Psy 225 Intro to Forensic Psych Exam 3 Outline PDF

Psy 225 Intro to Forensic Psych Outline Exam 3 Ch 10, 11. Victims of crime and Family Violence/child victimization Ch 12, 13. Correctional Psychology in adult settings and juvenile justice Ch 10, 11. Victims of crime and Family Violence/child victimization 1\. Introduction of chapter -- types o...

Psy 225 Intro to Forensic Psych Outline Exam 3 Ch 10, 11. Victims of crime and Family Violence/child victimization Ch 12, 13. Correctional Psychology in adult settings and juvenile justice Ch 10, 11. Victims of crime and Family Violence/child victimization 1\. Introduction of chapter -- types of crimes 2\. Multiculturalism and victimization -- incarceration rates, (including but not limited to) i.e. 3. 1\. Systemic factors contributing to cultural disparities The first police forces in the US were slave patrols. After the Civil War, Black Codes - vagrancy a crime - convict leasing. Black people routinely arrested, incarcerated, lynched for violations of Jim Crow laws. Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 Mandated 5 yrs w/o parole for possession of 5 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine. Crack used more in Black communities- it was easier to develop and cheaper than powder cocaine Compare the reaction to crack c o c a i n e to the opiate e p i d e m i c 4\. Victims w/ disabilities -- ADA Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA): designed to protect against work discrimination. --The Crime Victims with Disabilities Awareness Act (1998): designed to increase public awareness of the extent and nature of crime against victims with developmental disabilities. 5\. Legal rights of victims Criminal justice process: intimidating and frustrating. --Fear of retaliation by aggressor if released --Perception police do not respond quickly or exhibit lack of sensitivity toward victims. Protection of the rights of suspects, defendants, and victims. --Constitution protects suspects but not victims --Defendants have right to representation during police questioning and trial. --Victims have the prosecutor (govt) may pay little attn to physical, financial or emotional needs. --Twice victimized.. At time crime occurs & encounter w/ criminal justice process. Challenges and success. --Victims' assistance programs may be the first to go when budgets are tight. --Most victims do not exercise their right of allocution at bail, sentencing, or parole hearings e.g., express remorse, apologize. --Some survivors of mass violence are successful at bringing attention to larger social issues such as the availability of guns, economic inequality, or lack of sufficient mental health services. --Groups advocating on behalf of victims of police violence (e.g., Black Lives Matter) have conducted peaceful protests in numerous cities across the country to bring about change in how police are recruited and trained, and how they carry out their obligation to serve and protect. 6\. Criminal victimization as a function of age 7\. Characteristics of victims of sexual violence, (including but not limited to) i.e., 1\. Age, gender, etc\... Chapter 11 8\. Introduction to Intimate partner and family violence A. Statistics 1 in 3 females will experience Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) at some point in their lifetime. IPV is a significant issue, with domestic violence homicide-suicides often involving past or present intimate partner relationships. In these cases: Nearly all victims are female. Most perpetrators are male. The risk factors for IPV-related homicides include: A history of domestic violence. The perpetrator\'s criminal history. A restraining order against the abuser. The victim leaving the abusive relationship. ➔ Firearms are a significant risk, with 15 times more likelihood of a gun being used against a family member than an intruder. ➔ Intimate partner violence (IPV) remains a major risk for serious injury or fatal outcomes, especially in relationships marked by controlling behaviors, past violence, and legal actions like restraining orders. B. Motivations Power and control are the central motivations for IPV. Abusers often seek to dominate their partners through various means, including physical violence, psychological manipulation, and controlling behaviors. Abusers often use intimidation, isolation, and emotional abuse to maintain control, with tactics like: ○ Threatening or actual violence. ○ Gaslighting (manipulating the victim into doubting their own reality). ○ Coercive control, such as restricting a partner's access to resources, social networks, and personal freedoms. C. Characteristics of Offenders in Family Violence 9\. Personality Disorders: Many perpetrators exhibit traits associated with antisocial or borderline personality disorders, including: 1\. Egocentrism and a lack of empathy for others. 2\. Substance use disorders (alcohol or drugs). 3\. A high need for control and hostility towards the victim. Patterns of Abuse: IPV often escalates over time, with an increasingly controlling and violent pattern in the relationship. Recidivism: IPV perpetrators are at risk of reoffending if their emotional dysregulation, substance abuse, or unresolved trauma (e.g., Adverse Childhood Experiences) are not addressed. 10.Intimate partner and dating violence Intimate partner and dating violence share many common features, including physical, psychological, and emotional abuse. However, dating violence may involve younger individuals who may not have the coping strategies or support systems in place to leave an abusive relationship. Teen dating violence is particularly concerning, given the risk factors such as peer pressure, lack of experience, and substance abuse. 11\. Risk factors contributing to being victim of interpersonal violence/domestic violence 12.Power and control wheel describes efforts by a controlling partner to restrict the behavior of their partner 13.Protective and risk factors Access to positive social supports Average to above average intellectual development Good attention and social skills Competence at something that attracts adult & peers praise & admiration. Feelings of self-esteem & self-efficacy Religious affiliations providing meaning to life 14.Impact of IPV on children 1.Children exposed to IPV have different mental health needs than those children not exposed. 2\. These children are more likely to have symptoms of PTSD, mood problems, loneliness, lowered self-esteem, and a greater tendency toward self-harm. 3\. IPV exposure affects the child's ability to regulate his or her emotions and appears to be linked to a greater tendency to violence during adolescence and into adulthood. 4\. Witnessing domestic violence has also been associated with psychopathic traits in adult male offenders. Ch 12, 13. Correctional Psychology in adult settings and juvenile justice 1\. Function of jails, prisons, supermax and community-based facilities. (including but not limited to) i.e, 1\. Aspects, features, risks, etc\... associated with populations in each setting. 2\. Difference between parole and probation 1.Probation: A sentence to serve time in the community, subject to supervision and conditions imposed by courts or probation officers. Parole: The conditional release of an offender after completing a portion of his or her sentence. 3\. Female prisoners "unique consequences" Sexually Assaulted 4\. Privatized vs government run correctional facilities Privately operated facilities: The federal government and many states show continued interest in turning to the private sector to hold inmates. However, their effectiveness is questioned Government -those who believe that oversight of persons convicted of crimes should be a governmental responsibility. 5\. Summarize psychological research on solitary confinement 6\. Role of the correctional psychologist and model/psychological principle employed (including but not limited to) i.e., 1\. Criminogenic vs non-criminogenic needs 2\. Specific tasks in each facility and for each population 7\. Landmark cases and significant legislation 1\. Brown v. Plata 2011-California was required to reduce its prison population because the state of the prison due to overcrowding 8 th amendment rights were violated. 2. 3\. Estelle v. Gamble 1976-Inmates have a right to medical treatment, widely interpreted to include mental health treatment 4. 5\. Atkins v. Virginia 6\. McKune v. Lile 2002: allowed inmate to be punished for not participating in treatment (sex offender 7. 8\. Thor v. Superior court 1993;; Washington v Harper, 1990: right to refuse medication; but psychotropic meds can be given to reduce violence 9. 8\. Treatment of special populations, e.g., 1\. Elderly, 2\. Mentally ill 3\. Prisoners with HIV/AIDS 4\. Prisoners with long term sentences 5\. Substance abusing offenders 6\. Violent offenders 9\. Role of the juvenile system although still responsible for the crime not adults due to immaturity. 10.Psychological treatment of juvenile offenders 1\. Treatment of choice Indications by research studies: 2/3 males; 3⁄4 females meet criteria for one or more mental health disorders. Survey on girls in detention: females 3x more likely dx w/severe depression than males. Also present w/ more mental health, SUD, extensive abuse history than males. Depression in adolescents, male or female: irritable, sullen, hostile attribution bias; increasing potential for violence & interpersonal conflicts. Cognitive behavior therapy, pharmacotherapy 11\. Juveniles in correctional facilities Jails and prisons: supermax prisons 12.Issues around youth's amenability to rehabilitation 13.Family preservation models 14.MST vs. FFT; MST- Multisystemic Therapy (MST) -- community approach reserved for serious offenders. Focus on family, peer group, neighborhood, school. FFT- better at providing all family members skills & strategies to function as a self-supporting unit.