Equilibrium in Physics PDF

Equilibrium Motion Equilibrium motion is a fundamental concept in physics. It describes a state where all forces acting on an object are balanced. This balance results in no acceleration or net movement. by Jeriel Canlas What is Equilibrium? Balance of Forces Static or Dynamic Eq...

Equilibrium Motion Equilibrium motion is a fundamental concept in physics. It describes a state where all forces acting on an object are balanced. This balance results in no acceleration or net movement. by Jeriel Canlas What is Equilibrium? Balance of Forces Static or Dynamic Equilibrium occurs when Objects can be in all forces acting on an equilibrium while at rest object are balanced. The (static) or moving at net force equals zero. constant velocity (dynamic). No Acceleration In equilibrium, there's no acceleration. The object maintains its current state of motion or rest. Static Equilibrium No Net Force Sum of all forces acting on the object equals zero. No Net Torque Sum of all torques acting on the object equals zero. Stability Object maintains its position and orientation over time. Examples of Static Equilibrium Balanced Rock Natural rock formations maintaining precarious positions due to balanced forces. Hanging Chandelier Suspended object with weight balanced by tension in the support chain. Book on Table Object at rest with gravitational force countered by the table's normal force. Dynamic Equilibrium 1 Constant Velocity Object moves at unchanging speed in a straight line. 2 Balanced Forces Net force is zero, but object continues to move. 3 Inertial Motion No acceleration occurs due to the balance of forces. What is Equilibrium Motion? 1 Balance of Forces 2 State of Rest or 3 Fundamental Physics Constant Motion Principle Equilibrium occurs when all forces acting on an object Objects in equilibrium Understanding equilibrium sum to zero. either remain stationary or is key to analyzing move at constant velocity. complex mechanical systems and structures. Factors Affecting Equilibrium Motion Factor Effect on Static Effect on Equilibrium Dynamic Equilibrium Gravity Influences Affects orbital weight motion distribution Friction Prevents sliding Opposes constant motion Air Resistance Minimal impact Affects terminal velocity Conservation of Energy in Equilibrium 1 Static Equilibrium Potential energy remains constant. No conversion to kinetic energy occurs. 2 Dynamic Equilibrium Total energy (kinetic + potential) remains constant during motion. 3 Energy Transitions In some systems, continuous conversion between potential and kinetic energy happens. Types of Equilibrium Stable Unstable Neutral Object returns to equilibrium Object moves away from Object remains in new position when disturbed. Example: a equilibrium when disturbed. after disturbance. Example: a pendulum at rest. Example: a pencil balanced on ball on a flat surface. its tip. Stable Equilibrium Initial State Object rests at its lowest potential energy point. Disturbance External force moves the object from its equilibrium position. Restoration Object naturally returns to its original position when the disturbance is removed. Unstable Equilibrium 1 Precarious Balance Object is balanced at a point of maximum potential energy. 2 Slight Disturbance Even a tiny force can disrupt the delicate balance. 3 Rapid Departure Object quickly moves away from its original position, seeking lower potential energy. Neutral Equilibrium 1 Constant 2 No Preference Potential Energy Object has no Object's potential tendency to return to energy remains the or move away from its same regardless of its original position. position. 3 Indifferent Stability Any new position becomes a new point of equilibrium for the object. Factors Affecting Equilibrium Mass and Weight Shape and Structure The gravitational force acting An object's geometry affects on an object influences its its center of gravity and equilibrium state. stability. Friction External Forces Surface interactions can help Wind, vibrations, or other maintain or disrupt external factors can impact equilibrium. equilibrium. Newton's Laws and Equilibrium First Law Objects at rest or in uniform motion remain so unless acted upon by a force. Second Law Force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma). In equilibrium, net force is zero. Third Law For every action, there's an equal and opposite reaction, maintaining balance. Practical Applications of Equilibrium Attaining the stability of a ship through following the proper standards in terms of loading cargo wherein we Biology need to always monitor if it fits the criteria of an adequa Living organisms maintain te weight of the cargoes to avoid overloading an various forms of equilibrium for d any possible dangers. Keeping excess water of survival and function. f and being responsible towards our duties can b e one the factors that would help maintain the stability of a ship Applying the Concept of Equilibrium Engineering Physics Crucial for designing Fundamental to stable structures like understanding bridges and buildings. mechanics and force interactions. Chemistry Biology Applied in chemical Important in studying reactions and homeostasis and thermodynamic ecological balance. processes. Equilibrium in the Real World Human Balance Natural Balance Biological Equilibrium Tightrope walking demonstrates Balanced rock formations A hovering hummingbird dynamic equilibrium and showcase the delicate nature of maintains equilibrium through constant adjustments. equilibrium in geology. precise muscular control and energy management. Examples of Dynamic Equilibrium Satellite Orbit Ice Skating Level Flight Satellite's centripetal Skater glides at constant velocity Aircraft maintains altitude and acceleration balances when push force equals friction. speed when lift, thrust, drag, and gravitational pull, maintaining weight balance. constant orbital velocity.