Free-Falling Bodies PDF

Free-Falling Bodies Unit II. Lesson 4 GP 1 (General Physics)  Objective s Describe and analyze the motion of a free- falling body Calculate the Position and Velocity of Objects in Free Fall Galileo Galilei Italian physicist and astronomer (15...

Free-Falling Bodies Unit II. Lesson 4 GP 1 (General Physics)  Objective s Describe and analyze the motion of a free- falling body Calculate the Position and Velocity of Objects in Free Fall Galileo Galilei Italian physicist and astronomer (1564–1642) ========================== ============ Galileo formulated the laws that govern the motion of objects in free fall and made many other significant discoveries in physics and astronomy. Galileo publicly defended Nicolaus Copernicus’s assertion that the Sun is at the center of the Universe (the heliocentric system). He published Dialogue Concerning Two New World Systems to support the Copernican model, a view that the Catholic Church declared to be Free Falling is the linear motion of an object in which only the force of gravity is acting on the object. When we use the expression freely falling object, we do not necessarily refer to an object dropped from rest. A freely falling object is any object moving freely under the influence of gravity alone, regardless of its initial motion. Free Falling When objects are in free fall, these objects are assumed to fall within a vacuum. As a result, this motion is defined by two characteristics: Objects do not experience air resistance. Objects accelerate towards earth at 9.8 m/s2 Weight of a Free-Falling Object Equations of a Free-Falling Object Acceleration of a Free-Falling Object Relationship between Variables Consequently, four equations describe the relationship between these variables. These equations are the kinematic equations of motion. Kinematics equations are a set of equations that can derive an unknown aspect of a body’s motion if the other aspects are provided. These equations link five kinematic variables: Displacement (denoted by Δd) or (Δx) Initial Velocity v 0 or vi Final Velocity denoted by v f Time interval (denoted by t) Constant acceleration (denoted by a) Relationship between Variables These kinematic equations only apply when acceleration is constant. Velocity Displacement Equation: Equation: Velocity Squared Average Velocity Equation: Equation: Let’s try this! John throws his golf ball vertically upward with an initial velocity of 26.2 m/s. Determine the height to which the vase will rise above its initial height. vi = 26.2 m/s vf = 0 m/s g = 9.8 m/s2 d =? Kinematic Equation: vf 2 = vi2 + 2gd Given: (0 m/s) 2 = (26.2 m/s) 2 + 2 (-9.8 m/s2) (d) vi = 26.2 m/s (0 m 2 /s 2) = (686.44 m 2 /s 2) + (-19.6 m/s2) (d) vf = 0 m/s (-19.6 m/s2) (d) = (0 m 2 /s 2) - 686.44 m 2 /s 2 g = 9.8 m/s2 d =? (-19.6 m/s2) (d) = -686.44 m 2 /s 2 d = (-19.6 m/s2) / (-686.44 m 2 /s 2) d = 35.02 m height to which the vase will rise above its initial height = 35.02 m Let’s try this! An object falls from a high building. Ignoring air resistance, what will its velocity be after 6 seconds of falling? Let’s try this! Peter drops a pile of roof shingles from the top of a roof located 8.52 meters above the ground. Determine the time required for the shingles to reach the ground?