Final Revision on Embryology PDF

FINAL REVISION ON EMBRYOLOGY By Doctor Ahmed Assy IBS MODULE 01028612056 MCQ: 1. it is the most inner layer of the cumulus oophorous which is liberated with the secondary oocyte? a) Zona pellucida b) Crona radiate c) Theca externa d) Theca interna 2. only pr...

FINAL REVISION ON EMBRYOLOGY By Doctor Ahmed Assy IBS MODULE 01028612056 MCQ: 1. it is the most inner layer of the cumulus oophorous which is liberated with the secondary oocyte? a) Zona pellucida b) Crona radiate c) Theca externa d) Theca interna 2. only primary oocytes survive to the age of puberty a) 4000 b) 40000 c) 400 d) 2 million 3. Contain 46 chromosomes a) primary oocyte b) secondary oocyte c) mature ova d) polar body 4. Contain 23 chromosomes a) primary oocyte b) oogonia c) mature ova d) oogonium 5. 1st meiotic division produce a) mature ova and 1st polar body b) primary oocyte and 1st polar body c) secondary oocyte and 1st polar body d) secondary oocyte and 2nd polar body 6. 2nd meiotic division produce a) mature ova and 1st polar body b) primary oocyte and 1st polar body c) secondary oocyte and 1st polar body d) mature ova and 2nd polar body 7. 1st Meiotic division begin and complete? a) intrauterine life and complete ovarian cycle b) ovarian cycle and complete when fertilization 8. 2nd Meiotic division begin and complete? a) intrauterine life and complete ovarian cycle b) ovarian cycle and complete when fertilization 1 9. Number of primary oocytes at BIRTH a) 1 million b) 5 million c) 40000 d) 400 10. Primary follicle is primary oocyte surrounded by a) single layer of cubical cells b) single layer of flat cells c) multilayers of cubical cells d) multilayers of flat cells 11. Secondary follicle is during development primary oocyte to secondary oocyte is surrounded by a) single layer of cubical cells b) single layer of flat cells c) multilayers of cubical cells d) multilayers of flat cells 12. The cavity in mature Gravian follicles is called a) antrum b) stratum granulosum c) cumulus oophorous 13. The outer layer in mature Gravian follicles is called a) antrum b) stratum granulosum c) cumulus oophorous 14. The secondary oocyte with its surrounding in mature Gravian follicles is called a) antrum b) stratum granulosum c) cumulus oophorous 15. Which part secrete estrogen a) Theca interna b) Theca externa c) zona pellucida d) corona radiata 16. Ovulation which cell leave ovary and enter fallopian tube a) primary oocyte b) secondary oocyte c) mature ova d) oogonium 17. Site of ovulation is a) Uterus b) Ovary c) Fallopian tube d) Vagina 2 18. at ovulation which structure is liberated from ovary? a) Primary oocyte b) Mature ovum c) Secondary oocyte d) None of the above 19. within the graafian follicle the secondary oocyte is surrounded by? a) Zona pellucida b) Crona radiata c) All of the above 20. the second mitotic division is completed at time of? a) Ovulation b) Fertilization c) Formation of morula d) Formation of blastocyst 21. Corpus luteum degenerate when not fertilization in a) 10 days b) 15 days c) 5 days d) 20 days 22. Ovarian cycle consists of these phases except a) follicular phase b) ovulation c) luteal phase d) proliferative phase 23. Which hormones suppress FSH a) estrogen b) progesterone c) estrogen and progesterone 24. Ovulation caused by which hormone surge a) LH b) FSH c) Estrogen d) Progesterone 25. Which hormone stimulates granulosa cell secrete estrogen a) LH b) FSH c) Estrogen d) HCG 26. Corpus luteum secrete which hormones a) Small amount of progesterone and mainly estrogen b) Small amount of progesterone and small amount of estrogen c) mainly progesterone and small amount of estrogen 3 27. Endometrium consists layers a) basal layer b) compact layer c) spongy layer d) all of above 28. Menstrual cycle duration is a) 15-20 days b) 10-25 days c) 21-35 days 29. Proliferative phase duration is a) 10 days b) 14 days c) 3-7 days 30. Secretory phase duration is a) 10 days b) 14 days c) 3-7 days 31. Menstrual phase duration is a) 10 days b) 14 days c) 3-7 days 32. In menstrual phase shading all layers except a) basal layer b) compact layer c) spongy layer d) none of above 33. Site of fertilization is a) Uterus b) Ovary c) Fallopian tube d) Vagina 34. Acrosome reaction It occurs in a) Uterus b) Ovary c) Fallopian tube d) Vagina 35. Morula reach uterus a) 4th day after fertilization b) 5th and 6th after fertilization c) 7th day after fertilization 4 36. Morula transform to blastocyst in a) 4th day after fertilization b) 5th and 6th after fertilization c) 7th day after fertilization 37. Implantation of blastocyst in uterus a) 4th day after fertilization b) 5th and 6th after fertilization c) 7th day after fertilization 38. Site of implantation is a) Uterus b) Ovary c) Fallopian tube d) Vagina 39. Corona radiatia is penetrated by single sperm a) True b) False 40. Zona pellucida is penetrated by single sperm a) True b) False 41. morula consist...... blastomere and reaches the uterine cavity by the...... Day after fertilization a) 8 and reaches by the 5thday b) 16 and reaches by the 4th day c) 15 and reaches by the 6thday d) 9 and reaches by the 3rd day 42. blastocyst formed...... blastomeres? a) 20 b) 64 c) 16 d) 50 43. implantation is done by a) Morula b) Embryonic part of blastocyst c) Abembryonic part of blastocyst d) None of the above 44. chorion is formed by? a) Cytotrophoblast b) Extraembryonic mesoderm c) syncytiotrophblast d) All of the above 5 45. In which part of the extraembryonic mesoderm, no cavities appear? a) Connecting stalk b) Extra embryonic somatic mesoderm c) Extra embryonic splanchnic mesoderm and connecting stalk d) Extra embryonic splanchnic mesoderm 46. Placenta previa occurs when implantation occurs at a) Posterior wall of the uterus b) Close to the internal os of uterus (lower part of uterus) c) Anterior wall of uterus d) Uterine tube 47. The outer cell of blastocyst called a) Trophoblast b) embryoblast c) blastocele 48. Primitive streak is proliferation in a) Mesoderm b) Ectoderm c) Endoderm d) Ectoderm and endoderm 49. How may blastomeres are forming the morula a) 4 b) 16 c) 8 d) 20 50. Which cavity replaces the blastocele of the blastocyst during implantation a) Amnion b) Primary yolk sac c) Secondary yolk sac d) None of the given distractors 51. Which of the following stages begins process of implantation a) Morula b) Zygote c) Blastocyst d) None of the given distractors 52. The cavity of the blastocyst is called a) Antrum b) Amniotic cavity c) Blastocele d) None of the given distractors 53. At which day after fertilization does the morula come in contact with the uterine endometrium a) 4th b) 8th c) 2nd d) 6th 6 54. Cloacal membrane is formed by fusion of a) Ectoderm and mesoderm b) Ectoderm and endoderm c) Endoderm and mesoderm d) Ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm 55. connecting stalk is formed by? a) Endoderm b) Ectoderm c) Extra embryonic mesoderm d) Intraembryonic mesoderm 56. is formed of ectoderm fused with endoderm? a) Prechordal plate b) Cloacal membrane c) Notochord d) A and b 57. somites of intraembryonic mesoderm give rise to? a) Sclerotomes b) Myotomes c) Dermatomes d) All of the above 58. The most cranial part is a) septum transversum b) cloacal membrane c) cardiogenic area d) buccopharyngeal membrane 59. cells secrete HCG are a) Trophoblast b) embryoblast c) blastocele 60. Amniotic cavity lies a) dorsal to ectoderm b) dorsal to endoderm c) ventral to ectoderm d) ventral to endoderm 61. primary yolk sac lies a) dorsal to ectoderm b) dorsal to endoderm c) ventral to ectoderm d) ventral to endoderm 62. Which cells form Extra embryonic mesoderm a) cytotrophoblast b) embryoblast c) mesoderm 7 63. In which part of the extraembryonic mesoderm connecting inner and outer layer a) Connecting stalk b) Extra embryonic somatic mesoderm c) Extra embryonic splanchnic mesoderm and connecting stalk d) Extra embryonic splanchnic mesoderm 64. primary villi formed of a) cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast b) cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast and extra embryonic mesoderm c) cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast and extra embryonic mesoderm and fetal blood vessels 65. secondary villi formed of a) cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast b) cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast and extra embryonic mesoderm c) cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast and extra embryonic mesoderm and fetal blood vessels 66. tertiary villi formed of a) cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast b) cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast and extra embryonic mesoderm c) cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast and extra embryonic mesoderm and fetal blood vessels 67. The part of chorion invading uterine wall and contain viili a) chorion frondosum b) chorion leave 68. the part of chorion facing uterine cavity a) chorion frondosum b) chorion leave 69. part of decidua is deep to blastocyst a) decidua basalis b) decidua capsularis c) decidua parietalis 70. part of decidua is superficial to blastocyst a) decidua basalis b) decidua capsularis c) decidua parietalis 71. part of decidua is separate blastocyst from uterine cavity a) decidua basalis b) decidua capsularis c) decidua parietalis 72. the rest of endometrium called a) decidua basalis b) decidua capsularis c) decidua parietalis 8 73. Which part deepens inside the notochordal process transforming it into notochordal canal. a) primitive streak b) primitive node. c) primitive pit 74. connection is formed between the amniotic cavity and the yolk sac called a) neuroenteric canal b) definitive notochord c) notochordal plate d) notochordal canal 75. The junction between the ectoderm and the neural groove called a) neural crest b) neural tube 76. The neural crest becomes to the neural tube a) dorsolateral b) dorsomedial c) ventromedial d) ventrolateral 77. neuropores which close by the end of the week a) 4th b) 5th c) 6th d) 7th 78. neural crest differentiates forming a) central nervous system b) dorsal root ganglion 79. neural tube differentiates forming a) central nervous system b) dorsal root ganglion c) peripheral nervous system 80. Prechordal plate (Buccopharyngeal membrane) is future a) mouth b) heart c) anal canal and urethra d) Diaphragm 81. Cloacal membrane is future a) mouth b) heart c) anal canal and urethra d) Diaphragm 9 82. septum transversum is future a) mouth b) heart c) anal canal and urethra d) Diaphragm 83. cardiogenic area is future a) mouth b) heart c) anal canal and urethra d) Diaphragm 84. first pair of somites appear on the day of development a) 20th day b) 25th day c) 30th day 85. The last pair of somites development in the week a) 5th week b) 6th week c) 7th week d) 8th week Remember 86. number of somites Somites are a) 42-44 pairs 4 occipital b) 44-46 pairs 8 cervical c) 46-48 pairs 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 87. Sclerotome lies 5 sacral a) Ventromedial 8-10 coccygeal b) intermediate c) dorsolateral 88. Myotome lies a) Ventromedial b) intermediate c) dorsolateral 89. dermatome lies a) Ventromedial b) intermediate c) dorsolateral 90. Sclerotome differentiates into a) vertebral column and ribs b) muscles of the back c) the dermis of the skin 10 91. myotome differentiates into a) vertebral column and ribs b) muscles of the back c) the dermis of the skin 92. dermatome differentiates into a) vertebral column and ribs b) muscles of the back c) the dermis of the skin 93. Myotome and dermatome supplied by a) dorsal ramus b) ventral ramus 94. nephrogenic area is a) Intermediate mesoderm b) Paraxial mesoderm c) Lateral plate mesoderm 95. Lateral plate mesoderm is divided by a) intra embryonic coelom b) extra embryonic coelom 96. Which is true about splanchnic layer a) dorsal layer in contact with ectoderm b) dorsal layer in contact with endoderm c) ventral layer in contact with ectoderm d) ventral layer in contact with endoderm 97. Which is true about somatic layer a) dorsal layer in contact with ectoderm b) dorsal layer in contact with endoderm c) ventral layer in contact with ectoderm d) ventral layer in contact with endoderm 98. Ventral part and limbs differentiated from a) Somatic layer b) Splanchnic layer 99. the viscera differentiated from a) Somatic layer b) splanchnic layer 100. future epidermis is a) mesoderm b) ectoderm c) endoderm 11 101. Folding time is a) 3th week of pregnancy b) 4th week of pregnancy c) 5th week of pregnancy d) 6th week of pregnancy 102. Gut divided into a) foregut b) midgut c) hindgut d) all of above 103. Foregut in a) head fold b) between lateral folds c) tail fold 104. mid gut in a) head fold b) between lateral folds c) tail fold 105. hind gut in a) head fold b) between lateral folds c) tail fold 106. The most cranial part after folding a) prechordal plate b) cranial part of neural tube c) septum transversum d) cloacal membrane 107. maternal part of placenta formed by a) Decidua capsularis b) Chorion frondosum c) Decidua basalis d) Decidua parietalis 108. The hind gut is formed as a result of which fold a) Cranial b) Caudal c) Lateral d) None of the given distractors 109. The foregut formed in which part of yolk sac a) Middle b) Cranial c) Caudal d) None of the given distractors 12 110. Placenta at first 20 weeks formed of a) cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast b) cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast and extra embryonic mesoderm c) cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast and extra embryonic mesoderm and endothelium fetal blood vessels d) endothelium fetal blood vessels and syncytiotrophoblast 111. Placenta after first 20 weeks formed of a) cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast b) cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast and extra embryonic mesoderm c) cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast and extra embryonic mesoderm and endothelium fetal blood vessels d) endothelium fetal blood vessels and syncytiotrophoblast 112. placenta formed of a) chorion frondosum and decidua basalis b) chorion frondosum and decidua capsularis c) chorion leave and decidual basalis 113. placenta length is a) 10-15 cm b) 15-20 cm c) 20-25 cm d) 40 cm 114. Maternal surface of placenta formed of cotyledons arising from a) decidua basalis b) decidual capsularis c) decidua parietalis 115. lateral placenta previa a) Placenta is attached to lower uterine segment b) placenta is attached to margin of uterine cervix c) Placenta is covering internal os 116. marginal placenta previa a) Placenta is attached to lower uterine segment b) placenta is attached to margin of uterine cervix c) Placenta is covering internal os 117. bi lobed placenta formed a) two discoid equal parts b) three discoid equal parts c) small part of placenta is separated from main part d) Placenta occupying wide area of endometrium 118. tri lobed placenta formed a) two discoid equal parts b) three discoid equal parts c) small part of placenta is separated from main part d) Placenta occupying wide area of endometrium 13 119. accessory placenta formed a) two discoid equal parts b) three discoid equal parts c) small part of placenta is separated from main part d) Placenta occupying wide area of endometrium 120. diffuse placenta formed a) two discoid equal parts b) three discoid equal parts c) small part of placenta is separated from main part d) Placenta occupying wide area of endometrium 121. which a separate piece of the placenta is seen some distance from the original place a) Battledore b) Tripartite or multilobula c) Bipartite placenta d) Placenta succentariata 122. Accompanied by long cord and excessive movement a) true knots b) false knots 123. umbilical cord length is a) 10-15 cm b) 15-20 cm c) 20-25 cm d) 50-60 cm 124. Normal amount of amniotic fluid a) 1500-2000 ml b) 750 -1000 ml c) 750 -1500 d) 2000-3000 125. Renal agenesis is usually associated with a) Esophageal stenosis b) Polyhydramnios c) Oligohydramnios d) Duodenal stenosis 126. anencephaly is usually associated with a) Esophageal stenosis b) Polyhydramnios c) Oligohydramnios d) Duodenal stenosis 14 127. maternal diabetes is usually associated with a) Esophageal stenosis b) Polyhydramnios c) Oligohydramnios d) Duodenal stenosis 128. Oligohydramnios is a) Less than 400ml b) less than 1500 ml c) less than 700 ml d) less than 200 ml 129. polyhydramnios is a) more than 400ml b) more than 1500 ml c) more than 2000 ml d) more than 1000 ml 130. Tertiary yolk sac divided into a) the gut b) definitive yolk sac c) vitelline duct d) all of above 131. The usual outcome of vitelline duct a) fibrosis b) Disappearance 132. The usual outcome of urachus a) fibrosis b) Disappearance 133. After a delivery of a baby the doctor noticed an abnormal secretion coming from the umbilical cord. He examined the secretion and found that it is coming from the intestines of the baby. The possible diagnosis is a) Urachal fistula b) Urachal cyst c) Vitelline fistula d) Vitelline cyst 134. After a delivery of a baby the doctor noticed a urine secretion coming from the umbilical cord. He examined the urine and found that it is coming from the urinary bladder of the baby. The possible diagnosis is a) Urachal fistula b) Urachal cyst c) Vitelline fistula d) Vitelline cyst 15 135. After a delivery of a baby the doctor noticed an abnormal secretion coming from the umbilical cord. He examined the secretion and found that it is coming from the intestines of the baby. Other abnormal secretions that may come from the umbilicus include a) Saliva b) CSF c) Gastric juice d) Urine 136. After a delivery of a baby the doctor noticed an abnormal secretion coming from the umbilical cord. He examined the secretion and found that it is coming from the intestines of the baby. The abnormally patent duct connects umbilical cord to a) Foregut b) Midgut c) Hindgut d) Neural tube 137. After a delivery of a baby the doctor noticed an abnormal surine coming from the umbilical cord. He examined the urine and found that it is coming from the urinary bladder of the baby. The abnormally patent duct connects umbilical cord to a) Foregut b) Midgut c) Hindgut d) Neural tube 138. After a delivery of a baby the doctor noticed an abnormal secretion coming from the umbilical cord. He examined the secretion and found that it is coming from the intestines of the baby. The normal fate of this duct is a) Fibrosis b) Disappearance c) Its middle part is present d) The part attached to the gut is present 16 SAQ: 139. Normal and abnormal site of implantation: (VIP) → Normal in Upper third of uterus (posterior wall) → Abnormal sites of implantation: 1. Placenta Previa implantation in lower part of uterus 2. Ectopic pregnancy: a) Tubal pregnancy b) Ovarian pregnancy c) Abdominal pregnancy 140. Changes of blastocyst during implantation: - Trophoblast differentiate or divide to outer syncytiotrophoblast and inner - cytotrophoblast - Embryoblast differentiate into Ectoderm and Endoderm - Two cavities are formed amniotic cavity and primary yolk sac (replaces blastocoele) 141. Changes of trophoblasts during implantation: Trophoblast differentiate or divide to - Outer syncytiotrophoblast - inner cytotrophoblast 142. Changes of embryo blasts during implantation: Embryoblast differentiate to - Ectoderm - Endoderm 143. Changes of blastocoele during implantation: Two cavities are formed - amniotic cavity dorsal to ectoderm - primary yolk sac ventral to endoderm 144. Component of blastocyst: cavity is called blastocoel and cells are called blastomeres 64 cells and divides into - Outer trophoblast - Inner embryo blasts 145. Chorion: - Syncytiotrophoblast - Cytotrophoblast - Extraembryonic mesoderm 146. Chronic sac: - Chorion - Bilaminar germ cell ectoderm and endoderm - Chorionic cavity 147. steps of fertilization: - Penetration of corona radiata by many sperms - Penetration of zona pellucida by a single sperm - Fusion of sperm and secondary oocyte - Complete second meiotic division forming an ovum and second polar body - fusion ova and sperm forming embryo 148. Results of fertilization: - Restoration of diploid number of chromosomes (46) - Sex determination fertilization by X sperm forming 44+xx female - Fertilization by Y sperm 44+xy male - cleavage of zygote 149. formation of Primary villi: - formed of syncytiotrophoblast + cytotrophoblast. 17 150. formation of Secondary villi: - formed of syncytiotrophoblast + cytotrophoblast and extraembryonic mesoderm 151. Formation of Tertiary villi: - formed of syncytiotrophoblast + cytotrophoblast and extraembryonic mesoderm invaded by fetal blood 152. Parts of chorion: - Chorion frondosum part of chorion invading Uterine wall - Chorion leave Part of chorion facing uterine cavity 153. Parts of villi: - Stem villi extend from the base of the chorion (chorionic plate) - Branching villi extend from stem villi 154. Placenta formation: - formed of chorion frondosum and decidua basalis 155. At the first 20 weeks of pregnancy the placenta formed: - syncytiotrophoblast - cytotrophoblast - extraembryonic mesoderm - endothelium of the fetal vessels 156. After 20 weeks of placenta formed of: the placenta formed of - syncytiotrophoblast - endothelium of fetal vessels too 157. Functions of the placenta: ‫عل األقل تالته او اربعه االسهل ليك يف كتابه‬ ‫دور عليها بنفسك واحفظ ي‬ 158. Enumerate placenta Position anomalies: - lateral placenta previa - Marginal placenta previa - Central placenta previa 159. placenta Shape anomalies: - Bilobed - Trilobed - Accessory - Diffuse 160. Enumerate Umbilical cord attachment anomalies: - Battledore placenta - Velamentous attachment 161. Enumerate Umbilical cord content: (VIP) 1. Warton’s jelly 2. Umbilical vessels a) right and left umbilical arteries b) Right and left umbilical veins: the Rt rapidly disappears 3. Vitelline duct 4. Urachus 162. Functions of the amniotic fluid: (VIP) ‫عل األقل تالته او اربعه االسهل ليك يف كتابه‬ ‫دور عليها بنفسك واحفظ ي‬ 163. Enumerate Oligohydramnios causes: - Renal agenesis - Urinary tract obstruction 18 164. enumerate Polyhydramnios causes: - Idiopathic - Maternal diabetes - Neural tube defect - GIT obstruction 165. Enumerate Anomalies of umbilical cord: - Very long cord - Very short cord - Knots of the cord 166. Functions of the yolk sac - Nutritive function - The endoderm of its roof forms the epithelial lining of the gut and respiratory system - The allantois forms part of the urinary bladder - Primary germ cells 167. Enumerate Anomalies of vitelline duct - Vitelline ligament - Vitelline cyst - Meckel’s diverticulum - Vitelline fistula 168. enumerate Anomalies of allantois: - Urachal cyst - Urachal diverticulum - Urachal sinus - Urachal fistula ‫ربنا معاكم و يوفقكم‬ 19