FRHD Week4 Midterm MC Part 1 PDF

 **What is the cephalocaudal pattern of development?** - A\) Development from the feet upwards - B\) Development from the head downwards - C\) Development from the center outward - D\) Development in a random sequence\ **Correct Answer:** B  **According to Piaget, what is assimila...

 **What is the cephalocaudal pattern of development?** - A\) Development from the feet upwards - B\) Development from the head downwards - C\) Development from the center outward - D\) Development in a random sequence\ **Correct Answer:** B  **According to Piaget, what is assimilation?** - A\) Adjusting existing schemes to incorporate new information - B\) Incorporating new experiences into existing cognitive structures - C\) Creating new cognitive schemes from sensory input - D\) Imitating others\' behavior\ **Correct Answer:** B  **Which term describes a baby's ability to maintain focus on an object or event while ignoring irrelevant stimuli?** - A\) Attention - B\) Habituation - C\) Deferred imitation - D\) Perception\ **Correct Answer:** A  **Which of the following is an example of a gross motor skill?** - A\) Picking up small objects - B\) Walking - C\) Using a spoon - D\) Grasping a toy\ **Correct Answer:** B  **What is deferred imitation?** - A\) The ability to imitate actions immediately - B\) The reproduction of actions after a delay - C\) The immediate reaction to visual stimuli - D\) An action that only occurs with repeated exposure\ **Correct Answer:** B  **What process involves the reduced responsiveness to a repeated stimulus?** - A\) Habituation - B\) Dishabituation - C\) Reflexive response - D\) Sensory adaptation\ **Correct Answer:** A  **The phenomenon where infants search for an object in its original hiding place despite seeing it moved is known as:** - A\) Object permanence - B\) Core knowledge - C\) A-not-B error - D\) Deferred imitation\ **Correct Answer:** C  **Which type of memory involves conscious recollection of facts and experiences?** - A\) Implicit memory - B\) Reflexive memory - C\) Procedural memory - D\) Explicit memory\ **Correct Answer:** D  **Which of the following is a reflex found in newborns?** - A\) Telegraphic speech - B\) Moro reflex - C\) Deferred imitation - D\) Synaptic pruning\ **Correct Answer:** B  **What is the main function of the myelin sheath?** - A\) Transmitting electrical signals - B\) Connecting neurons in a network - C\) Speeding up signal transmission between neurons - D\) Generating new neurons\ **Correct Answer:** C  **Which lobe of the brain processes visual information?** - A\) Frontal lobe - B\) Occipital lobe - C\) Parietal lobe - D\) Temporal lobe\ **Correct Answer:** B  **What is the function of the prefrontal cortex in infants?** - A\) Visual processing - B\) Auditory processing - C\) Higher-level thinking and self-regulation - D\) Gross motor control\ **Correct Answer:** C  **Which theory proposes that infants are born with innate knowledge systems?** - A\) Dynamic systems theory - B\) Core knowledge approach - C\) Ecological view - D\) Neuroconstructivist view\ **Correct Answer:** B  **What does synaptic pruning refer to?** - A\) The increase in synaptic connections as infants age - B\) The removal of unused neural connections - C\) The creation of new synapses in response to learning - D\) The growth of axons and dendrites\ **Correct Answer:** B  **Which of the following is a milestone in fine motor development?** - A\) Walking - B\) Crawling - C\) Pincer grip - D\) Standing\ **Correct Answer:** C  **Which of the following is an example of infant-directed speech?** - A\) High-pitched, exaggerated intonation - B\) Whispering and fast speech - C\) Complex, formal sentences - D\) Repetitive and monotone speech\ **Correct Answer:** A  **What is object permanence?** - A\) The ability to remember an object after a delay - B\) The understanding that objects continue to exist even when not visible - C\) The ability to categorize objects by shape - D\) The recollection of objects from early infancy\ **Correct Answer:** B  **Which theory emphasizes the role of perception in helping individuals interact with their environment?** - A\) Dynamic systems approach - B\) Core knowledge theory - C\) Ecological view - D\) Experience-expectant development\ **Correct Answer:** C  **What is telegraphic speech?** - A\) Speaking with full grammatical sentences - B\) Using short, precise words without grammatical markers - C\) Mimicking complex speech patterns - D\) Babbling without meaning\ **Correct Answer:** B  **What is intermodal perception?** - A\) The ability to distinguish different objects by touch - B\) The ability to integrate information from multiple sensory modalities - C\) The ability to hear sounds in varying frequencies - D\) The ability to recall stimuli after a delay\ **Correct Answer:** B  **A 12-month-old baby learns to coordinate their vision and touch to pick up a toy. According to Piaget's theory, which sensorimotor substage does this represent?** - A\) Primary circular reactions - B\) Secondary circular reactions - C\) Coordination of secondary circular reactions - D\) Tertiary circular reactions\ **Correct Answer:** C  **An infant has difficulty distinguishing between two similar faces after repeated exposure. What process is this an example of?** - A\) Habituation - B\) Dishabituation - C\) Perceptual narrowing - D\) Deferred imitation\ **Correct Answer:** C  **A caregiver notices that her child is able to grasp objects more easily with their hands before they can effectively use their fingers for finer tasks. This is an example of which pattern of physical development?** - A\) Cephalocaudal pattern - B\) Proximodistal pattern - C\) Fine motor development - D\) Experience-expectant development\ **Correct Answer:** B  **An infant refuses to cross a glass floor, simulating a drop, during an experiment. This is most likely a demonstration of which cognitive milestone?** - A\) Object permanence - B\) Depth perception - C\) Deferred imitation - D\) Visual acuity\ **Correct Answer:** B  **A caregiver uses infant-directed speech to engage her child. What is the purpose of this speech style?** - A\) To expose infants to complex language patterns - B\) To help infants attend to language and facilitate learning - C\) To stimulate auditory pathways development - D\) To reinforce motor development through speech\ **Correct Answer:** B  **A baby points to an object and looks at their caregiver to gain their attention. What developmental concept does this represent?** - A\) Language acquisition device - B\) Intermodal perception - C\) Joint attention - D\) Telegraphic speech\ **Correct Answer:** C  **A toddler\'s ability to categorize objects by shape rather than color reflects which cognitive development concept?** - A\) Perceptual categorization - B\) Object permanence - C\) Intermodal perception - D\) Telegraphic speech\ **Correct Answer:** A  **A study finds that infants who practice with sticky mittens show better object exploration than those who do not. This suggests what about motor development?** - A\) Motor development is primarily biologically driven - B\) Practice with fine motor tasks accelerates development - C\) Gross motor skills develop independently of experience - D\) Infants' motor development is unaffected by environmental influences\ **Correct Answer:** B  **An infant is able to use a spoon to feed themselves by 18 months of age. This ability is an example of:** - A\) Gross motor skills - B\) Fine motor skills - C\) Reflexive behavior - D\) Proximodistal pattern\ **Correct Answer:** B  **A caregiver notices that when she stops responding to her baby\'s crying for brief intervals at night, the baby eventually starts sleeping through the night. This is an example of:** - A\) Graduated extinction - B\) Reflexive crying - C\) Reciprocal socialization - D\) Secure attachment\ **Correct Answer:** A  **A 10-month-old infant shows excitement when they see their caregiver after being apart for a short period. This behavior is most closely associated with which attachment style?** - A\) Insecure avoidant - B\) Securely attached - C\) Insecure resistant - D\) Insecure disorganized\ **Correct Answer:** B  **An infant displays fear and distress when a stranger approaches but calms down when their primary caregiver returns. This behavior reflects:** - A\) Separation protest - B\) Stranger anxiety - C\) Object permanence - D\) Social referencing\ **Correct Answer:** B  **A child who is shy and avoids new situations is likely demonstrating which of Kagan\'s concepts?** - A\) Insecure attachment - B\) Temperament - C\) Behavioral inhibition - D\) Effortful control\ **Correct Answer:** C  **A caregiver frequently talks to her infant using exaggerated intonations and simple language. What role does this form of speech play in the infant's development?** - A\) Encourages motor development - B\) Enhances language acquisition - C\) Inhibits complex thought processes - D\) Promotes social referencing\ **Correct Answer:** B  **In an experiment, an infant is shown a toy and then has it hidden in one location (A), but later it is moved to a second location (B). Despite seeing the toy moved, the infant continues to search for it at location A. This error is an example of:** - A\) Object permanence - B\) Dishabituation - C\) A-not-B error - D\) Deferred imitation\ **Correct Answer:** C  **An infant participates in an experiment using a visual cliff. If the infant refuses to cross the apparent \"drop-off,\" this is likely due to:** - A\) The development of visual acuity - B\) The recognition of intermodal perception - C\) Depth perception development - D\) Lack of motor coordination\ **Correct Answer:** C  **A toddler begins to throw tantrums but also shows the ability to calm down with minimal external soothing. This ability reflects improvement in:** - A\) Social referencing - B\) Effortful control - C\) Temperament - D\) Goodness of fit\ **Correct Answer:** B