Engleski I PDF

Engleski I\ What is a Scanner? - What is a Byte? - What is a Flowchart? - What is a DBMS? - What is a hertz? - What is Cyber security? - What is HDD defragmentation? - What is the difference between CD and DVD? - What is memory sharing? - What is transfer rate? - What i...

Engleski I\ What is a Scanner? - What is a Byte? - What is a Flowchart? - What is a DBMS? - What is a hertz? - What is Cyber security? - What is HDD defragmentation? - What is the difference between CD and DVD? - What is memory sharing? - What is transfer rate? - What is transfer rate in a hard drive? - What is an algorithm? - What is computer security? - What is the difference between low and high level programming? - What is the difference between a source program and an object program? - What is a database? - What is the function of the CPU? - What is the difference between RAM and ROM? - What types of monitors are there? - What types of CDs are there? - What are Computer networks? - What are the components of the CPU ? - What are Peripherals? - How is the speed of a HDD measured? - How does a hard drive function? - How can we use computers in factories? - Give an example of application software and its use/features - Give an example of social software and its features. - Explain social software and applications. - Explain what RAM is. - Explain the boot process. - Explain the process of opening a file. - 1GB = ? MB. - 1GB= ? Bytes. **1. What is a Byte?**\ A byte is a unit of digital information that typically consists of 8 bits and is used to represent a single character of data in a computer. **2. What is a Flowchart?**\ A flowchart is a graphical representation of a process or algorithm, using symbols to depict steps, decisions, and the flow of control. **3. What is a DBMS?**\ A DBMS (Database Management System) is software that allows users to create, manage, and manipulate databases efficiently. **4. What is a hertz?**\ Hertz (Hz) is the unit of frequency, measuring the number of cycles or operations per second. **5. What is Cyber Security?**\ Cyber security is the practice of protecting systems, networks, and data from digital attacks, theft, and damage. **6. What is HDD defragmentation?**\ HDD defragmentation is the process of reorganizing fragmented data on a hard drive to improve its efficiency and speed. **7. What is the difference between CD and DVD?**\ A CD (Compact Disc) typically holds 700 MB of data, while a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) can store up to 4.7 GB or more, making DVDs capable of holding much more data. **8. What is memory sharing?**\ Memory sharing is the allocation of a system\'s memory resources among multiple programs or processes. **9. What is transfer rate?**\ Transfer rate refers to the speed at which data is moved from one place to another, measured in units like Mbps (Megabits per second). **10. What is transfer rate in a hard drive?**\ In a hard drive, transfer rate is the speed at which data can be read from or written to the disk, typically measured in MBps (Megabytes per second). **11. What is an algorithm?**\ An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure or set of rules for solving a problem or performing a task. **12. What is computer security?**\ Computer security involves protecting computer systems and data from unauthorized access, theft, damage, or disruption. **13. What is the difference between low and high-level programming?** - **Low-level programming**: Deals directly with hardware, using languages like assembly. - **High-level programming**: Abstracts hardware details, using user-friendly languages like Python or Java. **14. What is the difference between a source program and an object program?** - **Source program**: Written in a programming language that humans can read. - **Object program**: The machine-readable version of the source program, usually compiled into binary. **15. What is a database?**\ A database is an organized collection of data that can be accessed, managed, and updated efficiently. **16. What is the function of the CPU?**\ The CPU (Central Processing Unit) executes instructions, performs calculations, and manages data flow in a computer. **17. What is the difference between RAM and ROM?** - **RAM (Random Access Memory)**: Temporary memory used for active processes. - **ROM (Read-Only Memory)**: Permanent memory used to store essential data, like boot instructions. **18. What types of monitors are there?** - CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) - LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) - LED (Light Emitting Diode) - OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) **19. What types of CDs are there?** - CD-ROM (Read-Only Memory) - CD-R (Recordable) - CD-RW (Rewritable) **20. What are Computer networks?**\ Computer networks are systems of interconnected devices that share resources and communicate, such as LAN, WAN, and the internet. **21. What are the components of the CPU?** - ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) - CU (Control Unit) - Registers **22. What are Peripherals?**\ Peripherals are external devices connected to a computer, such as a mouse, keyboard, printer, and scanner. **23. How is the speed of a HDD measured?**\ HDD speed is measured in RPM (Revolutions Per Minute) and data transfer rates in MBps. **24. How does a hard drive function?**\ A hard drive stores data magnetically on rotating platters, using a read/write head to access and modify data. **25. How can we use computers in factories?**\ Computers in factories are used for automation, quality control, inventory management, and operating machinery. **26. Give an example of application software and its use/features.**\ **Example**: Microsoft Word - Used for creating documents with features like spell check, formatting, and templates. **27. Give an example of social software and its features.**\ **Example**: Facebook - Features include messaging, photo sharing, and community interaction. **28. Explain social software and applications.**\ Social software enables online interaction and collaboration, including platforms like social media, forums, and messaging apps. **29. Explain what RAM is.**\ RAM (Random Access Memory) is a volatile memory used to store data for currently running applications and processes. **30. Explain the boot process.**\ The boot process involves the BIOS/UEFI loading the operating system into RAM, initializing hardware, and starting system services. **31. Explain the process of opening a file.**\ When opening a file, the operating system locates it on the storage device, loads its data into RAM, and passes it to the associated application. **32. 1GB = ? MB.**\ 1GB = 1024 MB. **33. 1GB= ? Bytes.**\ 1GB = 1,073,741,824 Bytes (1024³).