CVS (42-44) PDF Past Paper

CVS (42-44) 1. Development of Main Arteries 1. At the initial stages of development, how many sets of aortic vessels are formed? A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 Answer: B) 3 2. What structure connects the ventral aortic sac to the dorsal aortae? A) Pulmonary arteries B) Aortic arches C) Subclavian arte...

CVS (42-44) 1. Development of Main Arteries 1. At the initial stages of development, how many sets of aortic vessels are formed? A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 Answer: B) 3 2. What structure connects the ventral aortic sac to the dorsal aortae? A) Pulmonary arteries B) Aortic arches C) Subclavian arteries D) Maxillary arteries Answer: B) Aortic arches 3. Which vessel is described as a “dilated vessel above the truncus arteriosus”? A) Dorsal aorta B) Ventral aortic sac C) Pulmonary trunk D) External carotid artery Answer: B) Ventral aortic sac --- 2. Fate of Aortic Arches 4. What does the proximal part of the 3rd aortic arch give rise to? A) External carotid artery B) Maxillary artery C) Common carotid artery D) Stapedial artery Answer: C) Common carotid artery 5. Which part of the left dorsal aorta forms the descending aorta? A) Between the 1st and 3rd arches B) Caudal to the 6th arch C) Between the 4th and 5th arches D) Proximal to the 7th intersegmental artery Answer: B) Caudal to the 6th arch 6. What happens to the 5th aortic arch during development? A) Forms the pulmonary arteries B) Becomes the ductus arteriosus C) Disappears completely or fails to develop D) Forms the brachiocephalic artery Answer: C) Disappears completely or fails to develop --- 3. Embryological Parts of the Aortic Arch 7. The left part of the aortic sac forms which structure? A) Innominate artery B) Proximal arch of the aorta C) Right subclavian artery D) Pulmonary trunk Answer: B) Proximal arch of the aorta 8. What forms the stem of the right subclavian artery? A) Left dorsal aorta B) Right 4th aortic arch C) Right 6th aortic arch D) Ventral aortic sac Answer: B) Right 4th aortic arch 9. Which embryological structure gives rise to the ductus arteriosus? A) Right dorsal aorta B) Ventral part of the 6th aortic arch (left side) C) Dorsal part of the 6th aortic arch (right side) D) Proximal part of the 3rd aortic arch Answer: B) Ventral part of the 6th aortic arch (left side) --- 4. Congenital Anomalies of Main Arteries 10. What causes an abnormal origin of the right subclavian artery? A) Persistence of the right dorsal aorta B) Degeneration of the right 4th aortic arch and dorsal aorta above the 7th intersegmental artery C) Degeneration of the left dorsal aorta D) Persistence of the 6th aortic arch Answer: B) Degeneration of the right 4th aortic arch and dorsal aorta above the 7th intersegmental artery 11. What results in a double aortic arch? A) Degeneration of the right dorsal aorta B) Degeneration of the left 6th arch C) Persistence of the distal part of the right dorsal aorta D) Persistence of the 5th aortic arch Answer: C) Persistence of the distal part of the right dorsal aorta 12. Coarctation of the aorta involves a local narrowing near which location? A) Origin of the right subclavian artery B) Distal to the left subclavian artery C) Proximal to the descending aorta D) At the junction of the 4th and 5th arches Answer: B) Distal to the left subclavian artery 13. Which condition arises from the failure of closure of the ductus arteriosus? A) Coarctation of the aorta B) Right aortic arch C) Patent ductus arteriosus D) Abnormal origin of the subclavian artery Answer: C) Patent ductus arteriosus 14. Right aortic arch occurs due to which developmental anomaly? A) Persistence of the right dorsal aorta and degeneration of the left dorsal aorta B) Degeneration of both dorsal aortae C) Persistence of the right 6th arch D) Degeneration of the left 3rd aortic arch Answer: A) Persistence of the right dorsal aorta and degeneration of the left dorsal aorta 15. Which congenital anomaly is associated with the 7th intersegmental artery? A) Right subclavian artery abnormality B) Double aortic arch C) Patent ductus arteriosus D) Coarctation of the aorta Answer: A) Right subclavian artery abnormality '/