Psych 301 Lecture Study Guide PDF

Psych 301 Lecture Study Guide Professor Tessa Jordan Lecture 1a What does the study of human development seek to do and try to explain? What is the definition of development discussed in class? What properties of change constitute development? Be able to define a...

Psych 301 Lecture Study Guide Professor Tessa Jordan Lecture 1a What does the study of human development seek to do and try to explain? What is the definition of development discussed in class? What properties of change constitute development? Be able to define and identify examples. What are the three domains of development? Be able to define and identify examples. What are the periods of development? Know them in terms of average age ranges and developmental landmarks. What are the reasons to study development that we discussed in class? What does the Nature vs. Nurture debate refer to? What does nature refer to? What does nurture refer to? Be able to define and identify examples. What is quantitative development? Qualitative development? What is Continuous vs. Discontinuous change? Be able to define and identify examples. What does the idea of “the Active Child” refer to? Be able to define and identify examples Understand the factors involved in how individual differences arise. Be able to define and identify examples Lecture 1b Know the following data collection procedures: Parental Report, Naturalistic Observation, Laboratory observation, Standardized Test, Physiological assessments. Be able to define and identify examples or each. Understand the advantages and disadvantages of each. Know the correlational and experimental research designs. Be able to define and identify examples. Be able to define and identify examples of correlation coefficient, negative correlation, positive correlation, independent variable, and dependent variable. Understand the cross-sectional and longitudinal design. Be able to define and identify examples of each. Know the advantages and disadvantages both the cross-sectional and longitudinal design. Be able to define and identify examples. Lecture 2 Define Conception, Gametes, Zygote Know how many chromosomes a gamete and a zygote have. Define blastocyst, embryoblast and trophoblast. What do they give rise to? Distinguish between the three periods of prenatal development—know what marks the beginning and end of each period. What are the major developments taking place in each period? Know them in terms of weeks from conception. Distinguish between the ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm—what will each cell grouping eventually become? When does the developing organism first show evidence of movement prenatally? When does the developing organism evidence all the movements a newborn is capable of? Why does fetal activity decrease in the last few months of prenatal development? 1 Psych 301 Lecture Study Guide Professor Tessa Jordan what developmental sequence do the senses follow prenatally? understand teratogens and their effect on prenatal development Understand the examples of teratogens discussed in lecture Lecture 3 Understand the Nature vs. Nurture debate and how it relates to development. What is a gene? What does “environment” refer to? Know and be able to identify examples. define genotype and phenotype What are Regulator Genes and what role do they play in development? Be familiar with Range of Reaction (aka Norm of Reaction). Be able to define and identify examples. What is Behavior Genetics? What does Behavior Genetics seek to do and try to explain? What are Family Studies? What is the logic behind them? Know and be able to identify examples of twin studies, separated twin studies and adoption studies. What does Behavior Genetics tell us about the development of IQ? What aspects of development are environmentally determined? What aspects of development are genetically determined? Lecture 4 know what neurons, cell body, axons, dendrites, myelin and synapses are and their functions know what accounts for the growth of the brain (in size) over childhood Know about the two cycles of overproduction in brain development. When does each occur? What is the cause of neuronal death? What is the cause of synaptic pruning? Understand the role experience plays in the development of the brain. What does plasticity refer to? What does sensitive period refer to? How do it relate to brain dev? What is experience-expectant plasticity? What is experience-dependent plasticity? Be able to define and identify examples of each. Lecture 5 know what a reflex is – know the examples discussed in class know the sequence of voluntary action with associated average ages Lecture 6 what is visual acuity? what is contrast? what is spatial frequency? understand how newborns’ vision is similar and distinct from adults. what is habituation? What is dishabituation? what is a preferential looking task? Understand how newborns’ hearing is distinct and similar to adults. Understand and be able to identify newborn auditory preferences what is infant-directed speech? What does it promote? 2 Psych 301 Lecture Study Guide Professor Tessa Jordan what is a phone? What is a phoneme? What is the difference between the two terms? what does universal phonetic sensitivity refer to? When and why does it decline? 3