BMS 111 Practical Study Guide 1 Fall 2024-2025 PDF

Medicine and Surgery Program Fall 2024-2025 BMS 111, fall 2024 Practical study guide 1 Prof. Dr. Eman Habib Assist. Prof. Dr. Rania Galhom Identify each plane and how it divides the body 1) Median (sagittal) plane 2)Paramedian (parasagitta...

Medicine and Surgery Program Fall 2024-2025 BMS 111, fall 2024 Practical study guide 1 Prof. Dr. Eman Habib Assist. Prof. Dr. Rania Galhom Identify each plane and how it divides the body 1) Median (sagittal) plane 2)Paramedian (parasagittal) plane 3) Coronal plane 4)Horizontal (transverse) plane Terminology of position Terminology of Movements Flexion & Extension Abduction & Adduction Medial & lateral rotation Supination & pronation ❑ Inversion ❑ Eversion Skeletal system 1.Name the bone 2.Identify its type  Types of bones according to their Shape (Morphology) 1- Long bones 2- Short bones 3- Flat bones 4- Irregular bones 5- Sesamoid bones 6- Pneumatic bones  Examples 1- Long bones Humerus Radius Ulna Femur Tibia Fibula The metacarpals , metatarsals and the phalanges are examples of: “short long bones”  2- Short bones Tarsal bones Carpal bones  3- Flat bones sternum Scapula Skull vault Anterior view posterior view  4- Irregular bones Skull base Vertebrae Hip bones 8  5- Pneumatic bones 6- Sesamoid bones Frontal bone Patella Maxilla  Axial skeleton 1 - Skull: -Cranium -Mandible  Manubrium Body Xiphisternum  Sternum & Ribs 1 - Sternum is divided into 3 parts : 2 3 1 Manubrium 4 2 3 5 Body 4 6 5 7 8 Xiphoid 6 9 7 10 8 9 Identify the marked part of the bone. 10 1 1- clavicle. 2- scapula 2 3- humerus. 5 4- radius 5- ulna 3 4 6- carpal bones 7- 1st metacarpal bone 8- proximal phalanx of index finger 6 7 8 1 9 8 1- hip bone 2 2- femur 3- tibia. 6 7 4- fibula 5- tarsal bones 6- 1st metatarsal bone 7- 5th metatarsal bone 5 8- proximal phalanx of big toe. 9-distal phalanx of big toe. 3 4 Radiology of adult and growing bone X-Ray of young knee bones X-Ray of adult The presence of an epiphyseal knee bones plate of cartilage indicates that these Prof Azza Kamal- FBMS 1 bones still grow in length  Muscular system 1.Mention the name of the muscle. 2.Mention its type  Rectus abdominis Sartorius (strap with intersections) (Parallel strap)  Biceps Quadratus lumborum (Parallel fusiform) (parallel quadrilateral)  Tibialis anterior Deltoid muscle (circumpennate) (Multipennate)  Temporalis muscle Pectoralis major (triangular muscle) (spiral muscle)  Orbicularis oculi Circular muscles Orbicularis oris  Articular system 1.Mention the name of the joint. 2.Mention its type  Fibrous joint Sutures of the skull  Fibrous joint Syndesmosis Inferior tibiofibular joint Interosseous membrane (middle radioulnar joint) Fibrous joint Gomphosis  1ry cartilaginous joint Joint between 1st rib Epiphyseal plate and sternum Bones united by hyaline cartilage Sternum (manubrium ) Epiphyseal plate (temporary hyaline cartilage joint) Joint between first rib and sternum (immovable )  2ry cartilaginous joint Intervertebral disc Symphysis pubis Bones united by fibrocartilage Body of vertebra Fibrocartilaginous intervertebral disc Hyaline cartilage Pubic symphysis Hinge synovial Elbow Joint  Modified hinge synovial Knee joint: Bicondylar (modified hinge)  Pivot synovial Superior and inferior radioulnar joints Ellipsoid synovial Wrist joint Saddle synovial Carpometacarpal joint of the Thumb (Condyloid) synovial Metacarpophalangeal Joint plane synovial Intercarpal Joints  Ball & socket synovial Shoulder joint Hip joint Cardiovascular system  Left atrium Right atrium Left Ventricle Right Ventricle Apex of heart Left Pulmonary Right Pulmonary veins veins Left Atrium  Arch of Aorta SVC Pulmonary Trunk IVC  Pulmonary trunk Pulmonary artery Left Pulmonary veins Right Pulmonary veins left coronary Right coronary artery artery  Bicuspid (Mitral) valve Tricuspid valve Coronary Sinus