FinalExamStudyGuide.PDF

Final Exam Study Guide Energy and Nature Fall 2024 -Biofuel and Geothermal e. Biomass (just the main and basic facts): - Definition/Description -The four categories of biofuels: Generation 1,...

Final Exam Study Guide Energy and Nature Fall 2024 -Biofuel and Geothermal e. Biomass (just the main and basic facts): - Definition/Description -The four categories of biofuels: Generation 1, 2, etc. -Sweden’s case: garbage, electricity, and heat d. Geothermal (just the main and basic facts): - Definition/Description - Iceland: the largest geothermal producer (the general view) -Wind and Solar Energies: 1. Wind: - Definition/description of wind - Description of wind energy - On-shore and off-shore wind farms - Wind and environmental impacts 2. Solar: - Description - Solar Heating: Active and Passive - Photovoltaic solar panels and concentrated-solar power (just the main description/understanding) -Electricity and the Electric Grid 1. Electricity a. Definition b. Description of Direct Current (DC) and Alternating Current (AC) c. Definition of Voltage, Current (Intensity), and Resistance (very briefly) d. Definition of “The War of Currents”: Edison vs. Tesla 2. The Electric Grid: a. General Definition b. Structure of the electric grid (basic description): b.1 Power station - Definition - Brief description about how electricity is generated: turbine-generator b.2 Transmission-Distribution lines b.3 Consumers c. Some points of the history of electric grid:  c.1 The Importance of Tesla and the AC c.2 U.S. Electric grid: 3 separated electric grids (general view) c.3 What is an electric Blackout? -Storage Systems, Steam, and Electric Transportation 1. Electricity Storage Systems a. The relation between the “unreliable” renewable energy and energy storage systems b. Types of Energy Storage Systems (the basic description): - Pumped hydro systems - Batteries - Flywheels - Compressed Air Energy Storage -Gravity and Electricity Storage -Hydrogen (Just the main idea about hydrogen as a storage component) 2. Steam Systems: a. NYC’s System (just the description; watch the video) b. Pratt Institute’s steam system (just the general description) 3. Electric Transportation: Especially focus on the Types of Electric Vehicles (EVs): -Climate Change, Energy and Possible Adaptations Climate Change and Energy Crisis 1.Climate Change, Global Warming, and Greenhouse Effect (Just the general description and definition of the following concepts) 2. Climate Change and Its Impact on Energy (brief description of some cases such as -Norway, hydropower, and drought -Germany, coal, and the Rhine River 3. Human Habitats, Efficiency, and Energy For example, brief understanding of Traditional architectural techniques (materials such as clay, white walls/roofs) 4. General Description of the cases seen in class: -Mesa Verde Cliff Dwellings -The Burj al Hawwa (wind towers) -The Cartuja Qanat Project (Sevilla, Spain) -LO3 micro-grid (Park Slope, Brooklyn) -Masdar City (watch the video) -The Line Project (Saudi Arabia) (watch the video)