people to accomplish goals - **[2-Roles Manager's Play]** **Explain two of the historical DEVELOPMENT ERAS OF hr.?** **OR** 1 Discuss the key characteristics of the Early Industrial Revolution (Late 18th - Early 19th Century) ? 2 The Personnel Management Era (Late 19th - Mid 20th Century). 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