Under 5 Mortality PDF

**[L3: Under 5 mortality]** - Neonatal mortality (NN): the probability of dying within the first 28 days of life - Post-neonatal mortality (PNN): the probability of dying between 29 days and 1^st^ birthday - Infant mortality (1q0): the probability of dying between birth and firs...

**[L3: Under 5 mortality]** - Neonatal mortality (NN): the probability of dying within the first 28 days of life - Post-neonatal mortality (PNN): the probability of dying between 29 days and 1^st^ birthday - Infant mortality (1q0): the probability of dying between birth and first birthday - Child mortality (4q1): the probability of dying between the ages of 1 and 5 - Under-five mortality (5q0): the probability of dying between birth and the 5^th^ birthday - LMICs have higher child mortality rates - Determinants of under-5 mortality: - Socio-economic factors - Biodemographic factors (maternal age, birth spacing...) - Environmental factors - Biological factors - Family behaviours access to healthcare - Role of malnutrition: - Underlying cause in up to 50% of all child deaths in developing countries - Acute, chronic and combined malnutrition - Micronutrient deficiencies - Global child mortality has reduced by 56% between 1990 and 2015 - SDG to reduce NN to 12 per 1,000 live births and under-5 mortality to 25 per 1,000 live births by 2030 - Factors that have driven a decline in mortality: - Improvements in women's education and literacy - Economic advantages associated with education - Influences on preventative and curative health services - Health beliefs and domestic practices - Falling fertility and increasing birth intervals - Improved per capita household income - Improved nutritional status - Improved environmental conditions - Improved health coverage - Increased investment in public sector - Global challenges in reducing child mortality: - Variation amongst countries - Conflict - Climate change - Increased inequity between countries - Poor access in some countries to curative services