Exam Guide Week 1 PDF

WEEK ONE: From Leading the Congregation (1-3): 1. Identify the three dangers of leadership 1. The Danger of serving sacrificially 2. The Danger of preserving the institution for its own sake 3. The Danger of leading others through change 2. There are many interior attitudes (eg, fruit of the Spirit) that make up the character of a Christian leader. Can you recognize the definitions of the four attitudes described in ch 2? 1. Childlikeness 2. Humility 3. A Desire to Serve 4. Self-Examination 3. What is the relationship between spirituality and demands of ministry? Definition: The leader’s Spirituality is a growing awareness of God and receptivity to God's Spirit in our lives, and the means by which we keep that receptivity alive and vital toward the end that the Spirit of Christ is being formed in us for the sake of others and for the world 4. Identify the three elements of Jesus’s ministry, the six graces that Jesus practiced, and the four additional fundamentals of spirituality for Christian leaders. 1. Jesus established a rhythm of public ministry and private spaces 2. Jesus carried out his ministry within the context of a small, intimate covenant community 3. Jesus taught by example that 6 graces were vital to his life and ministry a. Prayer b. Fasting c. The Lord’s Supper d. The Scriptures e. Spiritual Conversation f. Worship in the Temple From Lectures/power points 1. Identify the open systems framework -- environment, inputs, throughputs, outputs, and feedback loop – and be able to describe their function in understanding the whole The Open Systems Framework in leadership is a model that helps to understand how leadership operates within and interacts with an organization and its environment. It is built on the idea that organizations are open systems that exchange inputs (valuable resources, people, technology) with throughputs (internal processes that transform inputs such as mission, relationships, structure, spirit / vision, culture) to produce outputs (valuable services to maintain its position in the marketplace of needs and ideas) with their external environment through a continuous feedback loop allowing for adaptation and improvement. 2. Identify different approaches to theological conversations a. Biblical Theology: The study of theology within scripture itself b. Systematic Theology: seeks to be organized, systematized rational concepts of faith in putting together the biblical understanding in a harmonious, consistent whole c. Historical Theology: The study of theological systems of the past and their developed, how different ways the bible has been interpreted and developed historically d. Moral Theology (Ethics): studies the moral implications of theology in the struggle of moral dilemmas, complexity, and understanding what is good, loving, just, and merciful. e. Philosophical Theology: attempts to define and validate all other branches of theology as truth claims. Apologetics is part of this – a rational defense of the faith using logic and empirical observation. f. Practical Theology/Praxis: medieval Latin from Greek, literally meaning ‘doing’. A multi-disciplinary approach to theological conversations. Praxis – a continual cycle of reflection that moves to engagement and back to reflection to help understand and reframe present realities and move toward new actions. 3. Identify the four elements of Wesley’s Quadrilateral a. Scripture b. Tradition c. Reason d. Experience 4. “We lead, uniquely, out of image-bearing likeness and human fallenness, with freedom to choose a life of being transformed into the likeness of Christ for union and service with Christ.” The Use of Self: Self is our unique or essential being that distinguishes us from others. The innate elements of our personality, developing healthy ego, and components of our immature psyche, and experiences of our life become integrated over time into a well-functioning whole. Use of Self Requires: a. Personal awareness (intrapersonal): Who I am? How do I show up? What is my impact on others? What are my intentions for action? b. Awareness of others (interpersonal): Who are “they”? How do I bring out their ”best”? What support do they need? c. Awareness of the context (org effectiveness): What is going on in the organisation? What is needed from me for thebest of the organisation? or a common purpose, and how does that a1ect a whole organizational fruitfulness? so if we if we start, hit with this let me get myointer here. Here we go. We want to begin. They say that leadership is profoundly contextual. um it is important that we see leader leadership from within, but it's very contextual. But ﬁrst of all, something personal. I'll show you a little bit of my story. That's me, see that my dad's lie up. I'm a preacherous kid from a bygone he. I was raised in Wisconsin, which is north of Chicago. My dad was a minister, a servant leader. I would wake up to his pacing the ﬂoor in prayer every morning, every morning. My mom was a very gifted Bible teacher during the car' manage renewal, she had over 100 women come from di1erent denominations to her Bible studies, as my older brother, Raleigh and my sister's that in this picture, but I have a younger sister who who taught blind students for many years, and now she's a puppy razer for guide dogs for the blind, so she trains puppies in her garage to be eventually suited for blind people to help them in their lives. And then I I just must say I ﬁnd the carbone and I was in this. We started a group that guy in the middle, Terry was an amazing arranger. Heranges for Disney. He still does arrange for Disney and Tokyo and so we uh we started this group called the Crimson Bridge in the 70s, uh you may, I don't know if you guess where I met. I'm I'm in the middle of kneeling and um we had we had quite a group in the 70s. We my dad postsigned for a bread truck and we traveled all over the country, stayed in a condominium and then we'd play in high schools and universities and here and then I spent I spent a lot of time in Oxford and there I am, don't tell don't tell anybody that I've got a pipe in my hand, but I didn't light it. I didn't smoke it. This is C.S. Lewis' desk and CS Lewis's pipe. Is that amazing? So I I've been privileased to spend some time when Oxford teaching, um for an executive um mission leadership program. And then um I should say that um I did my bachelor's degree at Trin College and been the seminary and that my PhD at New York University and then I I uh I'll take a little bit more of my story, but this is my wife. We met in a blind date in Chicago and she sweat me o1 my feet and she still is and still looking up at her. um she was an opera singer and now she's aospice chaplain, sings for people at the end of life. We all Cy' patients. um and she's also a spiritual director and trains people in spiritual direction. We have such a good life. We were married for 30 years. happy at but not just a full wife and 2011 I was diagnosed with um stage four lymphoma and when I went, this is this is where my spirit director has her o1ice. And when I told her that I was diagnose, she said Roger, God has everyone and everything and place, and you still have to go through it. And when I walked out of your o1ice, there was a rainbow there was a rainbow, and um and so I went through chemo. I went through six spinal taps. I went through biopsies and surgeries and um in 2015, when I was done with all of that, um I'd go back that I've been in readiss since 2015 Simon I'm very I'm a happy boy. uh that God has really healed me and so uh I just had I go once a year and I had my last CT scan and everything's clear. So that's a little bit of my story. I I wish we were in a living room and I could hear each of your stories. I would love to hear your story because, where we are, we love to travel. um because, um our stories matterner in how we come to work together, play together, be in leadership context together. So organizational di1erences and sit onarities, um environmental dynamics, there are global and local cultures, how we do things, groups and personalities. So when we think of all the di1erent variables that's our leadership, it is dynamic, it we're always learning new things, the horizons keep on expanding in this leadership context. So in terms of di1erences, uh I know that many of you come from the marketplace and uh sometime I like to maybe you could put the chat room or some of the di1erent are you in business? Are you in education? Are you is a government? What is some of the di1erent um organizations that you're part of? But um our identity and purpose might be di1erent in the organizations we serve from other organizations, who are we what is our purpose, what do we value, who do we serve? All of those can be markers that provide di1erences in organizational cultures, but there are similar issues. Every organization has to have a vital exchange of the environment. We deal with how to restructure ourselves, uh communication patterns, how do we engage in strategy, decision making, how do we how do we deal with politics of budgeting and who gets who gets uh resources for their ministry, how do we engage in conﬂict and competing interests and crisis management? I mean, think of view who how we try to negotiate COVID, all of these crises that were that really pushed the limits of our resilience and our capacity. So in the voca have you in voca, the synonym voca, uh some have been redescribing environments of as voca, that there's volatility, uh, there is uncertainty complexity, oh, look at this, look at this complex city of Singapore. Wow. um and ambiguity, um and I've added anxiety. I think we live in a book up environment. No, I ain't no Singapore is pretty orderly, so um, you know, you you guys in Singapore, you things are very much in order, but but it's complex. There's uncertainty. There's all of these things that that that bear upon the organizations in which we serve. So I like to see an open systems framework or understanding leadership and organizations, that is to say, there is um there is an input system and then whatever comes in from the environment, like people come into the organization, technology comes into the organization, culture comes into the organization, and then stu1 happens and then we try to then we try to rely on the Lord and rely on the gifts within the di1erent capacities of people within to produce an output that will impact the environment so this open systems model is one way to explain the complexity of what we put, what comes into the organization, what goes out of the organization, and then systems theory would say that whatever we' put out will come back into the input system. So if you're a church you're making disciples, then those disciples will come back into the transforming system of the organization, the throughput. But here's probably what some organizations feel like. and people who get this ﬂow, you we may have a ﬂowat try that looks so even when weorts tooom and then how you really get your job done is probably similar to this, this chart of the throughput. But everyorizization is it's important to understand who are we? What is our purpose? What are the quality relationships in the organization? How do we deal with our di1erences of the structure? How do we structure our work together? And the larger the organization, the more complex the structure is, um the culture is do we have a shared values? How do we do things around here? our system's working? We become so kind of rigid that we have silos and the silos don't talk to each other and you know we can't get cooperation and so that all these are interrelated. And then there's something that is uh has been in the last 20 years emphasized, even even in seC organization, and that is the spirituality of an organization. and the vision, there really tied together. And one would say, well, that makes sense for a Christian organization. that says a church like city harvest, but there are now in the in the literature, there's much being done about spirituality of organizations, whether they be business or um government, whatever. So that's kind of an overview of how we're going to position, how does leadership relate to all of these di1erent markers in these di1erent dynamics in an organization? Well, um one of the another dimension that we mentioned was leading groups and how do we how do we do you go to really when you go to a team or a committee meeting, are you energized? I've gone through so many meetings and even at the university we don't know how to conduct good meetings facly or so facly meetings are so boring. Um, they need training and how to conduct a good meeting. There's a great book by leni called Death by meeting. And he says, I mean just have to have some drama um unleashed creativity in the team meetings and create a culture belonging and trust and and promote healthy conﬂict, promote di1erences, synergy so I think I think leaders really need to know how to lead a team well. um a lot of people we're not we're not always trained in that. and a lot of the meetings are just about telling people and making an announcements that could be done in an email, I think, oh, let's let's mix it up a little bit here. And then um here's a group. Look look at how would you like to lead this group? these groups? I wondered how all they look. I you know, they look like they I don't know. I think they would be very good as a team, but there are some in here that uh look like they could be um bring up a little junior high they if they let it come out. Okay. Di1erent personities. Oh, look at, you know, look at these guys. Oh, there's another di1erent personality. I this ah, my goodness. So you're a di1erent personalityities. David McCallan was a psychologist and he said that that there are three main motivating drivers uh in the organization. When is achievement? Some people are motivated to get things done. Let's get it done. Let's let's establish some goals and uh sometimes achievement people like to work alone because they know they can get done if they work with a group as might be more di1icult to get things done. um they like regular feedback and progress and the work they're doing. So achievement another motivation is a1iliation. I I want to be I want to be wrong to an organization. I want to be long to a team. I want to be like I want to like others. I'll go along with whether other people want to do. I'll collaborate so achievement a1iliation or relationships. A third is that people like to inﬂuence and use power, and I'm using this in a good sense that people want to they enjoy the inﬂuence they had that the organization can bring in making any di1erence. And there's a ﬁne line because sometimes that power moves into and not only inﬂuence, but control, power and control, and likes to win arguments. Maybe enjoys competition so these are three kind of motivations that comment I'm come to play in an organization. Maybe you can identify as that are you are you a goal oriented achievement person? Are you a1iliation where you really enjoy relationships? Do you like power and inﬂuence And, of course, we have combinations of these motivations at work in our lives. Oh, there's one, okay. All right. So what is common to all organizations is that evborization has to have a relevant relationship with your environment and remain true to its calling identity of mission. So a lot of changes in the environment that may tempt us some to compromise their mission, but we have to stay relevant and stay true to our values,us input, as we have said, uh resources, people, technology, needs to put out the valuable services. uh, made up of many parts that uh exist must must learn to coordinate and cooperate together in some way to fulﬁll the mission in pursuit of the vision, and the quality of interface between the parts is the indicator of its health how well do di1erent groups work together in an organization, how well is the marketing work with the sta1, the the engine of the organization, um budgeting, all of that can be very complex, but we need to work together or or we are our our e1orts will splinter and we'll break o1 into competing forces. And as a living system, um organizations really are at their own living system, made up of not just individual parts, but the individual parts form a whole, form a old personality in the organization. So stat just the sum of individual parts, it's a living system. And leadership is also a very multidisciplinary, so we can say, wow, we have theology, this quantum mechanics and the new sinus, deals with leadership. For many years I taught a corres on leadership and the new science about 15, 20 years ago, when we had an elective course, and it was really fun to get into Crant and mechanics and some great authors have been arranged about that political science, history, maybe you can maybe some of you have come from some of these disciplines psychology, spirituality, artizational theory, arts and humanity's communications. So leadership is a multi disciplinary enterprise. And so what will be dealing with primarily a theology and spirituality, but we'll also get into some psychology, some theory and um we'll see where it takes us. All right. We can only scratch the surface, by the way. This is a a survey where we kind of skimming over a lot of di1erent ideas that um I hope will will make sense in your own uh leadership practices. So one of the way to look at leadership in the past, leadership was studied by the traits of a leader and Leich, believe it or not, height was one time in their early 20th century belie old, leader is supposed to be tall. Oh, leaders, uh, you know, have to have these di1erent qualities to be a leader. Well, then, you know, Napoleon was not tall, right? So leaders came by and they were short and fat or they were, you know, they they came in di1erent sizes shapes. An intelligence is probably still um a factor, extroversion, yes, uh that's true, but there are some leaders who are introverts too. Some leaders, um are big when they play a role, I'm kind of an introvert, but if I'm playing a role, I could be an extrovert. by like privacy, but I can be a dextervert if I need to be ﬂuency, communication. I mean and then you're going to be ﬁlling out a survey that I I designed called spiritually healthy leadership. And in there, I put in there's a uh looking at some of the fruit of the spirit, where you can do a check, uh a sign of self-evaluation because if we' as a Christian approach, the traits of the fruit of the spirit, I believe are are really important, our leadership. And the literature bears out that humility is an important dimension of leadership regardless, regardless of whether you're in a secular or Christian organization. But if you look on the right, this this says now, wait a minute, it's not just the traceeable leader.'s how do the leaders and followers interact? What's the quality of interaction? Now our traits of the leaders and followers inﬂuenced that interaction, and that interaction is cold and calculated and followers feel like that that the leader is using just power and control and manipulation. that is not going to that's not the lead itself to a healthy relationship. So we have uh that that interaction. So the so we might say that leadership emerges from relationship among leaders, followers, and that that relationship then impacts the leadership outcomes. So that we see that leadership is a dynamic process. So this these are some death uh characteristics by a colleague of mine, and you you read it you made in the congregation. She was a communications expert where the Lutheran Church in in the US. and she says, I believe that uh leadership creates community. It breaks down barriers between people. It communicates and creates synergy. It engenders respects and builds youowering of trust among people for leaders who have authority, so this would imply that leaders must earn their respect. and leaders who earn their respect that engender that respect and bills of following, because there is a there's a trust element in the relationships. And leaders create something really they are they're not afraid to be in big outside the box to name something new, they kind of go out on a limb to try something di1erent and that leaders can create controversy therefore, because real leaders are willing to take risks and be prophetic. And I added um that leaders also tapped into the fundamental aspirations and diverse terrorisms of others and promotes healthy conﬂict and openness toward a year, sheer compelling purpose. Now we had time, I would like you to prioritize or which of these characteristics really speak to your own experience. Or when you think of your own organization or your team, which of these do you think is needed, which of these is done well, in which of these is needed in your organization, or on your team? And this might be actually a very pretty good discussion for a team meeting. It might bring some energy. You said, hey, let's look at these descriptions. Which of these do we do well, and which of these needs some um needs some emphasis? So, this looks at this is a very kind of an old way of looking at the di1erence between manment and leadership. And you can see how, you know, management produces order and consisting one way of saying this is management do things right and leadership do the leaders do the right things. Leaders do the right things, managers do things right. So somehow said there really is a di1erence. Sometimes it's a fuzzy line. But for sure, management needs to appreciate the roles of leadership and leadership needs to appreciate the roles of management. You can't have leadership without management and it is tough if the organization as pri primarily managed and there are there's little leadership. So we won't spend much time on this this is a this is a a also another like 1955. You can see how the di1erent skills and um technical human and constceptual so the top management may need fewer technical skills because they have all these wonderful people at city harvest, for example, um with the technical skills that can help uh help management with human and conceptual frameworks, and middle, you can see they're pretty well even, and then the supervisory management. And I bring this up because it's an old sl it's an old way of looking at it, and I'm wondering if this is still true. I wonder if this is still true. I I'm I'm thinking that that uh wherever you are in the organization, you need to have a pretty good grasp in all of these um, at least an appreciation for all of these. And an awareness of all of these. So we might say then that leadership is a dynamic interplay of um leaders followers and theorizational context. So just think about that where some leaders may be a1ected with some teams, but not a1ected with other teens. Some teams are e1ective in one part of the organization, but they may not be e1ective in another organization, so you have these di1erent interplays of um dynamics between leaders, followers and the organizational context. That's why most people know when we when we have uh when we teach or we have when we have uh classes about leadership, we we focus on we do focus on the individual leader, but we deﬁne leadership as part of a larger contextual framework. And then, of course, in the environmental forces that impinge that impinge upon this interplay, and all of this is for leaders and followers then to inﬂuence the organizational health and fulﬁll the common purpose. So I'm wondering, uh, we've spent a little time on just introducing leadership as this contextual framework. I'm wondering if you have any questions, um or we're going to put you in some breakout session is pretty soon. um But just pay for a a two or three minutes and got thousand thoughts about what from this ﬁrst hour, what stands out for me, what interests me with what I have shared with you so what are the implications of the key points to what you are doing? So what so what and now what what may you consider doing or practicing that either strengthens what you're already doing, or maybe you' maybe what we've talked about um makes you wonder, oh, maybe I need to explore a certain area in my life that would increase my leadership capacity, increase our team's capacity or increases our organizational capacity for fruitfulness. So, um, take a few minutes,ot down your um your responses to these. And then Kimberly, will put them in breakout sessions in in like two minutes and then we'll come back at ﬁve uh to nine. Is that right, ﬁve to nine? And then we'll wamp up with any questions that you want to respond before we take a break at nine o'clock. All right? So two minutes, shut down what? So what now what? Okay, when you when your breakout sessions make use of the time and uh ask others ask others to to for their responses. I think they're already on teams. So enjoy your discussion and uh we'll see what comes out of that. All right. Thank you. Hey, everyone. Okay, this a little bit of what butwhere is have any thoughts and one compus. I think the idea of the separation between manage that she was quite interesting to be tired of the not really looking then like separate. And I think I see as I read about the management administr like,ared to maybe the lead shit like most likeath and just show money. Anyone else. Okay, we go next. Sorry for me is raining I really like I really like um who's quite cool. So I stood up for me is really like culture of leadership and how its contexture. So it's like reading it alive know there's an incability didn't a1ect us. And we are looking forward to learning about it and how how, you know, you can use the books, not not just learning about the framebook, but blind them to help like be by my job SM. Yeah. Yeah, I do think like some of these are quite like when he started is quite aicot to our work. Like the the things that he share you' be like what we do what we he in me are all for in a company Oh hello. for me myself I think I think what we's that relationship one that is based within, you know yet I like to do, I pro that Isra, I numbers. I got the leader side maybe the top. So I think a lot we learn how di1erents and changes in our lives, I think someone's big now. I the only one here. I think it's I have a audio. I. Anyway, uh I think for me it is um I think a lot than you say it is like how unless we think that management at the issue and together. uh and I think that there are times that it aligned to uh it's like many children also be at the same time, but sometimes we also do see a lot place that are managers or management and not like the leadership like, another thing is that I like organization group that has to have a group or has to have a spiritual element and a vision and like, I think a clear direction of my web to bring our have to bring having that our colleagues Yeah, I think I'm with mommy and also like or or do we call you? Yeah, um because, you know when you was talking about the relationship or I just reminded me, because something I' thinking about really relationshipreases in Australia and let's this part we talk about how you know we are all men and each one plays a crucial role to support the mission. So I think, you know, likewise, or rather rather ratherouser see that it embassies on either she is being profoundly contextual and there are so many di1erent compassies that these di1erent dynamics, right? Yeah, and we have to learn how to balance that, you know, at that like our maybe for me as as a se leader, like you know we need to adapt our pastoral way of fucking di1erent ones, you know, how we foster that kind of unity, you know, the deepen the relationship and then how everybody goes spiritually. Yeah, so I think that's something that is important to me, yeah. Oh, gave us an option we can we so, yeah, as true I like more and more like interested in like di1erent personality ties, and, and then like, you know, they were one of like discuss some of this in the things. So I think like this costs, uh, we really help us like incorporate like spiritual leadership into actual, like practical planning as well. Now, anybody, like I know it's like identify seconds. can speak. I always think you aw your Sherry, you will see you back in the main room.. super Is everyone back? All right. Well, didn't you have some did you have some good discussions and anyone want to I guess somewhere are still coming.com? That's probably. Okay, I see that. And as people are coming back, if anybody would want to put a question in, um the Q&A, we have a few minutes before break time, maybe we could address a few questions you have. I don't mind if you speak up to or a Q&Alesster than his messaged me a question, so she asked what exactly a new siz of.. So if you do Google search and like uh quantum mechanics, or the new signs. um Have you ever heard the butterﬂy wings ﬂapping and one probably world will impact the other part of the world? um it's it's that and that um that that there are living systems, natural systems that seem to um have their own life in a way relating to one another. So, um clouds and you think of um um ocean's rivers. And so that some people have applied that to um organizations. So there's a author by the name of Margaret Wheatley and she wrote a book called Leadership of the new science and so their emphasizing that that organizations are like living systems and that they have their own life, their way of relating to one another and um and what's really important is the real or their relationships. The relationships that we have with one another in these living systems. So is there something that's not called to be a leader hard to not that and call to be a leader called to be a bollower? Oh, wow, what a great question. So um we are we are both leaners and followers if we deﬁne leadership as inﬂuencing others toward a common goal or a common purpose. So when you whenever you're inﬂuencing others, if you're on a team, you may so you may not be in a formable position of leadership. You may be an informal position, but sometimes leaders who have they have positional power but the power is primarily transactional transactional, but you could have personal power as a as a a follower an inﬂuence others without having the position, and that is still leadership. But good leaders are also good followers. They know what it means to follow others, whether in those contexts, so that in that sense leadership is very ﬂuid, is very ﬂuid. If I were if we were in a classroom, I would want to learn from you um, what is it like to be in your organization? I don't know you you would have to lead me to learn about what your organization is and um you know, if if I were to visit if we we were going to visit, we're going to be in Singapore in February. And if I want to learn more about the city, um and you would say, oh well, show you around. Okay, I'll follow you. So you leading me to show me around Singapore, so it can be very ﬂuid, so just to just a note, position power, personal power are two di1erent things. One has position, the other one has personal inﬂuence and both are um leaders. There's a there's a lot of new work being done on follership. And if we have time, I I'd love to share some of that with you. uh There's a book called Courageous Followship. It's a great book on follship. Okay. Oh, assign a portion. How you agreed on the assignment portion? How can step up and be a celebr leader at a church? that okay, that one, I think you need to talk with um Pastor Bobby or whenever your pastors of how to be a cell group leader. And um after the break, or sometime before it were done, I'll go over the syllabus with you and the assignment portion. Why does the deﬁnition of leadership matter? Is it not putting people into boxes? Well, I hope not. I think that rather than boxes, I think that we we have di1erent roles. and like I said, the rolls can be very ﬂuid, depending upon the context, the context. So um rather than boxes, I would say rolls and would and as an organization, even as a even if you're um like a family, families have di1erent roles. It's very informable when organization begins, um it's almost like a family. The communication is informal that we just talk to one another. When you start to grow like as big a city harvest is, not you have to have some policies and procedures or fairness and human relations. But we don't want to lose that familial dimension of being a family is harder to do, but we have to we have to be disciplined to try to keep that intact because that's who we are as the kingdom of God, the family of God, vine and branches, and all the rest. So was there any were there others? Oh yeah. an Egreen topic both in church and the worlders that we see are in both, what would be distinct as that made church leaders are di1erent from those of the world? Kingdom values um price dwelling within us, our Christian spirituality, our values, we believe in the beatitudes, we believe in the fruit of spirit, we believe that Christ dwells within us, we believe that relationships are important, that forgiveness is important, that loving enemies is important, where that may not be true in the secular. How was that? making sense? How do you promote a healthy conﬂict? Oh that we we learn to manage our di1erences. We learn to respect one another, even though we may disagree. We we do the work beginner work, which we'll be doing in this class, so we can become less defensive, less defensive, and more open to the ideas of others even when they disagree. so in to notice when does conﬂict become dangerous and I'll just mentioned it. It becomes dangerous when you engage in injustice collecting against a coworker, when you begin to attack their motive and their character, now that's becoming dangerous, and that's unhealthy. um okay. That's I think that's all we have time for. It's time for a break. Love these questions. Thank you so much.'s you in 10 minutes. that talks too much and then he comes noise. um at the same time, we don't want him to come across root or condescending thank you. Oh, as soon that great question, how many of you would say you who talk too much? You yourself talk too much. No, we won't say we won't go there. All I have to say is it's important for teams to establish some ground rules together, like how will you how you approach your work and establish some ground rules like to say, you know what when we're in discussion, we want everyone to be able to contribute. And so to say and and I think this is very cultural, isn't it? um how you how you establish the ground rules or how you um confront somebody without losing face is really important to di1erent cultures. Here as well. So, but establishing ground rules is one way that is really helpful for that. Okay, we'll get started. By the way, you're they're going to they're calling your questions and I'll go through them if we can't if we don't have time tonight, we won't have time to get through all of them. And I'll make sure that they're answered um within a week. So that's my pledge to you. The second so so we look at um how the leadership is contextual, and now what we want to do is do we want to spend this hour and looking at um doing leaders that doing theology are engaging in theological reﬂection. So this is one of the di1erences for in Christian organizations is that the leaders are are um one of the roles is to engage in theox reﬂection about the work we do about the mystery we do, but I think if you're a Christian leader in a in a business, you can also do theological reﬂection and you do everyone who is a theologianist some degree because um theology comes from the word the oologos, which means um theos meaning deity and logos meaning discourse or teaching or study. So as a Christian, wherever we are, we have um we think about what how does how does God view this? So um if you look at, for example, giving my a pointer here, um Ansel of the counter describes theology asith seeking understanding. My faith, I'm trying to understand, I'm trying to make sense. Now we have um we all have a espouse theology or a confessional geology that we profess. For example, I think most of us in this room would say that forgiving others is an important value living in the kingdom of God, forgiving others. pro a little deeper and we say, is it long to be heard or angry at what others have done to you? Oh now now we're making this forgiveness, you know, a little more in depth, and and then what does it mean when Paul says it any invasions 426, be angry, but do not sin. Do not let the sin go down in your anger I know that we're all trained to do the zero anger thing that Pastor cond does, right? But what does it mean? What does it what happens when you video someone has hurt you and you feel this natural response of anger of dwelling up. So we have a response theology. uh what we could we confess then we have an operational theology, which is sometimes is di1erent from what we confess. So if I um if I have aiology that says, okay, I I may say I forgive you and I try to believe that myself, but I secretly hope that you give what's come to you in what you did to me or if I engage in triangling or gossip talking behind your back, and I engage in the character assassination, I realized, you know I say that I believe in forgiving, but I really haven't. So this is just a a very personal example that sometimes we confess things that we don't live up to, and that's why we need to engage is theolog reﬂection and then our spirituality is really important with that because the Holy Spirit can help bring to our awareness, our inconsistencies, and that is a place where the Holy Spirit they wants to do sanctifying work and heal us of those hurts and areas that are that do not give us freedom and joy in life. So um sometimes it can be hard work, but theological issues can be individual. They can be family, they can be teams, organizational, cultural, global issues, um a whole variety of them. So um our experiences in the world always carry some lens of interpretation. And so, for example, if I showed you a picture of of um immigrants, uh, who are escaping a country escape in a country, um, we are automatically recreating a reality, and for some of us that would say, you know what, we need to help them, uh, we need countries that will we need to be a country that a lot houses these people who are really in desperate situations to have a place to live. or by the way, you know any reason I bring this up, this would be the biggest issue in the US last of the elections. A huge issue with barber cross seats. And there's no conﬂict. Others would say, wait a minute, they have to go through the proper procedures to get into a country and now we have conﬂict. Both of the so there's an external reality, immigrants, in a boat, and my own recreated reality in my head of howry interpreting them, where on one hand, there may be no conﬂict yes, they're welcome. Another would say, wow, that can't happen. That cannot happen. So we have out these two realities external and recreated realities. What what theology does is it helps us pay attention to our lens of di1erent interpretive frameworks, rather than automatically recreate and react to experience. So when we engage in the electrical reﬂection, now lower than engaging in what does the Bible say about this? How does God view this? And we'll look at several di1erent ways of thinking theologically. Michael Amald Das explains that doing theology is a discerning search for God and here and now of history. In this way, whenever we pray, share our faith during the exercise spiritual gifts and practices, struggle in light of circumstances, confess our sins, participate in worship, or engage in ad mission, we are doing theology, we are doing a theology. So there are that we all of opinions, convictions and absolutes. So, for example, I absolute, for me would be the believing the divinity of Jesus, as well as the humanity of Jesus, or believe in the trinity, but when I I was growing up, I was taught that an absolute was going to movie as a sin wearing makeup was a sin um and um a quick story. I was in the third grenade, and the Baptistives and cost of kids, we couldn't square a dance and third grade. And so I was too embarrassed to tell them that this was against my religious convictions. So I persuaded my friend who whose father was a medical doctor and I said, Billy, do you want you want to go to square dancing in gym class? And he said, well, I guess not. Well, you think you get some band just with your dad's o1ice and we could pretend we spranged our ankles help he wouldn't have to square dance, so I you know, we both li into the house saying, oh, I sprang by an ankle I can't square dance today. And so I engaged in lying in order to get o1 the square dancing as a third grader, but um of course, you know, that's no long an absolute. I never believed it was fully an absolute. But others did believe it was an absolute. um realized, hey, this is an opinion. Where are you? you know, all that stu1 of the holiness tradition. uh seen as the absut but but maybe some people have convictions about some of those things. So, and then you you think of now some issues that really deserve theology reﬂection agenda dysphoria or um you know I I have a I have a colleague who's um uh who is um uh who' daughter is having an a1air with a married man and his wife goes along with it arrople, a a thruple or a trople or whatever yeah, a trople. I thought, come on where where do we how do we engage and theology's reﬂection about where they think this is just ﬁne? so we so we need to have good teaching and do some theology inﬂection on some of these issues. And by the way, that's why I appreciate what's happiness to the Harvest Church is that Por Kalmerastor Bobby, that the pastors really are engaged in in uh theological reﬂection and teaching and preaching good theology, good biblical theology. And that's really important in a world where there is a lot of confusion and conﬂict. So theology is about asking questions di1erent approaches, uh blical theology, the study of theology, within within scripture itself, uh what what could the authors think about God and how do they express your assumption values? Province the Old Testament? Uh, you know, during the di1erent periods of Old Testament history, um, how is leadership on a student in practiceiced by Moses, our David Amos Matthew, Paul, Luke, all of these authors give us insight into how leadership was understood in a di1erent biblical periods, and how Christ transformed all of that with his teaching, so for example, um the people of Israel thought, oh, the Messiah will have all this political power that will save us from the Roman Empire and um will help us get our nation back together and uh Jesus comes along and he said, um that that the son of man came to sparer not to be served, have this minding you which was in Christ Jesus looking too, that he did not see equality with god as something to be grasped, but instead took the form of a servant a slave um it just it's just we're not accustomed to power. That is reframed and ﬂip on its head to be servant a servant leader. So we think of Paul's writing and that, we think of Jesus teaching on that. um and we'd think of how of power um got Moses and David into trouble when they misused power. So we could we could just do some biblical theological reﬂection on that, and there's um a PDF a handout that you have access to where a couple of years ago, I just looked at some of the the bilical themes, the biblical accents of leadership in the old and in the New Testament, so you will have some reading to do in along with lead congregation that will help us see the lens of leadership through a biblical theology. This systematics theology, so if you take a class with professor Frank Machia, he's a he's a well-known systematician. So we can try to organize and rational concepts of faith, uh with ailical understanding, so there's the body to say crystalology and dermatology, which has a study of the whole Spirit, ecclesiology, a study of the church. So about systematic theology is an important and approach to doing theological reﬂection, and then there is historical theology, so you think of what did the how did the uh uh di1erent leaders, say, for example in the American, the US andacostal movement, William Seymour, the black preacher in Los Angeles was a was a very important inﬂuence in the kind of cost of moveant. How did he be leadership? I haven't really done a study on that, but or had John Wesley or John Keldon, reeformers, uh how did how did they approach leadership? So he can you can see uh that there's a rich material for attempting to understand leadership from historical theology. and more theology, which is studying the implications in the complexities and dilemmas of what is good, loving, just, merciful, so more alchaeology or ethics is another approach to looking at theology and then philosophical theology, where you're the defense of our faith by attaching to valvating all the di1erent truth claims of the di1erent branches of theodology. So apologetics is part of this. And then there's a practical theology or practice and proxis is this medieval Latin from the Greek and just literally means doing. And so this is primarily in the approach that leadership engages in proxes. And so a continual cycle of reﬂection that moves to engagement and back to reﬂection to help understand and every frame present realities, so proxes is going to the scripture, going to experience, going to stories, going to the scripture, going back to the present reality and attempting to help reframe present reality or a present reality. So the the rel a leader is to engage others in conversations about God. so that the community is more reﬂective about their own lens of interpreting contemporary realities through the eyes of faith, so um one way to say this is, what keeps people awake at night? That that deserves some theological reﬂection of what do the scriptures say about the issues that keep people away at night or the the issues that people are struggling with in their lives. So John Wesley came up with um what is what has been called in Wesley and vibrilateral and this is looking at four of uh doing theologic reﬂection. We believed that the that the scripture, the Christian faith was revealed in scripture, and that its illuminated, it's illumined by tradition, and it is viviﬁed or guiliﬁed in personal experience and conﬁrmed by reason, conﬁrmed by reason, so Scripture, tradition, experience, and regism. so scripture is primary in paramount. The New Testament theologian, NPright, argued that scripture is the bookshelf, the bookshelf tradition is a memory of what people in the house have read and understood or perhaps misunderstood from the shelf. um and reason is the the set of lens, the spectacles that people wear in order to make sense of what they read and then put it into practice. So that's another way of looking at how we engage in theolog reﬂection. I'm Greg to skip that one in and so let's say let's say that we're engaged in theological reﬂection on immigration, which is it as a leadership topic for politics for pil politicians, but it's also a a issue that impacts all of us. For example, we just had some work done in our kitchen.use me and um all the workers although the contractor is Ukrainian, it was US citizen, all the other workers are are uh are not citizens. They're illegal. and so I ask them how how they they do about that. They said, we just we just try to work hard. The ad mean the admin assistant or the corator had badgar Ti1any is a a dreamer. So she was when she was born and south in Central America, and her parents brought her here as an infant. So she has legal status here, but she can't travel, and she did her master's degree in linguistics, the wanted to work with Lickcli1e, but she has no beola or passport to travel outside the country. So these are issues that that really impact us. They impact us. So we might engage in theological reﬂection by uh saying that, well, what is going to say about the issues? What are central scriptures, what are related about integration, Old Testament? What is scriptures say about character? minor character and attitude in response to engagement with others. and what happens if I get defensive and I engage in controversial issues or I want to be so competitive in when the argument and have no respect for the other's point of view. How can we more fully understand the situation from other Wednesdays historical demographic global trends, behavior of social sciences,acical, are there meetings that would help inform and prepare us for our discerned process? What are the stories of participants? Who should we invite to tell their stories? We should be invited to the conversations who are the ground rules when we engage, what types of prayer and spiritual practices shall we engage in as individuals and as a community. So these would be some some ways in which we engage in practice or doing theology around issues that are important to um to the community and I don't know if immigration is important to you or if it impacts your personal lives, um but the seems like it's a it's a important issue around the globe with immigration. And there so just think about all the other issues that are important that invite as to think theologically. What is the scriptures say? What are the stories? What are how do the other sciences help us understand these issues aren't fully? So to be uncritial leaders is to be a bigologian, of purpose of the leader is of elogion is to provide an interpretive framework for people who desire to faithful fruitful lives. um and then how do leaders health equip others to think theologically so they can do this on their home? So whenever um you know, when Pastor Khan preaches, he's he's always engaging in questions and making things practical from the scriptures to help us think theologically about our relationship with God and the world in ministry and the rule of the spirit. So Scott Carmel who teaches that Fuller suggests that leaders do well when they understand that culture provides a repertory means for people to use in making sense, so you just think about the role of social media in helping people or not helping peoples being sense of current realities, or you think of the power the medium, they think of the power news cycles um advertisement, oh, they sold, you know, education, there's so many inﬂuences. They that people are using to make sense of particular issues. And so they're making sense composes stories of the culture's repertory meanings. People use ﬁlters, so when we engage in others, and we recognize the ﬁlters they're using and try to relate to those ﬁlters through our own ﬁlters and our kind of reconstructing those the realities that we're experiencing. The interpretation we need choose dictates the action we will take responds to a situation. So what's important is that I whenever you engage in reﬂection, the logically, that here's expectations are more powerful than your intentions. The here's expectations are more powerful than elig's intentions. Scott Corno says. So we' is to add at work? These might be some touchstone, uh questions for us. But yourself, you know, if you're on a team and the team is is is uh maybe frustrating for you and certain areas. But it's but continue to ask yourself, but where's got at work in this situation? Another related one might be, how does our mission and ministry align with God's right and some purpose in the world? How what are we doing here and now that expresses God's purpose in the world and God's mission is reconciling purpose. What is our understanding of God's love, the grace of our Lord, Jesus Christ, the communion of the Holy Spirit in this situation, what is our understanding? How do we experience? how do we enter or fully into God's love in this situation? What is it mean to be faithful to kingdom values in particular context? Maybe maybe having a beatitudes the be attitudes right in front of you to say a blessed are the poo in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Bless are those who warn, where they shall be frighted. you think of the beatitudes, put them alongside, which you're experiencing, and see if there's something that lead you to claim from the beatitudes in this particular situation are there for the spirit, or the teachings of of the a sermon in the or some of Paul's writings. Uh, I think you just ﬁnished, of course, with uh prop Doug on Corinthians and realize, wow, there were issues at Corinth that would make us blush. So, what does the great Commandment, love and God and neighbor record of a at this time? Is there a spiritual sacriﬁcial commitment I need to make in this in this situation? Um Can I respond to the kind of theorize described in light of a deeper work of a spirit? You know, sometimes things get worse before they get better. Sometimes you have to get get to a little chaos before there's a new order, a new order. So if we summarize, uh, we might say that, um speakingologyically for eaters is to see on I see what's going on in this situation. So I need to see you through a spiritual lens, but I also need to make a good dist disturbing sociologist. in what's happening in the culture, I need to, who learned what is what am I seeing in the culture, judging is is another word for darding? How do I discern what I see? how do like how do I mash that up with kingdom man? I use it with a scripture, and therefore, what is a spirit calling me to do how am I to act upon what I see and what I am deserving, and you can see why I discern into is important in a group as a group to discern together, so as the love Chunuka, the body of Christ of pipuka sultan like familyuka, ﬁnding the branches, good Samaritans, experiencing kingdom, realities, already not yet, from an inner life of the spirit that personiﬁes freedom, joy, long su1ering, patient, kindness, humili, self control toward a sacriﬁcial love forgiveness, truth, goodness, and beauty so he are just some beginning ways to look at the lod reﬂection and discernment. So here's a here's of reﬂection and leadership in involved in a di1icult accents that you'll be reading in that PDF hand of um that's to me a biblical accent of leadership always begins with creation, we will be from the divine image bearing likeness and human vulnerability.enes one and Gen one is that we are created in God's image and is that we experienced the fall. We experience brokenenness in their lives, and it seems that each one of us may be experience a certain brokenness that others may not, so that mark of the fall in our own lives and our human experience, our human story, uh, maybe maybe very uh personal to us. It been personal in terms of issues that we we struggle with, uh and might be a struggle of uh self-concept? I might be a struggle of addictions. Who knows it right face? And that God's covenant he wants to forming people of God, leading through Israel's experiences of slavery, the exodus, freedom, celebrations, rebelling and conﬂicts, great wealth, idle worship, failing drama, div divided nation and exertal desolation, moral failures. God is formally people through all of those experiences, and the leadership roles were priestly prophetic and kingship, priestly prophetic and kingship, so you can read through all of the Old Testament, and this is a brief a brief description of what happened then as a di1erent players and leaders were involved in that drama of the Old Testament, and then in the groundbreaking shift where Jesus redeﬁned or often priest and king, and so he redeﬁned king as shepherd steward servant, announced the good news of the kingdom. The radic reframing of messiahship and values in the canosis is the hin inﬂuians two and then the log got out in neighbor, as one self forming aventional community through discipleship, and being transformed into lifeness of price for union and service with Christ at Pentecost spirit part out and all ﬂesh, and the the expansion of the emer church. And I think Pastroonda a paper on Singapore being Antioch, right? And so this whole engaging group discern into the crossing major group identity boundaries that include the Gentiles, there was a big deal, by the way, Jerusalem, the Jerusalem council enacts defeemed, was a big deal. Are we going to let those people in? They've not even been circumcised, those Gentiles? So I actually like to be a Gentile back then and they'regusting whether as a male, and there's sexy whether or not you can be, you can be in the in group and be a member, only if you get circumcised uh, that'd be a tough church membership requirement. So in an end of the leadership gifts, apostles, props, um evangelus pastor teachers, equipping the church for ministry and the networks of that Paul established, maintaining the energy Christ. But while all over the issues that he he encountered with the di1erent churches and the ultimate purpose then, of course, is to reconcile um all things, all things, whether earth or the in heaven by making peace with love the cross. that's kind of a a thumbnail picture of theological reﬂection and leadership biblical accents. So uh we've come to over over the way, Saint Augustine said in essentials unity, in doubtful matters, liberty in all things charity, as a good, good advice and bounding for us. I mean, engage in theological reﬂection in essentials unity, in doubtful manners, liberty, in all things charity. So again, um a a few minutes and jot it down some thoughts of a watchinging is up for me, what interest meeting, so what are the implications not a wet may you consider doing a new practicing so take a just to three minutes, jot down and then Kimberly will put us into breakout rooms and you can enjoy some rich discussion of theological reﬂection, doing theology will be dyn theology or really sessions. You were theologians. pre 10 minutes together. Any we put break up rooms. So I also discuss this like, but just not a and one who wanted and sorry you didn't get the opportunity Okay. Huh? Sorry?? What do you see? Okay, okay, I'm not yourself if you if you want to share. everyone and Christine from uh what I. So actually interestingly today I was actually reﬂecting on how to be a godli leader in the marketplace. So this morning I had a meeting with my team, uh so when I run a business. um so they always lat issue right and all that. And then I was talking to another business order who say, yeah, you always track that we can check them to uh say we ﬁnd it and it. But we you really ﬁnd them because they create, right? So, um that that you pondering like this like, how do we be a good leader, a Christian, a leader, a good business leader, upholding Christians, uh values? But mean, you don't must understand that we are working with perhaps non- Cristians, other races. So how do we actually tackle that? And I was thinking like, um, so is it like what class thing we are always zero anger? So if they are late for my customers, am I supposed to have zero anger. So there's something that went from my thought. But just as we're going through, uh we pro and like doing the lessons I was suddenly reminded everything of the church but if you looked at the Bible I thought chastens Hast took just to punish us, but for ourol learn something and for us to become a better person, so I was just reminded like I mean if we look at how God actually uh teaches his leaders and teaches his sons and daughters, I think that would be a good way to practice in the marketplace. so we learned like gracious as leaders and also as like business own business also like let's say, I mean, the person is always consistently and, you know, how would you head no, like the situation or anyone like, you know, that you said about and really who you like ﬁnd of being. I think it's about having and about speaking a crew in love and also like co also a called order engine. like, you know, that the yes or the he on, right? Like in Genesis, the creation story where ele he also said his boundaries in kept of the garden. So I think that like being healthy Christian and healthy in the in how does this tila by the sudden perspective is about andforcing that also in a lo discipline way. Yeah, so true. Okay, we anyone else let's keep the ball ruleing. maybe the idea of context. I think uh considering like the context like whether uh that's the the or the the time and the characters a key to to go about, I guess, maybe di1erent measures to to see how to look at it. I mean, uh I think I think I'll be curious to like why are they like like what has about it what said before and after all day. So I mean this myity, but also that always had that much time because if they need to address something they would need to address it and sometimes we also have limited high and resources. So I think the least that can be done this at least have the top or maybe just have a winding or like a the if such behavior was on that, there would be consequences like cannot be keep going on without any consequences that may not be help fuller with the company. reasonable if you found the Christian. Let's the same church as you I believe that percentage percentage South say like you want to work to the past?, not yet but this, you know we we need a setology and I think it's very reasonable about countries that well where we are. Okay, anyone else, you do have to break because about a minute left in my company who's also from church and uh the area last year and everything and uh, but at a sudden uh it's a contractual and it being contable for many years yeah and uh and I was just reminder that that um maybe di1erent and di1erent things um can you get a promotion, you get you don't get a low banner there also a transfer where we can either person who also just be loving, you know, and who see the Gula that I I think important on yeah. Thank you for Well,. Okay. Well, walking back, everybody, and um so uh I see some questions from the previous suction, but I would be happy to take some uh questions from this session and I see uh, la, As a leader, how can I navigate a situation where someone holds an opinion that hasolute truth? Oh, I see it di1erently, especially when we're not peers. How can we hold space for diverse perspectives while staying true to our my own view without controlling or oh wow, yeah, so that's where sometimes we we have to um there's a word, there's a word I'll use uh, in this course called being self-di1erentiated, self di1erentiated, and what that means it is I I have a di1erent perspective right on myself is di1erent from others, but self-d di1erentiated does not mean I've cut myself o1 from others, but it means I'm self di1erentiated and connected at the same time connected at the same time, even though we may disagree. So now we know that we disagree, but we can still be colleagues. We can still even be friends, even though we disagree. Now, I don't know what that issue is. It could be, um I guess the one question would be, is there ever an issue where you say, I can't be your colleague anymore? I think that that would be a that would have to be a pretty I'm trying to think of an issue where it would be I'm I'm cutting you o1 from the relationship. So anyway, that would I think that deserves to be to think through I would just say we can di1erent disagree and we could still be connected. And we can still have a relationship. Um, and I would know. So the theological reﬂection on leadership in groupical accents is very distinctive change of lea of style based on a di1erent period. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. Oh, from creation to ultimate purpose. There are many di1erent leadership styles that were expressed in the in the biblical narrative. So you think of moles or and but all the cost all the calls stories, the Old Testament, Gideon, Moses, all of them were like Lord, why are you calling me? me? You're calling me to do that so they I'ideon. I'm the least in my family's the least status and so the call stories are often based on a deep humility, but then there is a new awareness of who God is and who we are who they were as leaders, and then a new way of reframing the situation. So some leaders are very powerful, David, Solomon of those kings amass so much power and privilege, and materialism and wives, and of course, adultery got David into trouble, but then in his confession, uh, the sole say that he was a man and got his own heart because he laid himself out in in ultimate vulnerability before the Lord. So and then you go into the New Testament and you have impetuous Peter and you have Paul the missionary, you have so many di1erent personalities and very many di1erent leadership styles, will ﬁnd out that the appropriateness of a particular leadership style gets more relational or more task is dependent upon the situation, and the characteristics of the followers your leading. So we'll talk about that another time. Um, let's see. Let me have a Peter. Got a couple minutes left here. What does leadership mean? How do we even know we are good leaders in that workplace? Okay, is um we're gonna we're that will be throughout this course. good leaders in the workplace, but all theist generally say is is there trust is there sensibly longing? Are people are do people do can they release their creativity, their own calling? Is their good will? is uh are all the systems working together to fulﬁll a common purpose of what'll be talking about that throughout the course? Here here's expectations are wor part of the speakers intention. This Lina, preachers we need to stand and guided by with the congregations with perive our message as opposed to what we want and to hear. No, no, no, no, no. It's just to make sure that you realize that their expectations are part of the relational process of your teaching, and just to be aware that their expectations are really important. They're not an empty vessel. They have a lens, they have their own lens of interpretication that come from culture, come from a variety of things. So they're not empty vassel, so what she was saying needs to interact with what they're perceiving. So uh what does I about leadership over? I think little you be exploring that in webok got accents. What theological prero is best for the leaders who are facing their own failure awe, while um I I I think it's it's this this intimate confession before the Lord, as David did. ah, to say here I am the Lord, and then wait to receive god's healing, forgiveness, unconditional love, God wants God wants and heal any failure or result of the failure that you experience, God is just waiting to come in and do that kind of spiritual surgery for you. So just wait, be maybe if you need someone to pray with you about that. It m may take some time, but it can happen and it will happen. um stay at it. Time for a break. Oh, these are so good. I just want to keep going, but time for a break. See you again. um before I could look at the syllabus with you, I'd like to follow up on that last question about a failure. And um my own story is that uh I started teaching at Vanguard in in 1983. and uh in seven years, they asked me to to be the director of grass studies. uh I had whether I thought was a wonderful marriage. We've been married for 14 years and um about six months before this coming um I just had an uneasy feeling that something wasn't right and I would talk to my wife and Caesar anything that we need to work on, and she was actually a psychologist, so she was known and a nothing needed to work on. And that day that I was when I do a role as director grass studies, um, she told me she was leaving me. And she did uh that night and um my world fell apart um I was a minister, I am a mister, but that night I needed a savior because I felt so alone and kept lost and desperate my self esteem was shattered um I didn't know what I would do uh at the university if this news got out. um so I know about it bailure. I know about failure. I was fortunate enough to have a few very trusted friends who loved me and carried me through this season. I um my faith was weak, so I needed their faith to help keep me. Um ﬂoating the leadership where so leaders are so supportive of me, save you stay in your job. You're exactly where we want you to be and work I't want you to be. And I got through it. I got through it. And I experienced a beautiful gift of forgiving, a forgiving, uh a person who wrong me and um I won't go to any of the other details except to say that um I came through it because of God's love and the support of my friends. So I'm I'm I think I'm I want I feel like I'm going to happinessental life on this earth. And so a guy will what God will a guy who do through it, lean in into it, lean into a very explores some di1erent prayer practices that will help you in wish God wants to transform us uh for the insight out and has and and that's the beauty and the guilt that God will use all of our human experiences in this transformative Germany, all of human experiences so by one way that I deﬁne spirituality is to integrate all the experiences, even our failures, into theilted relationship with Christ. some, I just wanted to share that with you. um the syllabas brieﬂy let's see. d d It's right. It is So this is an awkward two sentences up here. Did I write this? I guess I extended of me should have been disational pock who had borrows from social political media sciences as well as yeah need to Oh, okay. Thank you. How's that? Oh, because we have a gate at your desk top screen as well, I'm sorry, no, no, yeah, okay. Got it. I don't want the desk come. I want the Here we go. Yeah. I didn't know where I was when I wrote these ﬁrst two sentences, but this this needs to change. I has changed. as awkward. Okay. So um the learning out comes personal bad values, ourerior life, that impacts relationships. My own sense is that healthy, healthy leaders with a healthy interior life inﬂuence healthy teams, and healthy teens inﬂuence healthy organizations, and we need healthy organizations in voca environments as unis simple. e1ective teams and communication, uh, we look at di1erent theories. We'll probably look at one, maybe two theories a week, and then we'll be looking at the dark side of the leadership and uh how these leaders can be applied to your situation. So the two textbooks are leading the corrugation, uh between 10 version, and um I think you'll ﬁnd it a steel very applicable even though we ﬁrst wroteed the 93 and then revised it on major division of 2010.. And here's the monograph on uh Gupical access. So the really recyists uh do one hour before class. they'll be a written essay at the end of the class of how you might describe theerior framework and you in your own leadership development or organzational setting, how you planning uses it on steps you use to apply it, and each week when we go through one of these, we can explore how you might be able to apply that to your situation. So you'll be keeping a leadership notebook that is is justiny down. What do you learning from the readings that that you want to pay attention to for your own journey and for your own leadership? There are also some questions at the end of the chapters in getting the congregation and also some questions under after s sections in the large reﬂections on leadership that is in uh this PDF document. So just choose one of the questions that you would uh provide some of your insights, uh in response to them. And then the essay will be applying what are the theories or frameworks to your situations and then there'll be a comprehensive object of exam, and I'm giving you a steady guide for that so there'll be no surprise it was on that um on that exam. At any if there any questions uh jot them down and uh the Q and eight and I'll make sure that I responded them before class next week. So, this go back to our third hour and our third hour remained to be looked at an introduction to a the leadership concept of bleeding from within. let' see that? Yeah. So the interior dynamics and I what I like to share this tonight I'll introduce um what is't called the best use of self, that is to say, how do you engage your best use of yourself into a leadership context, whether it be a team or an entire organization, there have been some really some wonderful uh research done, uh conducted mainly by a dear friend of mine who passed away from Col that her she was a leaning authority and organization development, mayanne Chung judge, who was a Chinese Brit, that I got to know that we worked together in the same faculty for a while out of the Oxford San information size. But before we get into that, I hear some evolving leadership theories. So you have the great man theory. This is about a power in the 19 1929 or so trait theory um and by the way, it was a great man because the only studied great men. Stud great women, uh, yet is all changed now, of course, trade and then I went to um group, whatever leaders in in uh behaviors in group activities and then scales behaviors in group that continued in the 50s and 60s, and then a big focus on what how do leaders the respond to di1erent situations in the organization? And that's when also there was a beginning on jentular studies, the leadership, and that the groundbreaking shift for me and others was in the late 70s with Robert Greenleaf, who wrote at the classic work on servant Leo. It's it's a beautiful writing in which he he believed that all institutions, all organizations regard as way of business, education, religious, whatever, should be servant, servant institutions, serving the common good, serving others, serving leaders, and then James Gardara Burns was a political scientist, uh defying what transformational leadership consisted of. So we'll we'll be to look at some of these. And then uh let's just call what what um roast called theoliﬁcics stew. So reciprocal chaos, this is open systems, a new science that was started in the 80s. And nowhow the current, there so many, um wonderful theories around that are explored in the 90s to the present, so the use of self authentic leadership, servant as reallyvisited, family systems, adaptive, spiritual leadership, theory, actually is a there's a theory of spiritual leadership that is very Christian that is promoted inectular organizations, um and followership genric culture impact theory, you complexity, a shadow word, bad toxic constructive, leader isaler, all of those are in the present mix of of the leadership of literature. So we begin with the statement, who's who you are is how you lead it, who you are is, how you lead. and our lead uniquely out of our image very like this. God has created you and he is smiling when he created you in just joyfulandonment to say, I want you to be in this world that I created. I want you to be in this world. I want to give you creative gifts and divine image bearing. God wants you to use your creativity that he has given to you. God wants you to be powerful as inﬂuence. God wants you to be powerful, but the union had agency, but the use powered the way God uses power, and not use power to be destructive or controlling, but to use power in a way that will help othersers and help our world become a better place and as a Christian then to promote kingdom values, so we will you lead uniquely out of thepearing like this every every human being bears some some image bearing likeness of their creator, and um I believe that institutions also organizations, can have image the divine image bearing like this. When we practice blood joy peace and fruit of the spirit, and we practice forgiveness, we we are as an institution or as an organization demonstrating imagering lightness. but we also leave out of our humanondness and our human bookess. So we've all experienced some degreepping failure and disappointment in our cells or in others, and I would say that um that the one way to describe this is some kinds you just hit the wall o1, and the wall doesn't crumble, but we crumble instead and then we realize while we are we are broken in our own, even though we're imagearing, we are also broken, people, but we are being transformed into Christ likeness, for union and service with Christ, and as the beauty, that ask the story that the story of leaders shouldes the story of the good news that o our image began the human vists, we are being transformed to Christ likeness or union in its service with Christ. And so here's myself, my teams, my networks, my organization, I don't know how many in your organization or how many teams or networks you belong to. But you can see how who am I in relation to the teens? How do others people experience me in my presence? That's a great question, by the way. How do others and how do others experience you in your presence? Well, that brings us to this research report that, um that you will get if you want to you don't have to read it by the way, um I'm not sure I got on the data is 60ty p or something. But if you want to, you can read this and um so you can see there were seven 10 four respondents from 45 countries, Singapore it was well represented in this, by the way. um and so it was multi racial or more females than males, but this is the study. and it's very interesting. I'll look at some of that in just a minute, but what is self? it's um our unique or essential being that distinguish the sublim others. So who are we in relationship to others? Who are we in a relation to a particular organization in a particular culture? So, you know, I when I ﬁrst I came of Gilman and I came to Singapore for the ﬁrst time, um two years ago in February. And I was I was just kind of who who are these people? We're in city you know, this uh city Harvest church is such a big church and and um what a lot of the accepted and all of that. It was like, uh I felt some insecurity because I I knew I needed to learn something about your culture that I had never experienced before, and the the beauty about this is that all of you have made this feel so welcome and so free to be ourselves, so that's an important element, isn't it? The freedom to be ourselves in relationship than to others. are our in neat elements of our personality, a healthy eagle, components of our English tourist psyche. Some of our we still all of us still have some immaturity to to get over and grow into health and experiences of our life become integrated over a kind and to hopefully a well functioning whole. So said, uh, being conscious of our whole being, mind by emotion, spirit, by the way, the study of spirituality the organizations um is bring is the study where people can bring their whole sense of self into the marketplace. their mind, their body, their emotions, their soul, their spirit to the work we do with our sense of agency, our sense of we can do something in creating an impact that is needed in the system while being mindful of personal resistances, defenses, and agendas as a mouthless. How do I bring my my whole sense of self with agency to create an impact while being mindful, I had got resistances I had got defenses. I've got agendas that I need to deal with in order to make that happen. So I do you bring to your ministry or you marketplace leaders, what do you bring to the marketplace orization other than your experience steals knowledge, love of God and passion how aware you are of your impact on the people of your boss whose sta1, colleagues, partners how well you observe the people you work with. how well do you know ought to have the right touch point to help people feel they see you and you see them how accurate and systemic, you are in tuning near the environment your organization functions in en able to discern what the system needs versus my own little world, when a little world, what I need, and what if this a system need? What does the pain mean? And then how do I show up in the inﬂuence these situation and how I use myself as an instrument for changing or making changes ethically? So when you think of a piece of work that you've done well in the recent past or a piece of work you could have done even better, or in an interaction with some signiﬁcant others that went brilliantly, or in the not as well as you want, what was the role your self played in those di1erent scenarios, either how well you did it or not as well as you thought in every day life, how much am I aware of the role myself plays when things either go well or not swell this this is the question of how do we use our best use of cell, created in God's image, guility with our own brokenenness, our own defenses, our own resistances, and still making an impact on the lives of others, so when things go well or things go wrong, the sense making peace can o1er them be found and ourselves, whatever we think some one else has to change, which I often do, I have to also keep in mind, what do I have to change? I can make anyone change what I want them to do. They've got to want to change to change, so therefore what do I need to change that would help change the dynamics? So they lose our requires a personal awareness and this intrapersonal inside, who am I? How do I show up? What is my impact on letters where are my intentions for actions? So that's why Keisha line over 200 students is a little di1icult for me because I'm not the only way I know of my impact is I can see a little bit, I can see a few of your faces, your body bag, and your questions, how give me feedback and what my impact is through your questions, but um you know, how how are you how are your experiencing me showing up to teach um I I'm not fully aware of that. If we are in the same classroom, I think I could have a I could have better information, better data about that. But this is a question for all of us, isn't it? How do I show up how do I this feel in my presence? Um awareness of others? This goes into the interpreter interpersonal, who are they? How do I help them bring out their best and let support do they need? How do I help others bring up their best? awareness of the context, what is going on in the organization? What is needed from me or from my team for the best of the organization? So, you know, SOT is part of city harvest. so all the team members of SOT is not just an independent on a organization it is it's in a larger context of city harvest in city harvest that is a larger context than network of churches and all of that, such as kind of keeps expanding in interns of kingdom impact in the world, and we're playing our part, our part on the king we sermon to make that larger impact as it continues a ripple into a larger inﬂuences. So based on our awareness of this intersection of some other context, we then make a choice of action to support people in the organization. that's the essence of the use of cell. So the cell uh becomes a critical instrument or the tool for an intervention in an organization. And I know sometimes you just feel powerless if you feel hey, I don't make those decisions. I meant the ground level those people up there make the decisions, so I I know what can I do? so um is true that there are boundaries within the initial situations or the initial positions or organization, but you can still have an impact. You can still have an impact in those who are around you and those who around you then have an impact on the larger and the larger and larger. So those leaders who can catalon an inner profound shift in others oftener some operus from their own people sell that is, they know their own instrumentality. They know their own inner life that can make a di1erence. So I I know that I need to bring a part of my the part of myself. The best to of myself to you over 200 people in a class, 200 people in a class. I I have to bring my besties of self that I can then and I just said yourself self, by the way, does not lecture three hours. My best use of cell is if we were in a classroom sitting around a table, and we could we could be interacting, that would be my best use of cell. So we're in the ﬂow. We're in the ﬂow and we use what we know about ourselves to enentionally draw an aspects of our whole selves. our mind, our hearts, our spirit, our soul to positively impact the current situations through provided service helping change and assisting meths. Self awareness know about who we are our whole spell, our public su1er personas, shadows, personality styles, attitudes, values, knowledge, the good bad and ugly we about ourselves. how much each of our self components show up a1ects what we see, how we know or what we do and ultimately, how the execure our roles. So without this self understanding, we ﬁnd blind and not knowing what why we do, what we do and think what we think. So we cannot intentionally make the choice most often because we're unaware that there's a choice to be made and we also hold back due to fears lack of conﬁdence or unclear purpose. So my point is that we need self awareness that leads to self understanding all the dynamics inside and as a lifelong journey, self awareness and self understanding leads to agency leads to agency, without self awareness and without self understanding, we will simply be reacting. We are reacting to the external world, but we want to be actors with the best use of self understanding and then acting with agency. So, in the quantity that data from this report, uh, the top factor of uh best use of self was relationship centric values. The second was that the the continuous development of self and other awareness, the third was cognitive emotional skills of courageous serve, and the fourth was self management, how I management self and emerginguations. So those were the top factors. Now, here is some questions for your own personal reﬂection. and I would take some time with these. When you have some time, um my wife, Gail and I, uh when I ﬁrst uh received this this research report, it was uh about three or four years ago. We spent a whole day on a stay home vacation, and we, uh we journal these questions on our own and then we shared them with each other. So letting have asked you personally feel your best use of self creates for others. What barriers than their self are most common in handry nervestities of so like do you have negative self talk? say, oh, why they can mess up again? Oh, I can't do that. Oh, no, I't I don't have any you know, whether that internal messages. What barriers from others are the situation are most common in Henry your best use or cell? you know, is it possible that you're just so overworked that you don't have any kind clean and think about? uh, how you might be use your best yourself. And what what are the habits that you develop that help you maintain your energy focus and sharpness? So these are these are four questions that might be might be worthwhile considering with this subject of the use of the self. from the research, this is this is how the respondents answered the question, the impacts you person feel your best for pri for others, provides safety and spaciousness. People become bigger and have more conﬁdence, people are better to see if people are able to see better, generate perspectives and create hope, people are able to take action and improvement understanding on and others in better relationshipships. People become our self aware, become more open. The work is able to handact the system they know their best developant action. This is what and these were all, by the way, OG consultants around the world and how the A worker able them to help organizations improve their health and make shifts and changes. So to achieve this then, uh the use of self involves taking kind ignno ourselves, a substitute sens situation, what is needed, our intentions, capabilities, selecting from choices, and pay attention to what we need to consciously manage ourselves for the good of the situation. So um I want to clarity what I have in these area because how do I show up? How do I show up? do I show up with a um a positive presence? You know, even a smile, do I show up a smile or do I show up to a team meeting, uh just with a a a a body language that says, I don't want to be her. I don't care about you. I am blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, whatever it is presence, behavior is conﬁdence, courage and emotions, ages, ego, self understanding, how do I show up? What's my internal landscape? When I do show up? And I do I do I pay attention to what's going on inside? That's why in all team meetings, I would start o1 with, um, hey, what what's what's when word describes what you'll bring to the be me? Let people share one word about their internal landscapes. that put it on the table, and that way they won't be trying to repress it or compartmentalize it. They're put it on the table. um potentially railers, what what what derails mean from usenphus usess cell it might be fears like a conﬁdence or noilities that means we need the holy Spirit to heal us so that we can become more Christ light and allowing Christ within us to um to help us lead through our own unique giftings and personality and experiences um that's that's uh that that's where we need that's that's the growing area for us. So on way could build and strength and my coreel, we'll be we'll be following up with this next week, by the way, but we'll be a portionous from a Christian spirituality, a Christian spirit formation blends. The range of Posillin do as my persona in P by a carcin, did is to say in public, do I need to hide part of myself that really is true to me and I would love to share, but I don't feel comfortable. I don't feel free and sharing that of I strengthen my labors to keep me steady and how do I diminish my internal the regulars, all of these than would be important for taking some steps and in the in the leadership leading theation, you'll see then that, um chapter one was around um the danger so meeting of leading certain sacriﬁcially could be dangerous because you're putting yourself on the line, you' put the institution on the line. but preserve the institution for its own setting to stay safe within the status can also be dangerous because it may lead to death. The evidence to change is doubtfully dangerous because people don't reject changes as much as they reject the loss they feel in change. And so they't push back um don't be resistance, expect resistance. By the way, as a leader, expect resistance, don' ﬁghted, seek to understand it. Don't ﬁght the resistance seek to understand it resistance is natural. It is natural? We resist and so need to understand in order to work through them chapter 2 interior attitudes, not childish, but we need this childlike curiosity and playfulness. I hope I hope your teams are organizations have some playfulness that you learn that you like to play as well as work hard. We need we need party animals in Christian organizations, all right? Let's just say it, we need some party animals in Christian organizations. um I know one is out there in this class, but I don't mention his name, he was starts with L and the next letter is you and C and that's all I'm going to say. um does that des I to serve uh the desire for self-aware of self-examination chapter 3D the leader's spirituality of, oh, relcklessly man's. And so the spirituality of Jesus lay out of a rhythm and public ministry and private space will uh we take a look at all of this next week. So um let's look at some um jour questions again and uh whatstand sound up to you from this new stu1 and so whatever in the implications to the key points to what you're doing and now what what so what and now what? And when uh we were gonna break up rooms again, or about eight minutes, nine minutes. And then when you come back I want to leave you in a prayer of the examine, I prayer the exam that you can put in to practice this week. that we talk about in um in the communication. Okay, I was gonna break out sessions. I'll see you back in eight minutes. I were last one oh, a little village of in shop. But I think it ﬁrst one is what stands up to you right if I remember. us anyone like his coats? I'll start looking. Yeah. maybe for me, I have proﬁt that you know who you is how you because you know I just reminded a lot sometimes you just think we need to be like someone else, we need to be like alentors or we need to we will be idolized a sudden persona, whether at work or in church, right? And I'm just reminded that we really need to deepen our awareness of ourselves, our strengs our witnesses, who we are, right? Because really indeeding and in leadership or whatever position that you is an extension of our carry character. it's just a reminder of that and how we you don' have that video of balance, like meeting objectives, and then yet we need to align with values and then inspire the people that are around us, the inﬂuence that we carry. So it's quite bother that we need know about our values are our convictions and how the we can work through some of the eras in our lives. Yeah. So that's why I think we are of curiosity, like did you feel that who you are as like a needer industry and who you are in church. Oh sorry, in like what like, is it like st like um I think in di1erent circumstances and situations, I can be a little bit di1erent you, but if you talk about like values and consistency, I would want to say that I try my best to be as consistent as we can Yeah, that's good. And also like as like your feel that we age, right, like the like I mean like when you were growing out this also like certain leaders or certain people like we admire or want to be well. Like, do you feel like with H or kind of like uh changes, you know, that we are no, no, consider if that has to be at the o1ice so it's not allowed about it. It's about the person. it's a thought. yeah. Amy, I just wanted to clarify, I sorry, I knew, you know, got U like, do you hear like a round tree by the ﬁrst thing that pro was sharing, you know, like he was sharing about lost in is it?. Oh, k.. And you know just sharing up ﬁrst nice experience of how he when truth is, because of the you any question was about because I didn't know question from before the previous round and it was about was the loss in. So who share this would experience. So so I asked the question it including, okay, um oh, anybody I was anything like stay o1 to you or anything like interest in I think for me I think I think it's of the context of the situation. I think sometimes I think for us as you as you want as you follow, I think it's we do a lot like e1ective on our set and, but sometimes we need of we also to think about how we can the best in our world going on in the company with other people how can we help them to like and how the help them to even like the best I think when we like we by perspective. So even when we like do sessions to get to do like things that we really work well is not being going on so well, right? Then we' also start to get passed by questions that hard be by maraging in terms of like direction of people, they and the organization, I think in the ﬁrst the ﬁrst on the car when answ suddenly an aniety were actually needers are very important and are anles in the workplace. of change transitions remark. Actually a lot of times the I look upon to bring the team forward. So I think't is really quite important with fact piece of paper. The thing of how I would impact the people on us. And yeah, things so important that we don't really think about it. the second time. Yeah, so true. I mean questions that it's that in needership position even in our workplace, like not just min. Yeah, even if the workplace is not the best and variable, but how really our people is soop by having Christian feelings and so also like when we' not from these calls, I think we can put it it to practical applications. Yeah, anyone else to these seconds. is not a bit good night. I hope you are blessed by this lesson with uh forure. see you being home thanks Joey. All right,. Well, welcome back, everybody. um well in the last ﬁve minutes, uh what I'd like to do is leave us in a prayer called the examine and uh this is something that you can use in abbreviated way. maybe once or twice a day, but it's really it really is a practice that will help us become more self-aware. self aware, and the more we become self aware that leads to self understanding and so this was actually developed by um a a saint ignatious ofoyola and he had ﬁve steps in this prayer. And the ﬁrst step was pray pray for the grace to be open to whatever God has for you in this moment. Pray for the grace to be open. The second move, the second part of the prayer is a gratitude or thanksgiving gratitude for simple things that happened in your life. um can be just today it can be a squeak. The third is discernment, and he was interested in whether the whether they movements in in our hearts so he divided them into movements that bringing consolation and peace and move and movements in a heart that bring what you can call desolation or a kind of a divided heart, or a troubled heart. The fourth was confession or acknowledgment of where we're at and ﬁfth would be what what am my hopeful resolutions for the future? What do I intended to? So I'll invite you just close your eyes and it would take a couple of deep breaths as we end our kind together. And it's probably getting late for you, some of you um I may probably this is the beginning of the night for you huh? Because we breathe, we're reminded of God who breathe into Adam, and he became a living the soul, our breath provvised nourishment to our hearts and our lungs are our minds, our brains. and so Lord we asked the grace to be open to lay earthy Spirit has for us in these ending moments of us class. we all out this class to you all discussions all of ours. and now we think of those experiences conversations in which we feel so grateful, we just take them all with the vacuum. where the many graces you give to us throughout the day. Now we move in two a prayerful discernment, and when you review to today think of what brought you peace, what brought you consolation, sons of joy, gentleness, cranniness, that you felt you felt luck, you felt known Now they could a time when you you felt committed by it or torn or um you didn't feel peace and you felt to disconnect. Maybe it was a conversation to hand. maybe a conﬂict and so good big knowledge that it had notized all that we had prayed to this point in this some confession and thenord Elpus Alpus make any changes come our What are you ca

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