Exam 5 Review Sheet Fall 2022 PDF

Exam Five Review Sheet Chapter 11 What are relational transgressions? o When people violate implicit or explicit relational rules What are the most common transgressions identified by college students? o Infidelity o Deceptive words or actions o W...

Exam Five Review Sheet Chapter 11 What are relational transgressions? o When people violate implicit or explicit relational rules What are the most common transgressions identified by college students? o Infidelity o Deceptive words or actions o Wanting or dating others Why do explicit and implicit rules matter for transgressions? o Because they are rules in a relationship that are either implied/assumed, or explicit and made known How are costs and rewards related to transgressions? o Costs and rewards often drive transgressions. The rewards are appealing and short-term, while the costs are more long-term. Students may be more likely to engage in misconduct if the rewards feel high and the costs are low or avoidable. What are the various types of transgressions that we discussed? (Be able to explain what each kind is and give an example…not just list) o Acts of disloyalty- often seen as betrayal, producing deep feelings of hurt, anger, or jealousy o Infidelity- cheating (spending time w/other person; disclosing personal info to someone other than your partner) o Acts of disassociation & exclusion- distancing from someone by making excuses, avoiding, and not inviting them to places (microaggressions) o Personal criticism- attacking a person’s character o Relational devaluing communication- making statements that show disregard for the relationship o inconsiderate acts & false promises- feeling unappreciated, taken for granted, taken advantage of, canceling on someone last minute, or showing up late w/out a good excuse o Violent or threatening acts- least forgivable of transgressions. Physical force or power, or threats that result in injury What is a microaggression? o comments that make someone feel like an outsider What are the four types of interpersonal violence? o physical violence, sexual violence, stalking, psychological harm In what ways does social support relate to transgressions? o Social support can influence transgressions by either discouraging or encouraging harmful behavior. What is forgiveness? What is it not? o it involves letting go of the negativity you feel toward someone who has wronged you o it is not forgiving and forgetting, condoning the behavior, granting legal mercy, wishing for revenge, or reconciliation How do we seek forgiveness? o Apology, compensation, excuses, and justification  How do we grant forgiveness? o acknowledgin the transgression, extending undeserved mercy, letting go of negative emotions, and renegotiating the relational boundaries Chapter 12 How do the relationship characteristics predict stability? o If the relationship is involuntary/voluntary, investment, barriers, rewards and costs What are the types of de-escalation and relationship ending? (Again, be able to explain what each is, and give an example…not just list them.) o drifting away- moving, not calling, not texting o bad terms- betrayal, lying, criticism, violence ▪ Antipathetic- starting as friends → not friends ▪ Catastrophe- something extreme happens o family estrangement- physical (not around them) emotional (ignoring them0 o on again/off again What are the features of breakup behavior? o Direct/indirect strategies ▪ wanting to save face ▪ level of info (the reason behind breakup) ▪ possibility of getting back together ▪ how you’ll act around each other ▪ hurtfulness Common breakup behaviors? o direct dump, relationship trick talk (no intention of fixing), positive tone (direct/praising partner), negotiated farewell (setting an end date), and blame game What are the skills that help you to recover from a breakup? o Emotional Regulation: Managing emotions like sadness, anger, and frustration, can help you cope with the intense feelings following a breakup. o Self-Compassion: Being kind and understanding to yourself, avoiding self-blame, and recognizing that healing takes time. o Effective Communication: Engaging in open, honest conversations about your feelings with supportive friends or family, can provide emotional relief and understanding. o Cognitive Restructuring involves changing negative thought patterns, such as focusing on what you learned from the relationship or recognizing that the breakup may be an opportunity for personal growth. o Social Support: Seeking help from friends, family, or support groups to feel validated and less isolated during recovery. Modern Romance Be able to talk about what Ansari did to research dating and what he found  o Aziz Ansari teamed up with sociologist Eric Klinenberg to explore the world of modern dating, combining humor with serious research. Ansari and Klinenberg conducted surveys, interviews, and ethnographic studies, including interviews with people in different cultures and cities (e.g., New York, Tokyo, Buenos Aires) to understand how technology, especially dating apps, has reshaped romantic relationships. ▪ Impact of Technology: Ansari found that dating apps like Tinder and Bumble have significantly changed how people meet and interact. While these platforms offer convenience and a wider pool of potential partners, they also make dating feel more superficial and transactional. ▪ The Paradox of Choice: With so many options at our fingertips, people experience what's known as "the paradox of choice." This abundance can lead to decision fatigue, making it harder for people to commit or feel satisfied with their choices, as they wonder if someone better is just a swipe away. ▪ Changing Norms: Ansari noted that dating has become less about traditional rituals (like meeting through friends or family) and more about instant gratification, with texting and online messaging playing a large role in communication. However, despite the rise of digital communication, face-to-face interactions and personal connections were still highly valued in forming meaningful relationships. ▪ Expectations vs. Reality: Many people had unrealistic expectations when it came to finding a partner online. Ansari found that while people are often looking for a "perfect match," the reality of dating, even with the help of apps, involves a lot of awkward moments, misunderstandings, and failed connections. ▪ Cultural Differences: Ansari's research revealed that dating norms vary greatly across cultures, with some cultures more focused on family involvement in dating, while others emphasize individual choice and autonomy. ▪ How does what he found relate to what we have discussed in class throughout the semester? o We’ve covered computer-mediated communication and how it affects/influences relationships, for the paradox of choice we looked at clALT/rewards/costs/relational needs/dialects/love styles, and we’ve covered culture (western compared to U.S.)