EST I - Literacy Test I - March 2022 PDF

EST I – Literacy Test I _____________________________________ Student’s Name _____________________________________ National ID _____________________________________ Test Center: Duration: 35 minutes 44 Multiple Choice Questions Instructi...

EST I – Literacy Test I _____________________________________ Student’s Name _____________________________________ National ID _____________________________________ Test Center: Duration: 35 minutes 44 Multiple Choice Questions Instructions: - Place your answer on the answer sheet. Mark only one answer for each of the multiple choice questions. - Avoid guessing. Your answers should reflect your overall understanding of the subject matter. Questions 1-11 are based on the following 1.A. NO CHANGE passage by Alexander Schwalbach and Julius B. excepted Wilcox. C. expected D. axcepted The Modern Bicycle and its Accessories 2.A. NO CHANGE Bicycles without number have been consigned to the B. it’s parts and their maintenance scrap heap or discarded for new mounts, as a result C. its parts and there maintenance of abuse and lack of proper care, due solely to the D. its parts and they’re maintenance ignorance of riders as to a wheel’s construction and 3. The authors want to express worthiness. requirements. Furthermore, disappointments have Which choice best accomplishes this goal? resulted, in many instances, because the same lack of knowledge has prevented the wise selection of a A. NO CHANGE well-constructed and properly adjusted mount at the B. admired outset. C. judged D. famous A bicycle can no more be (1) accepted to run smoothly without a proper adjustment of (2) its parts 4.A. NO CHANGE and their maintenance in perfect running condition B. they than can any other piece of machinery. And while C. him the chain and chainless productions of 1898 are (3) D. his disliked for their simple mechanism, such points as 5.A. NO CHANGE the bearings and running gear require periodical inspection and attention to insure satisfactory B. yet service. This cannot be adequately given by a rider C. but who has no conception as to the details of D. for construction of (4) its machine, and (5) so it 6. Which word BEST describes the phrase frequently happens that a bicycle sinks into an early “Know thy wheel”? grave because its rider persists in calling upon it for continued service, while utterly indifferent to its A. NO CHANGE construction and requirements. B. quote C. description “Know thy wheel” is an excellent (6) thought for D. maxim every rider to follow; for those who heed it the 7. The authors are considering removing the matter of emergency repair will be a simple thing, a quotation marks in the underlined portion. smooth running wheel will be assured, the chance of Should they do so? accident reduced to the minimum, and the life of the machine extended throughout its fullest period. It is A. Yes. The quotation represents the partly with a view to (7) “bringing about a better authors’ inner thoughts. acquaintance” between the average rider and his B. Yes, the quotation marks extend wheel that the following pages are presented. unnecessary emphasis. C. No. The quotation marks serve to break from the flow of the passage to introduce new ideas. D. No. The quotation marks symbolize a word-for-word account to support the authors’ argument. 2 To the bicycle manufacturer and to the repair man 8. What should be done with the dashes? and dealer (8)—who are frequently called upon for A. Keep them. The information within the advice and service concerning any and all makes of dashes is nonrestrictive. wheels—to the student of cycle construction, and to B. Keep them. The dashes offer a change in the mechanical expert, the volume will scarcely fail tone. to be regarded as a valuable reference book for many C. Delete them. The information within the years to come. dashes is necessary. 1. The idea of presenting to (9) riders through the D. Delete them. Dashes can only be placed at the end of a sentence, not the middle. columns of “The Commercial Advertiser” an illustrated description of the lines, parts, 9.A. NO CHANGE improvements of the bicycle for 1898 was conceived B. riders; through the columns of “The chiefly because of the absence during the winter of Commercial Advertiser;” an 1897-98 of a National Cycle Show. (11) 2. Just prior C. riders; through the columns of “The to the opening of preceding seasons tens of Commercial Advertiser,” an thousands of riders throughout the country were able D. riders, through the columns of “The to see at the annual shows, and at those held under Commercial Advertiser,” an the auspices of the various local cycle trade 10. The authors would like to insert this organizations, all that the maker had to offer in sentence to provide further support to their changes and improvements for the new year. 3. This argument in this paragraph. opportunity was also furthered by the columns of “Riders were to have none of these descriptive matter published by the daily press and advantages for the season of 1898, however, cycle trade journals in their reports of these shows and “The Commercial Advertiser” and their exhibits. accordingly began the work of collecting and presenting the information which appeared in its columns in serial form during February, March and April of 1898, and which is now presented in this volume.” The best placement for this sentence is A. before sentence 1 B. after sentence 1 C. after sentence 2 D. after sentence 3 11. The authors are considering deleting the underlined phrase. Should the sentence be kept or deleted? A. Kept, the sentence provides details about the previous sentence. B. Kept, the sentence provides an important contradiction to the previous sentence. C. Deleted, the sentence is unrelated to the rest of the paragraph. D. Deleted, the sentence provides details that should not be presented in the beginning of the paragraph. 3 Questions 12-22 are based on the following 12.A. NO CHANGE passage by Jean-Henri Fabre. B. tail-end. Who C. tail-end who The Glow Worm and Other Beetles D. tail-end, and who Few insects in our climes compete in popular fame with the Glow-worm, that curious little animal 13. Which sentence is best suitable for the which, to celebrate the little joys of life, kindles a introductory sentence? beacon at its (12) tail-end, who does not know it, at A. In fact, we might easily cavil at the least by name? Who has not seen it roam amid the word "worm." grass, like a spark fallen from the moon at its full? B. The Greeks have coined the word The Greeks of old called it [Greek: lampouris], Lampyris noctiluca. meaning, the bright-tailed. Science employs the same term: it calls the lantern-bearer, Lampyris C. The Lampyris can easily be mistaken noctiluca, LIN. In this case, the common name is for a worm. inferior to the scientific phrase, which, when D. Although the Lampyris has gained its translated, becomes both expressive and accurate. fame among other beetles, its beetle (13) The Lampyris is not a worm at all, not even in nature is still questioned. general appearance. He has six short legs, which he 14. Which choice best matches the quality the well knows how to use; he is a (14) gad-about, a trot- author mentions? about. In the adult state, the male is correctly garbed in wing-cases, like the true Beetle that he is. The A. attention-seeker female is an ill-favoured, (15) ground-bound thing B. wanderer who knows naught of the delights of flying: all her C. lazy creature life long, she retains the larval shape, which, for the D. docile insect rest, is similar to that of the male, who himself is imperfect so long as he has not achieved the maturity 15.A. NO CHANGE that comes with pairing-time. Even in this initial B. ground-bound thing who knows naught stage, the word "worm" is out of place. We French of the delights of flying, have the expression "Naked as a worm," to point to C. ground-bound thing who knows naught the lack of any defensive covering. Now the of the delights of flying Lampyris is clothed, that is to say, he wears an D. ground-bound thing who knows naught epidermis of some consistency; moreover, he is of the delights of flying; rather richly coloured: his (16) body is dark brown all over and set off with pale pink on the thorax, 16.A. NO CHANGE especially on the lower surface. Finally, each B. body is dark brown all over and setting segment is decked at the hinder edge with two spots off of a fairly bright red. A costume like this (17) having C. body is dark brown all over and was set never been worn by a worm. off 1. Before he begins to feast, the Glow-worm D. body is dark brown all over and had administers an anæsthetic: he chloroforms his been set off victim, rivalling in the process the wonders of our modern surgery, which renders the patient insensible 17.A. NO CHANGE before operating on him. B. is never worn C. never had been worn D. was never worn 4 (18) 2. It is essential the Glow-worm administers this 18. The author is considering deleting the in order to ensure its prey is unable to move. (19) 3. underlined sentence. Should the sentence be It is in some such resting-place as this that I have kept or deleted? often been privileged to light upon the Lampyris banqueting on the prey which he had just paralyzed A. Kept, the sentence elaborates the concept of rendering the Glow-worm’s on its shaky support by his surgical (20) movements. victim insensible. 4. The usual game is a small snail hardly the size of a cherry, such as, for instance, Helix variabilis, B. Kept, the sentence states the importance DRAP., who, in the hot weather, collects in clusters of rendering the Glow-worm’s victim on the stiff stubble and on other long, dry stalks, by insensible. the roadside, and there remains motionless, in C. Deleted, it is redundant. profound meditation, throughout the scorching D. Deleted, it is unrelated. summer days. 19. To make this paragraph most logical, sentence 3 should be placed A. where it is B. before sentence 1 C. after sentence 1 D. after sentence 4 20. The author wants to express the Glow- worm’s trickery. Which choice best accomplishes this goal? A. NO CHANGE B. games C. artifices D. routines 5 But he is familiar with other preserves. (21) He 21.A. NO CHANGE frequents the edges of the irrigating-ditches, with B. He frequents the edges of the irrigating- their cool soil, their varied vegetation, a favourite ditches with their cool soil; their varied haunt of the mollusc. (22) vegetation; a favourite haunt of the mollusc. C. He frequents the edges of the irrigating- ditches with their cool soil— their varied vegetation, a favourite haunt of the mollusc. D. He frequents the edges of the irrigating- ditches. With their cool soil, their varied vegetation, a favourite haunt of the mollusc. 22. Which choice best concludes the paragraph and matches the author’s writing style? A. Here, he treats the game on the ground. B. Under these conditions, it is easy for me to rear him at home and to follow the operator's performance down to the smallest detail. C. Although he is referred to as a worm, he is everything but that. D. His capture suggests his relatives are great hunters as well. 6 Questions 23-33 are based on the following 23.A. NO CHANGE passage. B. crank-shaft—Inasmuch C. crank-shaft inasmuch Aviation Engines: Design—Construction— D. crank-shaft, inasmuch Operation and Repair by Victor W. Page 24. The writer would like to insert this sentence to provide visual support and Installing Rotary and Radial Cylinder Engines explanation of Fig. 1. 1. When rotary engines are installed, simple steel ‘The diagram given at Fig. 1 shows how stamping or “spiders” are attached to the fuselage a Gnome “monosoupape” engine is –to hold the fixed (23) crank-shaft. 2. Inasmuch installed on the anchorage plates and it as the motor projects clear of the fuselage proper, also outlines clearly the piping necessary there is plenty of room back of the front spider to convey the oil and fuel and also the air- plate to install the auxiliary parts such as the oil piping needed to put pressure on both pump, air pump and ignition magneto and also the fuel and oil tanks to insure positive fuel and oil containers. 3. (25) The diagrams supply of these liquids which may be given at Figs. 2 and 3 show other mountings of carried in tanks placed lower than the Gnome engines and are self-explanatory. The motor in some installations.’ simple mounting possible when the Anzani ten- The best placement for this sentence cylinder radial fixed type engine is used given at is (26) Fig.1. The front end of the fuselage is provided with a substantial pressed steel plate A. before sentence 1 having members projecting from it which may be B. before sentence 2 bolted to the longerons. The bolts that hold the C. before sentence 3 two halves of the crank-case together project D. after sentence 3 through the steel plate and hold the engine (27) 25.A. NO CHANGE loosely to the front end of the fuselage. B. The diagram given at Figs. 2 and 3 show other mountings of Gnome engines and are self-explanatory. C. The diagrams given at Figs. 2 and 3 shows other mountings of Gnome engines and is self-explanatory. D. The diagram given at Figs. 2 and 3 show other mountings of Gnome engines and is self-explanatory. 26. Which choice refers to the explanation provided in the sentence? A. NO CHANGE B. Fig. 2 C. Fig. 3 D. Fig. 4 27.A. NO CHANGE B. securely C. haphazardly D. lightly 7 Some Causes of Noisy Operation 28.A. NO CHANGE B. because of their There are a number of power-plant derangements C. in the same way which give a positive indication (28) on the other D. and therefore hand noisy operation. 29. Which of the following best adds onto the writer’s list of cases and causes of (29) Any knocking or rattling sounds are usually noisy operation? (30) under the influence of wear in connecting rods or main bearings of the engine, though A. Squeaking sounds invariably sometimes a sharp metallic knock, which (31) are indicate dry bearings, and whenever very much the same as that produced by a loose such a sound is heard it should be bearing, is due to carbon deposits in the cylinder immediately located and oil applied heads, or premature ignition due to advanced to the parts. spark-time lever. B. The rubber hose often used in making the flexible connections demanded between the radiator and water manifolds of the engine may deteriorate inside and particles of rubber may hang down and reduce the area of the passage. C. The grease from the grease cups mounted on the pump-shaft bearing to lubricate that member often finds its way into the water system and rots the inner walls of the rubber hose, resulting in strips of the partly decomposed rubber lining hanging down and restricting the passage. D. The cooling system is prone to overheat after antifreezing solutions of which calcium chloride forms a part have been used. 30.A. NO CHANGE B. produced by C. changed because of D. unrelated to 31.A. NO CHANGE B. has been C. is D. have been 8 Whistling or (32) blowing sounds are produced 32.A. NO CHANGE by leaks whose are either in the engine (33) B. blowing sounds are produced by themselves or in the gas manifolds. A sharp leaks, which are either in the engine whistle denotes the escape of gas under pressure C. blowing sounds, which are produced and is usually caused by a defective packing or by leaks either in the engine gasket that seals a portion of the combustion D. blowing sounds which are produced chamber or that is used for a joint as the exhaust by leaks either in the engine manifold. A blowing sound indicates a leaky packing in crank-case. Grinding noises in the 33.A. NO CHANGE motor are usually caused by the timing gears and B. itself will obtain if these gears are dry or if they have C. himself become worn. Whenever a loud knocking sound D. herself is heard careful inspection should be made to locate the cause of the trouble. Much harm may be done in a few minutes if the engine is run with loose connecting rod or bearings that would be prevented by taking up the wear or looseness between the parts by some means of adjustment. 9 Fig. 1.—Diagram Defining Installation of Gnome “Monosoupape” Motor in Tractor Biplane. Note Necessary Piping for Fuel, Oil, and Air Lines. Fig. 2.—Showing Two Methods of Placing Propeller on Gnome Rotary Motor. 10  Fig. 3.—How Gnome Rotary Motor May Be Attached to Airplane Fuselage Members Fig. 4.—How Anzani Ten-Cylinder Radial Engine is Installed to Plate Securely Attached to Front End of Tractor Airplane Fuselage. 11 Questions 34 through 44 are based on the 34.A. NO CHANGE following passage by Clare Howard. B. Among the many didactic books which flooded England in the English Travelers of the Renaissance sixteenth and seventeenth centuries were certain essays on travel. (34) Among the many didactic books were C. In the sixteenth and seventeenth certain essays which flooded England in the centuries certain essays that flooded England on travel were among the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries on travel. many didactic books. Some of these have never been brought to D. Among the many didactic books light since their publication more than three were certain essays on travel that hundred years ago, or been mentioned by the flooded England in the sixteenth and few writers who have interested themselves seventeenth centuries in the literature of this subject. In the collections of voyages and explorations, so 35.A. NO CHANGE often (35) emphasized, these have found no B. fantasized place. Most of them are very (36) rare, and C. stolen have never been reprinted. Yet they do not D. garnered deserve to be thus overlooked, and in several 36. Which choice best matches the ways this survey of them will, I think, be quality the author mentions? useful for students of literature. A. NO CHANGE B. scarce They reveal a widespread custom among Elizabethan and Jacobean gentlemen, of C. consistent completing their education by travel. There D. common are scattered allusions to this practice, in 37.A. NO CHANGE contemporary social documents: Anthony à B. everywhere Wood frequently explains how such an C. somewhere Oxonian "travelled beyond seas and returned D. something a compleat Person,"—but (37) nowhere is this ideal of a cosmopolitan education so 38.A. NO CHANGE explicitly set forth as it is in these essays. B. an apprentice monk taking his first step into a monastery Addressed to the intending tourist, they are in C. a swan finding its mate no sense to be confused with guide-books or D. a wolf leaving its pack itineraries. They are discussions of the benefits of travel, admonitions and warnings, arranged to put the traveler in the proper attitude of mind towards his great task of self- development like (38) a soldier losing a war. Taken in chronological order they outline for us the life of the travelling student. 12 Beginning with the end of the sixteenth 39.A. NO CHANGE century when travel became the fashion, as B. fortunes, futures, and educations the only means of acquiring modern C. fortunes; futures, and educations languages and modern history, as well as D. fortunes; futures; and educations those physical accomplishments and social 40. Which of the following best graces by which a young man won his way at introduces the paragraph and Court, they trace his evolution up to the time transitions to the next sentence? when it had no longer any serious motive; that is, when the chairs of modern history and A. NO CHANGE modern languages were founded at the B. It is open to doubt whether the English universities, and when, with the fall number of the truly pious would of the Stuarts, the Court ceased to be the ever have filled so many ships. arbiter of men's (39) fortunes futures and C. In the same boat-load with educations. In the course of this evolution merchants, spies, exiles, and they show us many phases of continental diplomats from England sailed influence in England; how Italian immorality the young gentleman fresh from infected young imaginations, how France his university, to complete his became the model of deportment, what were education by a look at the most the origins of the Grand Tour, and so forth. civilized countries of the world. D. These discussions of the art of (40) 1. That these directions for travel were travel are relics of an age when not isolated oddities of literature, but were Englishmen, next to the Germans, the expression of a widespread ideal of the were known for being the greatest travellers among all nations. English gentry, I have tried to show in the following study. 41. The writer would like to insert this sentence to provide the reason for including illustrations. “The essays can hardly be appreciated without support from biography and history, and for that reason I have introduced some concrete illustrations of the sort of traveller to whom the books were addressed.” The best placement for this sentence is A. before sentence 1 B. after sentence 1 C. after sentence 2 D. after sentence 3 13 2. If I have not always quoted the 42.A. NO CHANGE "Instructions" fully, (42) its because they B. it is repeat one another on some points. 3. My C. this plan (43), has been, to comment on D. its’ whatever in each book was new, or 43.A. NO CHANGE showed the evolution of travel (44), for B. ; has been study's sake. C. has been D. :has been 44.A. NO CHANGE B. – for study’s sake C. ; for study’s sake D. for study’s sake 14