EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE.docx

**EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE** The following are topics and terms you should know from each lecture. 50 multiple choice (2pts each); 3 extra credit (2 points each) *[GENERAL TIPS:]* - Send an email or come to office hours-- there's no such thing as an unworthy question! - Remember that your low...

**EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE** The following are topics and terms you should know from each lecture. 50 multiple choice (2pts each); 3 extra credit (2 points each) *[GENERAL TIPS:]* - Send an email or come to office hours-- there's no such thing as an unworthy question! - Remember that your lowest exam grade will be dropped - Take a deep breath. You know stuff ***The Lifespan Perspective (Section 1)*** - Be able to define/know: - Difference between biological, cognitive, and socioemotional development - Chronological vs biological age - Nature vs nurture debate - Erikson's psychosocial theory of development - Know first stage is trust vs. mistrust; second is autonomy vs. shame and doubt - Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory of development (review the image of the model!) - The different systems (microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, etc...) - As the benefits of evolutionary selection **decrease** with age, the need for culture **increases**. ***Beginnings (Section 2)*** - Be able to define/know: - DNA (double helix containing genetic info) - Fertilization is (egg and sperm combining) - Phenotype (how genotype is expressed in observed and measurable characteristics) - Susceptibility and longevity genes - The epigenetic view - Teratogen (and be able to provide example) - Proximodistal and cephalocaudal patterns of development - Post-partum depression - IVF (in-vitro fertilization) - Three stages of **prenatal** development (germinal, embryonic, fetal) - Difference between fraternal (two eggs fertilized by two different sperms) and identical twins (single egg that was fertilized by a single sperm) - Difference between **passive** genotype-environment correlation, **evocative** genotype-environment correlation, and **active (niche-picking)** genotype-environment correlation) - Be able to read an example and know which of the 3 it is - Know what happens during the third stage of the **birth process** - APGAR test is given moments after birth to assess baby wellness - Four lobes of the brain (frontal, partial, occipital, temporal) and their functions - Understand and recognize examples of **normative age-graded** influences (e.g., menopause), **normative history-graded** influences (e.g., Great depression), and **non-normative** life events (e.g., death of a parent as a child) ***Infancy (Section 3)*** - Be able to define/know: - Reflexes and what each one is (Moro, rooting, sucking, grasping) - Difference between gross vs fine motor skills - Pincer vs palmer grasp - Implicit vs explicit memory - ***Infantile amnesia*** - ***Receptive vs spoken vocabulary*** - Piaget's cognitive processes - Assimilation & accommodation - Schema - Object permanence - The visual cliff experiment was used to measure depth perception - ***Describe Chess and Thomas's 3 temperament styles (easy, difficult, slow to warm up)*** - ***Recognize Strange Situation attachment styles (especially secure and insecure avoidant)***