Explore More Water Quality Full Program PDF

TEACHER INSTRUCTION PAGE (delete this slide) 3-2-1 Reading Summary Student Activity: In this printable activity, students complete a 3-2-1 Graphic Organizer to summarize what they learned. It also includes pages for vocabulary, reading the article and taking notes, short answer questions, multiple choice questions, and a discussion worksheet for open-ended prompts. How to share with students: These pages are sized for printing or can be assigned digitally using an LMS (like Google Classroom), where students can work on their own slide decks via “Make a Copy for Each Student.” Each slide is set up with text boxes for students to type in. Please Note: Because Difﬁt resources can vary in length, be sure to check the formatting on each slide. Suggested Lesson Flow: 1. Students record what they notice and what they wonder about the image. 2. Complete the 3-2-1 Graphic Organizer 3. Students read and take notes. 4. Students answer the questions and explain their thinking. 5. Students write answers to the short answer questions. 6. Have students complete the Open Ended Questions and discuss with partners or groups. Feel free to edit, remix, and use this resource however works best for you and your students! Find editing tips here! Learn More: Please reach out with any questions or feedback. You can also learn more on our FAQ page, or get more resources at Difﬁt.me! TEACHER INSTRUCTION PAGE (delete this slide) Image Analysis: Notice & Wonder Instructions: Look at the image and write down 2-3 things you notice (key details, main ideas, themes) and then write down 2-3 things you wonder (questions you have because of the image, things you are curious about when you look at the image.) What do you notice? What do you wonder? Created with web.difﬁt.me 3-2-1 What I Learned Instructions: After reading, complete this 3-2-1 chart using all of the vocabulary words. Key Vocabulary hydrology pathogens contaminate ecosystems nutrients The branch of science concerned with the properties, distribution, A bacterium, virus, or To make something A community of living A substance that organisms in conjunction with provides nourishment and circulation of water on and other microorganism impure or poisonous below the surface of the earth, the nonliving components of essential for growth and especially as it relates to the that can cause by adding a harmful their environment, interacting the maintenance of life. effects of human activity. disease. substance. as a system. 3 Things I Learned… From the reading I learned… Another thing I learned… One more thing I learned… 2 Drawings or Pictures to Represent the Reading… 1 Question I have is… After reading, one question I have is… Created with web.difﬁt.me Read & Take Notes Instructions: Read the passage below. Take notes in the space provided. Take Notes Here ## Explore More: Water Quality | Full Program Water is one of the most crucial natural resources on our planet. It's a resource we absolutely cannot live without. [Music] How much do you really know about water? Did you know that the amount of water on Earth today is the same as when the planet was formed? There will never be more or less water. Did you also know that 97% of that water is saltwater in the oceans, unusable for our daily needs? Another 2% is frozen in ice caps and glaciers. That leaves only 1% of the planet's entire water supply – rivers, lakes, and groundwater – to meet everyone's water needs. Here's the catch: many of these rivers, lakes, and groundwater sources are impaired or endangered by pollutants. That's right, this limited resource we all rely on every day is in serious jeopardy, from simple dirt to toxic chemicals. Pollutants in our waterways threaten our health and the health of the environment. So how are these pollutants getting into our waterways, and what can we do about it? That's the complicated puzzle we'll explore more today. Solving the water quality puzzle is a huge challenge because there are so many pieces to consider: * **How we use water:** We all need drinking water. A human can go weeks without food, but only days without water. We don't just need water to survive, we need clean water. Drinking water accounts for a tiny percentage of our overall water usage – less than 1% – but it's one of the most important uses. We also need water for household chores like laundry and cleaning, for growing gardens and keeping lawns green. Beyond household chores, water is used in many manufacturing processes, as an ingredient in food production, as a coolant for producing steel and power, as the driving force in hydroelectric generation, and the list goes on. One of water's biggest jobs is helping to feed the world. Water is essential to agriculture. Without it, farmers couldn't grow crops or produce livestock. Beyond its use in the production of goods, water is often used to transport those goods to market. Waterways are integral to national and worldwide shipping. When water's not working, it's playing. One of its most popular uses is for recreation – swimming, water skiing, ﬁshing. The water has to be clean. Polluted recreational waters spell trouble for both Created with web.difﬁt.me Read & Take Notes Instructions: Read the passage below. Take notes in the space provided. Take Notes Here humans and wildlife. This brings us to the ﬁnal use: habitat for wildlife. Rivers, lakes, and oceans support entire diverse and fragile ecosystems. These ecosystems can be shattered by even the smallest changes in water quality. We depend so heavily on water. Isn't it ironic that many of the ways we use it are actually impairing its quality? Careless industrial use of water can contaminate the resource with toxic chemicals. Recreational boats and jet skis can dump gas and oil into the very water we want to enjoy. * **Practices that threaten water quality:** If the ways we use water were the only practices creating pollution problems, the puzzle would be solved. We'd just change the ways we use water. But it's not that simple. A whole range of practices – the individual actions we take and decisions we make – affect water quality. We all live downstream of someone else, and there's someone else that lives downstream of us that needs to utilize that water. So it's important to be careful about how you use the watershed and the land in that area and what you might be introducing into that water body. One person's decision to properly dispose of paint keeps that paint out of a stream. One developer's decision to control erosion keeps sediment out of a river. Multiply those individual decisions across an entire community, and you can see the impact proper practices can have. * **Pollutants:** Practices are closely tied to the centerpiece of this whole water quality puzzle: pollutants. Some water pollutants are easy to see, like garbage, but the most serious pollution problems aren't as obvious. Sediment, nutrients, chemicals, and pathogens are all major threats. * **Sediment:** Sediment is simply soil. It's a valuable resource in a farm ﬁeld or along a stream bank, but it becomes a major problem when it's washed into waterways. The root of the problem is erosion. Erosion off farm ﬁelds, construction sites without proper sediment control structures, overgrazed pasture areas, and cattle access directly to streams all contribute to sediment erosion. Stream banks without sufﬁcient vegetation can also be a major source of sediment. Why is soil so damaging when it's in water? It affects everything from the way water looks to what can live in it. Sediment can block sunlight, inﬂuencing what types of vegetation and species can thrive in that water. Sediment ﬁlls in waterways, affecting transportation and Created with web.difﬁt.me Read & Take Notes Instructions: Read the passage below. Take notes in the space provided. Take Notes Here recreation. Sediment can also carry other pollutants, like toxic chemicals, which attach to the sediment, making it a double threat. * **Nutrients:** Nitrogen and phosphorus are natural components of manure, human sewage, and decaying organic matter like leaves. They're also present in manufactured fertilizers. Nutrients are applied to farm ﬁelds to feed crops and to backyard gardens. They're used to green up golf courses and lawns. They become a problem when precipitation washes nutrients off the land and into waterways. Once they're in water, they do what they do on land: enhance plant growth. When we have too much nitrogen in the water, your water tends to turn green and you get a lot of algae blooms. When those algae blooms ﬁnally die and the algae start to decompose, they take up all the oxygen in the water, causing problems for ﬁsh and plants because they need that oxygen. Nutrients aren't just damaging to watery ecosystems, they also pose a real risk to humans. Nitrates, a byproduct of nitrogen, are especially dangerous. When we have too much nitrogen in drinking water, for instance, babies and infants under 6 months of age can develop something called blue baby syndrome. Their blood can't carry enough oxygen, which can cause health problems. Older people or people in poor health can also have this problem. The risk is so serious that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) tightly regulates the levels allowed in drinking water. * **Chemicals:** Some chemicals commonly used in manufacturing, like mercury, PCBs, and lead, are toxic to the environment and humans when they reach certain levels. Because of the health risks these chemicals pose, the EPA carefully regulates industrial waste. Special permits govern the disposal of toxic chemicals, but spills, accidents, and improper disposal mean they still get into waterways. The problem isn't just industrial, either. Think of the toxins around your own house: cleaners, paint thinners, pesticides, oil. Improper disposal of just 1 gallon of oil can impair 250,000 gallons of water – about the amount of water in this pool. Agriculture also relies heavily on chemicals like herbicides and pesticides. Their application needs to be carefully controlled to prevent contamination of water. The list of chemicals we use every day has grown faster than our knowledge of how they interact with the environment. Emerging contaminants, a buzzword in water circles, looks at chemicals not traditionally tracked, like Created with web.difﬁt.me Read & Take Notes Instructions: Read the passage below. Take notes in the space provided. Take Notes Here caffeine, over-the-counter drugs, antibiotics, and disinfectants. A study completed by the United States Geological Survey found levels of many of these contaminants in streams across the United States. Now the real work begins to see what, if any, effects these chemicals have on water quality. * **Pathogens:** Pathogens are probably the most serious threat to our health. Pathogens are disease-causing bacteria and viruses. They can come from human sewage or raw animal waste. If pathogens contaminate water and aren't eliminated during treatment, the tiny organisms can kill. One of the real risks that anybody faces who treats water, either to drink or to make it suitable for ﬁsh and wildlife, is killing certain kinds of viral infections or bacteria. Cryptosporidium is a virus that appeared in the Milwaukee water system about 10 years ago and killed a number of people there. The stakes don't get much higher than that. * **Hydrology:** Knowing what's getting into the water is important, but it isn't enough. The next piece of the puzzle is understanding how it's getting in the water. The basic hydrology, or water cycle, picks up these pollutants and moves them into waterways. The water cycle, or hydrologic cycle, is the process by which water is transported from the land surface into the atmosphere and then back down to the land surface. What happens to water when it reaches the land surface? There are a number of different pathways it can follow. You have precipitation that falls to the land surface, either as rain, snow, or ice. You can have some evaporation, or water that heads back up into the atmosphere. You can have some inﬁltration into the shallow subsurface, where it replenishes soil moisture. Plants can uptake the water at that point. Transpiration can occur, where the water is released through the stems and leaves of plants back into the atmosphere. Some of the water can run off the landscape to a nearby water body, be it a stream, river, pond, or wetland area. Then there's some inﬁltration that occurs deeper into the subsurface and replenishes our groundwater resources. During any or all of those steps in the cycle, water can come into contact with pollutants. They get picked up and washed into waterways. As important as the cycle itself are the ways we've interfered with it. The modiﬁcations we've made over time to the land's natural hydrology. These changes give pollutants a straight shot into water. Hydrology, or how water moves across the landscape through Created with web.difﬁt.me Read & Take Notes Instructions: Read the passage below. Take notes in the space provided. Take Notes Here the underlying deposits, has really changed through time. If we take rural areas for example, so many acres in Iowa have been tiled. What tiling does is you're inserting tiles 3 to 4 feet beneath the ground surface. What that does is it drains the landscape and then funnels the water directly to a nearby stream. So it's speeding up the movement of water off the land surface into a nearby stream. These agricultural modiﬁcations essentially short-circuit or sidestep nature's intended plumbing system that includes wetlands, vegetation, and soil. These natural ﬁlters slow down water's movement, allowing more time for pollutants to ﬁlter out of the water. It's not just agricultural modiﬁcations that short-circuit the system. Urban areas with acres of concrete, steel, and asphalt do the same thing in a different way. I believe we now have what I call a runoff-driven hydrology. So when rain now falls on a roof, on an asphalt parking lot, on a concrete road, it can't absorb. Instead of absorbing, water runs over these solid surfaces, picking up pollutants like sediment and oil. The runoff moves back to waterways or ﬂows down stormwater drains, which dump directly into streams and rivers. * **Sources:** The last piece of the puzzle we'll look at is the sources of pollutants. Almost any place, anyone, or anything is a potential source of pollutants. That's why water quality experts group sources into two main categories: point sources and non-point sources. Point source discharges are discharges that come from a ﬁxed pipe. It'd be like a wastewater treatment plant that would be discharging wastewater into the stream. Point source pollutants used to be the biggest water quality problem in the United States. The Clean Water Act of 1972 addressed the problem by laying out strict regulations controlling levels of discharge. The Act effectively plugged the pipes. Now the ﬁnal frontier for water quality is controlling non-point source discharges. Non-point: there is no one particular pipe that would be able to be identiﬁed as the discharge. It is just kind of an overland ﬂow of the water that goes into little creeks and drainage ways that ultimately end up in the river. Regulations that worked so well on the point source pollution problem are next to impossible to implement on a case-by-case basis, making the non-point source problem much tougher to solve. So there they are: uses, practices, pollutants, hydrology, sources. I know you're wondering what that ﬁnal piece of the Created with web.difﬁt.me Read & Take Notes Instructions: Read the passage below. Take notes in the space provided. Take Notes Here puzzle is. Well, stick around. With all these puzzle pieces to consider, pieces that are always shifting and changing, how are water quality problems ever addressed? Good question. Many experts are answering with a powerful tool called the watershed approach. It essentially frames individual pieces of a speciﬁc water quality problem, providing a perspective on the puzzle. The watershed approach narrows the physical scope of a speciﬁc water quality problem, allowing experts to isolate and examine the pieces of the puzzle in play: particular pollutants, their sources, the area hydrology. Let's explore more about this important framework. A watershed is the land area that drains to a body of water, be it a lake, a stream, or a pond. Watersheds vary in size. For example, the Mississippi River Watershed drains 40% of the entire United States. That massive watershed can be broken down into several large watersheds, which can be broken down even further into smaller watersheds, scaling all the way down to areas that maybe just a few square miles in size. By narrowing the scope of a problem, it's easier to zero in on the threats to an individual water body and to trace the sources of those threats. What's going on in the watershed? What are potential sources of pollutants that might be contributing to that watershed? Knowing the potential sources of pollutants, the different land uses, and practices playing out within a watershed gives everyone a heads up on what pollutants to watch for. Got a lot of farmland in your watershed? Expect nutrients from fertilizers. Industrial development? Expect chemicals. Residential areas? Expect nutrients, sediment, and household chemicals. More than just a theory, the watershed approach takes a practical approach to solving real water quality problems. Let's look at it in action. Winterset is a small community in central Iowa facing a big water quality problem: nitrates. Well, nitrates can come from several different sources in our water. Approximately 80% of our watershed is cropland, so we're fairly conﬁdent that we know it's fertilizer runoff. One option is to put in a nitrate removal addition to our plant here, and it would cost us approximately $800,000 to make that addition. What we would rather do is our other option, which is to do work in the watershed to try and solve the problem there. That would consist of constructed wetlands, ponds, buffer strips. We've had modeling done that shows us that with as little as 3 to 5 wetlands in our watershed, we should be able to cut our nitrate levels below the maximum contaminant level. We're a pretty closed Created with web.difﬁt.me Read & Take Notes Instructions: Read the passage below. Take notes in the space provided. Take Notes Here watershed, small and manageable. From all indications, once we get these wetlands constructed, we'll see results almost immediately. It's not real high-tech, but it's something that's proven to work in the past. The watershed approach allowed experts to identify the pollutant (nitrates), identify the source (farm runoff), and then work with the watershed's hydrology to come up with the solution. Pretty slick, huh? But what if your watershed isn't small and manageable? Let's look at the nitrate problem playing out on a much larger scale. At the end of the Mississippi River's long journey lies the Gulf of Mexico and the dead zone. The dead zone is a seasonal phenomenon, a huge area where oxygen levels are too low to support aquatic life. Experts believe that excess nutrients like nitrogen washing down the river and into the Gulf are responsible for the dead zone. Remember, the Mississippi River carries water drained from 40% of the United States, water that moves through farmland and urban areas alike. With such a large watershed, it's not as simple to pinpoint the sources of the excess nutrients. Most often, the blame is put on farmers. A lot of people would like to say that the farmers in the Upper Midwest are to blame because there certainly have been some concerns about runoff from farm ﬁelds, but the issue is much more complex than that. You can't just point your ﬁnger at one source. You have to look at the number of people that live within the Mississippi River Basin. Farmland isn't the only source of nutrients. It's only the most obvious. Lawns, gardens, and golf courses also all use fertilizers. Certainly, as cities grow, that's going to contribute to more nutrients in the water. You have wastewater treatment facilities that actually convert waste from ammonia into nitrates, and that's legal, and they discharge that into the water. So if we're going to solve the issue, which we all have an interest in solving that issue, we can't just look at one piece of the pie. Some proposals ask farmers to considerably reduce the amount of nutrients they use, but if we all contribute to the problem, is it fair to expect farmers to bear the burden of ﬁxing it? A tough problem to solve, especially on this large scale. As the size of the watershed increases, so do the number of potential pollutant sources and the number of competing solutions. Some water quality problems aren't only deﬁned by the borders of a watershed. Political and economic boundaries also shape the problem. Manure management is one of those problems. In big pork-producing states like North Carolina and Iowa, nothing gets folks ﬁred up Created with web.difﬁt.me Read & Take Notes Instructions: Read the passage below. Take notes in the space provided. Take Notes Here faster than a good hog lot debate. Record-high nitrates, antibiotics in our water, we've had half the beaches in the state at state lakes close, we've had a whole series of ﬁsh kills throughout the state. Iowans want the issue of water quality and the negative impact of animal conﬁnements on water quality to be addressed. To some, they're the sweet smell of money. To others, the smell is anything but sweet. Large animal conﬁnements represent a major shift in farming from small family operations raising a few hundred head to large conﬁnements raising thousands of animals at a time. Critics say the sheer concentration of animals makes the farms major environmental hazards to the air, the land, and you guessed it, the water. Most of the stink, at least where water quality is concerned, centers on the way hog conﬁnements manage manure, a potential water pollutant. The farms raise thousands of animals, which produce tons of manure. The most common way to manage the manure is to store it in earth and lagoons. The lagoons can seep into groundwater, and they can spill over, which has happened from time to time. The threats from storage, the spills, and the leaks aren't the only problems. Farmers use manure as fertilizer for their ﬁelds, and whether the manure comes from a large operation or a small one, it has to be applied correctly. You know, you can be a small farmer and still screw up the groundwater. We know that from history, but the one factor in which scale does make it more difﬁcult to protect the water quality is that when you concentrate a lot of animals in one place, then it becomes economically difﬁcult to spread that manure over enough land so that you don't overapply it, and that in turn, of course, is a threat to the water quality. The more hogs you have, the more manure you have, and the more land you need to absorb it. Overapplication results in runoff, which can put two major pollutants right into the water: excess nutrients or worse, pathogens, both of which are found in animal manure. In Iowa, manure runoff is thought to be a major contributing source of bacteria, which forced beach closings during the summer. So if these operations are such a threat, why doesn't the state just shut them down? Two reasons: the ﬁrst is money. Hog production has a $12 billion economic impact in Iowa, an impact the state can't afford to lose. The second reason: not every operation is a threat to water quality. In fact, many farmers are taking the proper steps to protect water, acting as good stewards of our natural resources. Alan Bert and his family run a large hog operation in central Iowa and take protecting water Created with web.difﬁt.me Read & Take Notes Instructions: Read the passage below. Take notes in the space provided. Take Notes Here very seriously. My role as a farmer with the water is, ﬁrst of all, there's no more water ever being created. What is here is here, and so for me to poison or contaminate the water that runs down through our creeks and rivers wouldn't be a smart thing to do. Bert says his operation goes the extra mile to keep manure on the land and out of the water. We try to maintain a small amount of tillage so that our manure doesn't leave the farm. We put up grass waterways, buffer strips, we plant a lot of trees, all of which are examples of recommended best management practices, or BMPs. Unfortunately, not every farmer uses those BMPs because of political and economic inﬂuences. There are no simple solutions to this problem. Legislation, regulation, management changes, new technologies – they're all options that could help keep animal manure from threatening water. When it comes to water quality, farms get a lot of the focus, but urban areas contribute their fair share of water pollutants, too. All the puzzle pieces are in play: uses, practices, pollutants, sources, hydrology. This piece of the puzzle is easiest to identify in an urban setting: the shift from grassy natural areas to pavement and asphalt everywhere. Urban resource conservationist Wayne Peterson says that this is one piece of the puzzle we can affect dramatically by employing green development. The deﬁnition of green development that I like to use is development that does not create or add negative environmental impacts. I believe that we will see designs of new development start to incorporate more focus on how are we going to manage water and how is water going to move off of this landscape in a post-development setting. Peterson envisions a return to a more natural hydrology for urban areas. Having water moving through the system properly in a sustainable way is kind of like the foundation of an ecosystem, and if you've got a bad foundation on a building, it's probably going to crumple over time. And if you don't manage water properly, which is the foundation of the ecosystem, I believe all other aspects of that ecosystem will tend to unravel. I know we're not going to turn the whole world back into prairie, of course, but I do think we can understand how water might once have moved through this natural or native ecosystem, and I think we can design new developments that will mimic the way that landscape functioned, even if it doesn't look like it once did. Knowing which piece of the puzzle to target to create the greatest change can have the greatest effect on your problem, which brings us to the ﬁnal piece of the puzzle: you. Individual Created with web.difﬁt.me Read & Take Notes Instructions: Read the passage below. Take notes in the space provided. Take Notes Here responsibility for water quality is the key to solving this puzzle. Awareness of the problem isn't enough. It's only when that new knowledge is put into action that we'll begin to see a difference in our water's quality. An idea these kids have taken to heart. They're the environmental club from Davenport West. Their city sits on the bank of the Mississippi River, but they monitor nearby streams, checking for nitrates, phosphorus, and the water's general health. I was curious to know how Iowa's water, like how clean it was, since we're drinking it. The club reports their results to a statewide citizen-based group monitoring water's quality. It's really important to get involved in this sort of thing, and most people, they wouldn't think of doing something like this. People are glad to know that I'm doing something that helps the environment. It's a good feeling. It doesn't matter where you live. Don't just sit there, make a splash. Get involved. Identify which pieces of the water quality puzzle are in play, then take action. Change a personal practice, monitor a stream, educate a neighbor. It's up to you. The most important piece when it comes to solving the water quality puzzle. [Music] This program was funded by the Roy J. Carver Charitable Trust, the US Department of Education Star Schools Program, and Iowa Public Television. [Music] Created with web.difﬁt.me Answer and Explain Instructions: For each question, answer the question and then explain why you picked the answer you did using speciﬁc evidence from the text. Question: 1. What is the main reason why the author believes that the water quality puzzle is so difﬁcult to solve? Pick the Answer Explain: Why did you pick that A) The author believes the water quality puzzle is difﬁcult to solve because there are so many different answer? sources of pollutants. B) The author believes the water quality puzzle is difﬁcult to solve because it is hard to get people to change their habits. C) The author believes the water quality puzzle is difﬁcult to solve because there are so many different ways that water is used. D) The author believes the water quality puzzle is difﬁcult to solve because the sources of pollution are constantly changing. Question: 2. What is the main difference between point source and non-point source pollution? Pick the Answer Explain: Why did you pick that A) Point source pollution is caused by human activity, while non-point source pollution is answer? caused by natural processes. B) Point source pollution is easier to control than non-point source pollution. C) Point source pollution is caused by a speciﬁc identiﬁable source, while non-point source pollution is caused by a variety of sources. D) Point source pollution is more harmful to the environment than non-point source pollution. Question: 3. What is the main beneﬁt of using the watershed approach to solve water quality problems? Pick the Answer Explain: Why did you pick that answer? A) The watershed approach allows experts to identify the speciﬁc sources of pollution and develop targeted solutions. B) The watershed approach allows experts to monitor water quality over a long period of time. C) The watershed approach allows experts to educate the public about water quality issues. D) The watershed approach allows experts to work with different government agencies to solve water quality problems. Created with web.difﬁt.me Short Answer Questions 1. What is the main reason why the amount of water on Earth is considered a Question limited resource? 2. What are two examples of how human activities can contribute to sediment pollution in Question waterways? 3. What is one example of a chemical commonly used in manufacturing that can be Question toxic to the environment and humans when it reaches certain levels? Created with web.difﬁt.me Reflect and Discuss Instructions: Respond to the following question using the reading and your own knowledge and experiences. Be as thorough as possible. 1. The text discusses how our actions, both big and small, can impact water quality. Think about your own daily life and identify three ways you personally contribute to water pollution. Then, consider three ways you could change your habits to reduce your impact. Write Your Response Here. Be sure to use what you learned in the reading and your own knowledge and experiences to answer the question thoroughly. Instructions: When instructed, you will share your responses with your group. Take notes on their responses in the boxes below. Be sure to write their names at the top of each box. Student #1: ______________________ Student #2: __________________________ Student #3: ______________________ Student #4: __________________________ Created with web.difﬁt.me Reflect and Discuss Instructions: Respond to the following question using the reading and your own knowledge and experiences. Be as thorough as possible. 2. The text highlights the importance of the watershed approach to solving water quality problems. Imagine you are a community leader in your town. Describe a speciﬁc water quality issue facing your community and explain how you would use the watershed approach to address it. Write Your Response Here. Be sure to use what you learned in the reading and your own knowledge and experiences to answer the question thoroughly. Instructions: When instructed, you will share your responses with your group. Take notes on their responses in the boxes below. Be sure to write their names at the top of each box. Student #1: ______________________ Student #2: __________________________ Student #3: ______________________ Student #4: __________________________ Created with web.difﬁt.me Reflect and Discuss Instructions: Respond to the following question using the reading and your own knowledge and experiences. Be as thorough as possible. 3. The text emphasizes the role of individual responsibility in protecting water quality. Reﬂect on the text and consider how you can use your voice and actions to advocate for clean water in your community. What steps can you take to raise awareness about water quality issues and encourage others to take action? Write Your Response Here. Be sure to use what you learned in the reading and your own knowledge and experiences to answer the question thoroughly. Instructions: When instructed, you will share your responses with your group. Take notes on their responses in the boxes below. Be sure to write their names at the top of each box. Student #1: ______________________ Student #2: __________________________ Student #3: ______________________ Student #4: __________________________ Created with web.difﬁt.me

Explore More Water Quality Full Program PDF

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