Et Reviewer Past Paper (2nd Quarter) PDF

ET REVIEWER (2^nd^ QRTR) **LESSON 8: MULTIMEDIA AND ICTS** **MULTIMEDIA** -- A combination of text, animated graphics, video, and sound delivered electronically. It is what appeals to users for entertainment, learning, and research. **5 Main Elements of Multimedia** A. **Static Elements -** are...

ET REVIEWER (2^nd^ QRTR) **LESSON 8: MULTIMEDIA AND ICTS** **MULTIMEDIA** -- A combination of text, animated graphics, video, and sound delivered electronically. It is what appeals to users for entertainment, learning, and research. **5 Main Elements of Multimedia** A. **Static Elements -** are the elements that *do not move.* 1. **Text** -- contents express specific information. 2. **Images** --make the content more visually appealing. Common image file formats used are JPEG, PNG, GIF, and TIFF. Images can also be interactive like buttons, navigation menus, and backgrounds. B. **Dynamic Elements -**are the elements that are *moving* within a multimedia 3. **Video** -- adds more attraction to users. Video can be embedded within the content or linked and stored outside the content. 4. **Audio** -- aids interactions with the users, it can also be added as background. Audio can be embedded or streamed. 5. **Animation** -- can include interactive effects that allow users to interact with the use of a mouse or keyboard. **[Types of Multimedia]** 1. **Linear Multimedia --** Presents information and active content without any navigation control for the viewer. 2. **Non -- Linear Multimedia (Hypermedia Content) --** It presents information requiring users\' interactivity to control progress. The users control the delivery of elements. 3. **Online Multimedia -** Used in applications available on the internet. 4. **Offline Multimedia --** Application presented and used even without the internet. \*\*\***Hybrid Multimedia --** combines features of online and offline applications. **[Multimedia content that you can find on some websites:]** 1. **Videos** -- through video hosting sites. 2. **Sound, Music, or Audio** -- you can now share your sound bites with the entire world. 3. **Online games** -- game developers now create "browser--based games". 4. **Online test** -- online survey forms and tests that automatically display the results when finished. 5. **Courseware** -- online courses that stimulate the classroom online. 6. **Podcast** -- episodic series of audio or text files streamed online. 7. **Vodcast** -- episodic series of videos streamed online. **[Uses of Multimedia]** 1. ***EDUTAINMENT*** -- (Education + Entertainment) \- The goal of using the multimedia approach is to entertain the user while being unaware that he or she is learning in the process. 2. ***Business Communication*** \- Multimedia multiplies the degree of effectiveness in promoting a product. 3. ***Entertainment*** \- Entertainment industries produce computer games and develop animations or special effects for cartoons and movies. 4. ***Public Access of Information*** \- The ability of multimedia applications that allow public access to information either online or offline. **VIRTUAL REALITY** (**VR)** combines video, stereo, and computer graphics that attempt to create an interactive 3- dimensional environment. **LESSON 9: ICT AS PLATFORM FOR CHANGE** **1. ICT as a Medium for [Advocacy] and [Developmental Communication ]** **ADVOCACY -** is a process of supporting and enabling people to express their views and concerns. **DEVELOPMENTAL COMMUNICATION -** an approach to communication that provides communities with information they can use in bettering their lives. **Change.org -** This is dubbed the ["World's platform for change"] where anyone from an online community can create a petition and ask others to sign it. **2. The Social Power of Social Media** **THE THREE FACES OF SOCIAL MEDIA** 1\. **The Good --** used for communication where distance no longer matters. 2\. **The Bad --** allowed people to hide behind screens and avatars and it has taken over our lives rather than us being in control. 3\. **The Ugly --** it has become a common cause of broken relationships, self-centeredness, and egocentricity. It is also for fraud and child abuse. **[Global Digital Divide -]** commonly described as the "Gap between information haves and have not". **Role of ICT in the Recent History** - **EDSA (PEOPLE POWER REVOLUTION) -** The People Power Revolution lasted from 1083 to 1986. During ***a radio broadcast of Radio Veritas, Cardinal Sin*** encouraged the Filipinos to help end the regime of then President Ferdinand Marcos. A major protest took place along the EDSA from February 22 to 25, 1986 involving two million Filipinos from different sectors. These included civilians, political parties, military, and religious groups. - **EDSA DOS -** This is also known as the 2001 EDSA Revolution, which happened from January 17 to 21, 2001. It was fueled after 11 prosecutors of the President Joseph Estrada walked out of the impeachment trial. As a result, the crowd in EDSA grew over a few days ***through text brigades.*** - **Million People March** - This is a series of protests that mainly took place in Luneta Park from August 22 to 26, 2013. Several demonstrations happened around key cities in the Philippines and some locations overseas. The organizers and promoters of the Million People March used ***Facebook and Change.org*** as their, mediums. - **Yolanda People Finder -** Recent storms in the Philippines's history gave birth to the People Finder database ***powered by Google***. During typhoon Yolanda, the people finder was a vital tool for people across the globe to track the situation of their relatives. This proved to be successful and is now adopted by more organizations to help people track relatives during calamities. **3. Digital Citizenship and the Filipino People** **Digital Citizenship -** Digital citizenship refers to the responsible use of technology by anyone who uses computers, the Internet, and digital devices to engage with society on any level.  **Digital Citizenship Principles** 1. **Engage Positively** - respect the rights of others to participate and have an opinion - ask before tagging other people or posting photos - report offensive or illegal content - stand up and speak out about cyberbullying --- protect your friends - don\'t respond to hurtful or nasty comments --- block and report cyberbullying - speak to your parents or trusted adult about upsetting online experiences - Report threats of violence to the police (collect the evidence to show them). 2. **Know Your Online World** - learn how new skills will help you explore the online world - recognize online risks and how to manage them - look out for suspicious emails and scams - use secure websites for financial and retail services - keep passwords secret, strong and unique - know how to report bullying behavior on social media sites. 3. **Choose Consciously** - choose privacy and security settings carefully and check them regularly - choose friends wisely online ---not everybody online is who they claim to be, regularly review your connections and remove people - If you have made a mistake apologize and take down offensive material as soon as possible - ask for permission before uploading pictures of your friends. **9 Elements of Digital Citizenship** 1. **Digital Access -** The most fundamental block to being a digital citizen, it is available in many remote countries via cyber cafes and small coffee shops. 2. **Digital Commerce --** The ability of the users to recognize that much of the economy is regulated online, it also deals with the understanding dangers and benefits of online buying, using credit cards online, and such. 3. **Digital Communication --** Deals with the understanding of the variety of online communication mediums such as email, instant messaging, and Facebook messenger. 4. **Digital Literacy --** The ability and knowledge needed to learn and teach using technology tools. 5. **Digital Etiquette --** Certain mediums demand more appropriate behavior and language than others. 6. **Digital Law --** Involves illegal downloads, plagiarizing, hacking, creating viruses, sending spam, identity theft, and cyberbullying. 7. **Digital Rights and Responsibilities --** The set of rights that digital citizens have such as privacy, and speech. 8. **Digital Health and Wellness --** They must be aware to not become dependent on the internet causing eye strain, headaches, stress problems, and such. 9. **Digital Security --** Citizens must practice using difficult sets of passwords, virus protections, and backing up data. **[LESSON 10: DEVELOPING AN ICT PROJECT FOR SOCIAL CHANGE]{.smallcaps}** **SOCIAL CAMPAIGN -** is a large-scale attempt to communicate ideas and practices through mass media and interpersonal communication. **SOCIAL CHANGE -** It is the way human interactions and relationships transform cultural and social institutions over time, having a profound impact on society. **ONLINE PLATFORM -** used to describe a range of services available on the Internet including marketplaces, search engines, social media, creative content outlets, app stores, communications services, payment systems, services comprising the so-called "collaborative" or "gig" economy, and much more. **CONCEPT PAPER** is a document used to convince a panel of potential funders to help a product, program, or service become a reality. **CREATING A CONCEPT PAPER** Five elements of a concept paper: 1. **Introduction**- includes your group's mission and vision and a brief introduction of your project. 2. **Purpose**- includes the reasons why this project is worth your group and your sponsor's time, effort, and money. 3. **Description**- includes all the necessary information about the project. It involves the sites you are going to produce the purpose of each and how they work in unison. 4. **Support**- contains the budget needed for the project. Some concept papers do not specify any amount requested from the sponsor. 5. **Contact Information**- includes information on how the group can be contacted. - Your project/campaign must meet the **SMART** criteria: **Simplified ICT Project Process Overview** 1. **Planning-** involves the following tasks (but not limited to): a. Conceptualizing your project b. Researching available data about your topic c. Setting deadlines and meetings d. Assigning people to various tasks e. Finding a web or blog host f. Creating a site map for your website g. Listing down all applications that you need including web apps h. Funding (if applicable) 2. **Development-** involves the actual creation of the website(s); involves the production of images, infographics, etc. 3. **Release and Promotion- involves** the actual release of the website for public view and promoting it. Promotion typically starts before the actual release. 4. **Maintenance-** involves responding to feedback from your site visitors and continuing to improve the website **[LESSON 11: SUSTAINING AN ICT PROJECT FOR SOCIAL CHANGE]{.smallcaps}** **UPDATING WEBSITE CONTENT** 1. **Define and set up goals (Conversion).** Goals measure how well your site or app fulfills your target objectives. A goal represents a completed activity, called a ***conversion*** that contributes to the success of your business. 2. **Content inventory to identify updates**. This includes assessment and review of the information written on the different pages of the website. 3. **Performance analysis**. This is done by checking the generated analytics reports to see what people are doing on your website, what keywords are bringing traffic, what are the frequently visited webpages and which pages are they bouncing from. 4. **Collect user feedback**. User feedback is a piece of information coming directly from the clients, customers, or visitors about the satisfaction or dissatisfaction they felt with a product service. 5. **Create a content plan.** In this plan, you should identify the priority area of updates or identify new content to address unanswered questions and needs. 6. **Update/replace old content and add new content.** This is the phase where updates are executed to replace the old content. This is also the time to proofread and check the facts on the site. **HOW TO MAINTAIN AND SUSTAIN A PROJECT?** Maintaining an ICT operation for social change will enable you to stay focused on why you set up that project in the first place. Monitoring and evaluating the operation make sure that the project is on track in accomplishing its primary goals and objectives. This will ensure that the entire project in question becomes ultimately successful. Monitoring and evaluating allows the group or team in charge of the project to identify the aspects of the project that need more attention during implementation. **TYPES OF MONITORING AND EVALUATION** **1. Self-monitoring and evaluation** involve holding up a mirror to yourself and assessing how your strategy is going as a way of learning and improving practice. In order to do this effectively, you need to be both self-reflective and honest. **2. Participatory monitoring and evaluation** draws on stakeholder experience and participation. The intention is to involve as many people with a direct stake in your strategy as possible, from partners to users or targets of your strategy. **The following approaches to impact assessment of ICT.** **1. Conventional approaches** Conventional approaches to impact assessment focus on whether a project has met its stated objectives and contributed to the achievement of the overall project goals. **2. Participatory approaches** Participatory evaluations in ICT projects should primarily be oriented to the information needs of the program stakeholders. The scope of participants should include all stakeholders, beneficiaries, and non-beneficiaries of the program.. **KI-PROJECTS** is a web-based project monitoring and evaluation software application for building results-based projects and systems to help you track and measure the performance of your projects. **Google Forms** is one of the most common survey makers online. **LESSON 12: ICT, THE SELF AND THE SOCIETY** **Automation - the technique of making an apparatus, a process, or a system operate automatically.** **E-commerce - Electronic commerce is a business model that lets firms and individuals buy and sell things over the Internet.** **ATM - An automated teller machine (ATM) is an electronic banking outlet that allows customers to complete basic transactions without the aid of a branch representative or teller.** **Positive Impacts of ICT on People** ***1. Access to information***: Possibly the greatest effect of ICT on individuals is the huge increase in access to information and services that has accompanied the growth of the Internet. Some of the positive aspects of this increased access are better, and often cheaper, communications, such as phone and Instant Messaging. ***2. Improved access to education***, e.g., distance learning and online tutorials. New ways of learning, e.g., interactive multimedia and virtual reality. New job opportunities, e.g., flexible and mobile working, virtual offices, and jobs in the communications industry. **Negative Impacts of ICT on People** 1. ***Job loss:*** One of the largest negative effects of ICT can be the loss of a person's job. This has both economic consequences, loss of income, and social consequences, loss of status and self-esteem. Job losses may occur for several reasons, including Manual operations being replaced by automation. 2. ***Reduced personal interaction***: Being able to work from home is usually regarded as a positive effect of using ICT, but there can be negative aspects as well. Most people need some form of social interaction in their daily lives and if they do not get the chance to meet and talk with other people, they may feel isolated and unhappy. 3. ***Reduced physical activity***: A third negative effect of ICT is that users may adopt a more sedentary lifestyle. This can lead to health problems such as obesity, heart disease, and diabetes. **Positive Impacts of ICT on the Society** a)      Increasing opportunities for education b)      Improving communication c)       Allowing people to participate in a wider, even worldwide, society.