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environment notes ecology notes environmental science general knowledge

Summary

These notes cover topics related to the environment, ecology and ecosystems. They provide a general overview of environmental concepts and issues. This is useful for secondary school students.

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%& ftl ifjokj esa nknk&nknh] ukuk&ukuh] iatkc eDdh dh jksVh] ljlks dk lkxA eEeh&ikik] pkpk&pkph] cqvk vkfn feydj jgrs gS mls nf{k.k Hkkjr esa nky&pkoy] lk¡xj] MkslkA la;äq ifjokj dgrs gSaA...

%& ftl ifjokj esa nknk&nknh] ukuk&ukuh] iatkc eDdh dh jksVh] ljlks dk lkxA eEeh&ikik] pkpk&pkph] cqvk vkfn feydj jgrs gS mls nf{k.k Hkkjr esa nky&pkoy] lk¡xj] MkslkA la;äq ifjokj dgrs gSaA %& ftl ifjokj esa ifr&iRuh ,oa muds & ikyh] ckMesj] tkykSj] chdkusj] ukxkSj] cPps gS mls ,dy ifjokj dgrs gSA pw: Jh—".k ,oa lqnkek ds xq: FksA & vtesj] dksVk] ckjk] >kykokM] Vksad] ikyh] %& Hkkæin ekg] —".k i{k fpÙkkSM] Hkjriqj] vyoj v"Veh frFkh & mn;iqj] jktlean] fpÙkkSM] HkhyokMk xk; jaHkkrh gSA xksiky dh xk; FkhA egkjk.kk çrki ds ?kksMs dk uke FkkA & fnYyh ls mn?;iqj %& ukxktqZu jlk;u'kkL=h FksA budk tUe gYnh?kkVh xk¡o ¼jktlaen½ NÙkhlxqU>quwa vklu dj ;ksx fnol euk;kA rSjkdh es & Hkfä 'kekZ ck¡lokMk esa ekgh unh ij & ekgh ck¡/k rhjankth & fyEckjke dksVk esa pEcy unh ij & dksVk cSjkt ck¡/k eqDdsckth & esjh d‚e pEcy unh ij pkj ck¡/k gS& xk¡/kh lkxj ck¡/k ¼e/;çns'k½] jktLFkku es tokgj lkxj cka/k] jk.kk çrki lkxj ck¡/k vkSj fØdsV & lfpu rsanqydj dksVk cSjkt gSA cN ckjl ¼xksoRl }kn'kh½ R;kSgkj Hkkæin —".k }kn'kh ekr` chtks dk gok] ikuh] if{k;ks] tkuojksa ds ek/;e ls eknk ,uksfQyht ePNjksa ds dkVus ls QSyuk çdh.kZu dgykrk gSA gksrk gSA IykLeksfM;e uked ijthfo;ksa ds dkj.k gksrk gS\ Msaxw jksx eknk ePNj ,Mht ,ftIVh ds dkVus ls QSyrk gSA pk; & phu ¼,f'k;k½ d‚Qh & vÝhdk ihfy;k] vfrlkj] —fejksx] iksfy;ks vkfn jksx nwf"kr ty ,oa Hkkstu ds gksrk gSA fHk.Mh & vÝhdk eq¡g esa cuus okyh ykj Hkkstu esa ekStwn LVkpZ dks Xywdkst xksch & ;wjksi esa cny nsrh gSA eq¡g] xzfldk] vkek'k;] v‚rA & tkuojks ds Lruks ij Hkw[k yxukA fo'o ds lcls çnwf"kr 'kgjksa dh lwph esa fnYyh dk LFkku [kwu dh deh ls gksrk gSA [kwu dh deh pkSFkk o Hkkjr esa igyk gSA okys jksxh dks dh xksyh nh tkrh gSA egkjk"Vª] xqtjkr] vle] v#.kkpy çns'k] rfeyukMq jkT;ksa %& o jktLFkku jkT; ds ckMesj es dPpk rsy fudyrk gSA I.F.A. = vk;ju QkWfyd ,flM fpÙkkSMx

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