Forces Test Review PDF

Science 20F Name: ______________________________ Forces Test Review Differentiate between scalar and vector 1. Define vector 2. Define scalar 3. Are each of these scalar (s) or vector (v) quantities...

Science 20F Name: ______________________________ Forces Test Review Differentiate between scalar and vector 1. Define vector 2. Define scalar 3. Are each of these scalar (s) or vector (v) quantities a. Jimmy ran 5m East b. Brenda placed her pencil 3 inches from her binder c. The car had an acceleration of 5m/s2 North d. The ant walked at a velocity of -3mm/s e. Displacement f. Velocity g. Distance h. Acceleration i. Speed j. Time 4. Define distance 5. Define displacement 6. Define speed 7. Define velocity 8. Define acceleration Science 20F Name: ______________________________ Math! – Use a number line to find displacement 9. What is the position of each object, if your home is the origin. (Each tick is 5 miles) a. Car C b. Car A c. Car B d. School 10. A car has an initial position of of +5 and then has a final position of -9. Show this on a number line and then calculate the displacement of the car. Math! – Calculations 11. Calla throws a water balloon up in the air. When it reaches its peak, a timer reads 1.43 seconds. When the balloon hits Chantal, the timer reads 3.13 seconds. Calculate the time interval that the balloon took to fall from its peak to Chantal. 12. A car travels 75 km [south] in 0.75 hours. What is the cars velocity? (in km/h) 13. How many seconds will it take for a motorboat traveling 40.0 km/h to cross a lake that is 2.0 km wide? (solve for hours and then convert to seconds) Science 20F Name: ______________________________ 14. Yuan is training to run a marathon. She runs 22 km [N], then 32 km [S] in a total time of 4.2 hours. a. What is Yuan’s displacement at the end of the run? Draw the vectors b. What is the total distance she traveled? c. What is Yuan’s average speed? d. What is Yuan’s average velocity? 15. Elliot is training for the triathlon team. He swims 2 km [N], then bikes 25 km [W], then runs 2 km [S] in a total time of 2.3 hours. a. Draw the vectors and calculate Elliot’s displacement b. What is the total distance he traveled? c. What is Yuan’s average speed? d. What is Yuan’s average velocity? Science 20F Name: ______________________________ 16. Katherine jumps in her car and slams her foot on the gas. Her car accelerates from 5.0 m/s [E] to 15.0 m/s [E] in 2.0 s. a. What is the change in velocity? b. What is the acceleration? 17. Zach is approaching a stoplight moving with a velocity of +30.0 m/s. The light turns yellow and Zach (being a cautious driver) applies the brakes, causing an acceleration of -8.00 m/s2, until stopping. a. What is the change in velocity? b. How long will it take Zach to stop? c. What does a negative acceleration mean? 18. How far will a canoe travel if it moves at 8.0 km/h for 33 seconds? (convert to hours) 19. An airplane travels 2310 km in 2.5 hours a. What is the speed of the plane in km/h? b. What is the speed of the plane in m/s? 20. An athlete speeds up at the end of a race and accelerates at 1.8 m/s2 for 3.6 seconds?. a. What was the change in velocity? b. What was the athletes final velocity if the initial velocity was 1.2 m/s? Science 20F Name: ______________________________ Graphing! 21. Rate these velocity’s from fastest to slowest based on the position-time graphs. Explain your reasoning 22. Match each of the graphs to the following situation. Explain your reasoning. a. Speeding up moving forwards b. Slowing down moving backwards c. Slowing down moving forwards 3 d. Speeding up moving backwards 1 2 4 Science 20F Name: ______________________________ 23. From the table, make a position-time graph. Remember to include appropriate scale, main title, and axis titles. Time Position 0 0 1 3 2 6 3 9 4 12 b) Calculate the average velocity of the object represented by the graph c) Describe the motion 24. From the table, make a velocity-time graph. Remember to include appropriate scale, main title, and axis titles. Time Velocity 0 0 2 5 4 10 6 15 8 20 b) Calculate the acceleration of the object represented by the graph c) Describe the motion Science 20F Name: ______________________________ 25. Use the position-time graph to answer the following questions a. Describe the motion from 0-2 seconds b. What is the velocity from 8-9 seconds? c. What is the velocity from 2-4 seconds? d. What is the average velocity from point C to point H 26. Use the velocity-time graph to answer the following questions a. When is the object speeding up? b. When is the object slowing down? c. When is the object moving at a constant speed? d. What is the acceleration from 0-10 seconds? e. What is the acceleration from 30-50 seconds? 27. Use the distance-time graph below to answer the following question: a. Calculate the average speed for the time interval 3 s to 11 s. Science 20F Name: ______________________________ Be able to draw and explain the relationship of time, displacement, velocity, and acceleration. 28. If velocity increases and displacement stays the same, what happens to the time interval? 29. If velocity decreases and the time interval stays the same, what happens to the displacement? 30. A person walking at a constant velocity decides to walk a longer route (increase displacement). What does this mean for their time interval? Will they walk for a longer or shorter amount of time? 31. A dirtbike races around a track. The track is 6 km. The time it takes to get around the track is 10 seconds longer on the first round. Which round will the dirtbiker be travelling faster? 32. A cat accelerates at a rate of +2 m/s2. If its starting speed is 5 m/s, how fast will it be going after 3 seconds? Use a diagram/chart to represent its change in motion. Science 20F Name: ______________________________ Newton’s First law 1. What is Newton’s first law? 2. What is Newton’s first law often called? 3. What is inertia? 4. Which would have more inertia – a bowling ball or a golf ball? 5. Why do passengers in a car lurch forward when it suddenly stops? How does a seatbelt help in this situation? Newton’s Second Law 6. What is Newton’s second law? (explain and equation) 7. If I tripled the force on an object, what would happen to the acceleration? 8. If I doubled the mass of an object, what would happen to the acceleration? 9. An object with a mass of 150kg goes under an acceleration of 1.5 m/s2. What force is acting on the object? 10. An object undergoes a force of 15N and has a mass of 6.7kg. How fast will it accelerate? 11. An object is slowing down at a rate of 0.35m/s2 due to a force of 7N. What is the mass of the object? Science 20F Name: ______________________________ Newton’s Third Law 12. What is Newton’s third law? 13. If you push against a wall with 20N of force, it doesn’t move. According to Newton’s Third Law, what is the wall doing in response to your push? 14. List the pair of forces present in each situation and what you think the result will be a. Hitting a baseball with a bat b. Bowling ball knocking down some bowling pins c. A fish swimming forward in the water Pressure 1. What are the factors that affect pressure? 2. In physics, pressure is defined as the _____ over a given area. (Think about the formula) 3. What is the standard unit of measure for pressure? __________________ 4. On a cold winter day, a basketball feels deflated even though there’s no hole. What happened to the pressure inside the ball, and why? Science 20F Name: ______________________________ 5. Why might the pressure inside a sealed car tire increase on a hot summer day, even if the tire hasn’t been used? 6. Will air pressure be higher on top of a mountain or on the beach? Why? 7. A 40 N block exerts 20 Pa of pressure on a table. What is the area of the block that is touching the table? 8. What pressure will be exerted by a 10 N box that has equal sides of 1 meter? 9. Does water pressure increase or decrease the deeper you are? Why? 10. What would exert more pressure, a dull knife or a sharp knife? Explain why?