ET Test Questions.docx

**Laticia Hernandez - Energy Technology** **Test Questions** **Chapter 1** 1. What are the 3 main forms of power? - Electric - Mechanical - Fluid 2. Explain Technology and the Technological Method. - Technology is the body of knowledge related to the human made world. For exampl...

**Laticia Hernandez - Energy Technology** **Test Questions** **Chapter 1** 1. What are the 3 main forms of power? - Electric - Mechanical - Fluid 2. Explain Technology and the Technological Method. - Technology is the body of knowledge related to the human made world. For example, humans create tools, equipment, machines, and methods to solve problems and make life easier. - Technologists use the technological method of problem solving to yield new products through a process of researching, testing, and refining. 3. What are the 3 parts of technological system? - The [inputs] feed into the process portion of technology system. - The [process] changes the inputs to produce the outputs. - The [outputs] are the end result of a system. **Chapter 2** 4. Define kinetic energy and give examples. - Kinetic energy is energy in motion. - For example: - The water that spins a turbine in a hydroelectric plant to produce electricity. - Windmills - A moving car 5. What is a BTu? - British Thermal Unit (Btu) is the most basic unit of energy. 6. What is the efficiency of an automobile engine? - Automobile engines are now above 30% efficiency. 7. What is acid rain? - Acid rain occurs when by-products of combustion, such as carbon oxides, nitrous oxides, and sulfur oxides, condense in the atmosphere, only to come back down to earth with rain. 8. Why is recycling important? - Recycling is the best way to conserve energy. It saves money and energy by using recycled materials versus using new raw materials. **Chapter 3** 9. What is land reclamation? - Land reclamation is the restoration of land to usable condition after strip mining. 10. What is the advantage of synfuels? - Synfuels can be used to supplement oil and natural gas supplies. 11. How does an electrostatic precipitator work? - An electrostatic precipitator works by positively charging the waste particles and attracting them to a negatively charged electrode. 12. Explain oil shale and tar sands. - Oil shale is oil trapped in the rock, is crushed and heated so it can be liquefied. The oily substance in the rock is called kerogen. - Tar sand is mined and mixed with hot water or steam to extract the thick oil known as bitumen. Tar sand is a source of crude oil. **Chapter 4** 13. How much electricity comes from nuclear power in the United States? - 20% 14. What is the significance of half-life of a radioactive element? - After a period of one half-life, the radioactivity of an element is decreased by 50%. 15. What is the advantages of the pressurized water reactor (PWR) over the boiling water reactor (BWR)? - The steam generator in the PWR allows the turbine to be free of radioactive contamination. This can be beneficial from a maintenance standpoint. **Chapter 5** 16. What are the basic renewable energy sources. 17. What are the most frequently used inexhaustible sources of energy? - The most frequently used inexhaustible energy sources are **hydroelectricity, geothermal, and wind**. **Chapter 6** 18. What is the main difference between active and passive solar collection techniques? - Active solar energy collection systems use circulating pumps and fans to distribute heat. - Passive solar energy collection techniques do not use any parts to move heated water or air. 19. Give an advantage of a closed loop system? - A closed loop system can use water-alcohol antifreeze solution to avoid freezing. 20. What are the advantages of a flat-plate collector? - The flat plate collector is typically stationary, mounted on rooftop, facing south in the northern hemisphere. Simplicity and reliability are distinct advantages of a flat plate collector over other types of collectors. **Chapter 7** 21. Give examples of the most common electrical power components? - The most common electrical power components include **switches** for controlling the flow of electricity, **fuses** or circuit breakers for protecting electrical circuitry, **wires** for transmitting electricity, and **loads**, such as lights, heaters, motors, or appliances for utilizing electricity. 22. Name six simple machines used to control and change mechanical power? - **The lever, the pulley, the wheel and axle, the inclined plan, the wedge, and the screw.** 23. Give examples of fluid power components? - Examples of fluid power components include **valves, hoses, air compressors, hydraulic pumps, cylinders, and motors**. **Chapter 8** 24. What is the difference between direct current and alternating current? Give examples. - In direct current (DC), electrons move **only in one direction** and in Alternating current (AC), electrons **flow first in one direction and then flowing in the other direction.** 25. What are the components of an electrical circuit? - An electrical circuit is made of several components: **a power source, a load, and conductors.** 26. What equipment can you use to protect delicate equipment from excessive voltages? - Surge suppressors (protectors) **Chapter 9** 27. Name the 6 simple machines used to control mechanical energy? - **The lever, the pulley, the wheel and axle, the inclined plan, the wedge, and the screw.** 28. What is the difference between scalar and vector quantity? Give examples of each. - A scalar quantity represents a quantity specified by magnitude. For example, 35 mph, 100°F, or 75 lbs. - A vector quantity has both magnitude and direction. For example, 100 mph north. 29. What is mechanical advantage? - Mechanical advantage is **increased force, speed, or distance**. **Chapter 10** 30. What are the advantages of fluid power? - The primary advantage of fluid power is the ability to **multiply force in order to generate strength**. Also, the components used in fluid power systems experience **less wear** than purely mechanical systems. - Other advantages of fluid power systems include: 31. What is the advantage of gas power? - Gases used under pressure have a natural springiness, which produces a cushioning effect. This reduces shock in the system. 32. Give an example of why we need to wear safety glasses when working with fluid power? - Hoses can burst causing hoses to whip violently in the air until the pressure is released or shut down.