Eng 101 Final - Google Docs PDF
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Calvin University
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This document appears to be a set of notes or study materials, focusing on engineering ethics, design norms, and professional principles. It doesn't seem to be a final exam paper, but covers topics relevant to introductory engineering courses.
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Ethics:The set of moral principles that guide behavior Engineers, in the fulfillment of their professional duties, shall: 1. old paramount the safety, health, and welfare of the public. H 2. Perform services only in areas of their competence....
Ethics:The set of moral principles that guide behavior Engineers, in the fulfillment of their professional duties, shall: 1. old paramount the safety, health, and welfare of the public. H 2. Perform services only in areas of their competence. 3. Issue public statements only in an objective and truthful manner. 4. Act for each employer or client as faithful agents or trustees. 5. Avoid deceptive acts. 6. Conduct themselves honorably, responsibly, ethically, and lawfully so as to enhance the honor, reputation, and usefulness of the profession. Professional: 1. Engineers shall be guided in all their relations by the highest standards of honesty and integrity. 2. Engineers shall at all times strive to serve the public interest. 3. Engineers shall avoid all conduct or practice that deceives the public. 4. Engineers shall not disclose, without consent, confidential information concerning the business affairs or technical processes of any present or former client or employer, or public body on which they serve. - Violating the professional standards of behavior can have financial and legal consequences. alvin AHIP: Engineering Department ofAcademic Honesty and Integrity Policy C National Society of Professional Engineers Code of Ethics 7 Steps to ethical decision making: 1. State Problem 2. Check facts 3. Identify Relevant factors: 4. Develop of Options: 5. Test OptionsHarm, Publicity, Defensibility, Reversibility, Colleague, Organization 6. Make a Choice 7. Review (lessons learned: Individually, socially, organizationally) - E ngineers shall avoid deceptive acts - Engineers shall be guided in all their relations by the highest standards of honesty and integrity Calvin’s Degree: wo unique aspects: global and christian T ABET accredited BSE (Bachelors of Science in Engineering) not BSME or Think deeply, act justly, and live wholeheartedly as Christ’s agents of renewal in the world. - T wo strike policy means those in the engineer program will have their admission revoked if they are found guilty of a second offense. Calvin engineering degree objectives: - Develop the basic principles and skills necessary for engineering(including mathematics, the sciences, business, and the humanities) for appropriate assessment and analysis of current and complex problems. - Generate effective solutionsto problems and move them toward successful implementation. - Communicate ideas successfullyin multidisciplinary environments, exhibiting awareness of cultural context and team dynamics. - Commit to social responsibility, sustainability, and the continued learning necessary to address the pressing problems of our contemporary world. 16 seminars in 4 years; 8 in the first half, 8 in the second. BET Outcomes: A 1. ability to identify, formulate, and solve complex engineering problems by applying principles of engineering, science, and mathematics 2. ability to apply engineering design to produce solutions that meet specified needs with consideration of public health, safety, and welfare, as well as global, cultural, social, environmental, and economic factors 3. ability to communicate effectively with a range of audiences 4. ability to recognize ethical and professional responsibilities in engineering situations and make informed judgments, which must consider the impact of engineering solutions in global, economic, environmental, and societal contexts 5. ability to function effectively on a team whose members together provide leadership, create a collaborative and inclusive environment, establish goals, plan tasks, and meet objectives 6. ability to develop and conduct appropriate experimentation, analyze and interpret data, and use engineering judgment to draw conclusions 7. ability to acquire and apply new knowledge as needed, using appropriate learning strategies 8. ability to articulate the meaning of a Christian perspective for responsible engineering and technology development Accessibility: - ADA: Americans with Disabilities Act - prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability - guarantees that people with disabilities have the same opportunities as everyone else - Accessibility: A person with a disability can acquire the same information, engage in the same interaction, enjoy the same services, in an equally effective, equally integrated manner, with substantially equivalent ease of use as a person w/o disability. - Universal Designis the design of all products and environments to be usable by people of all ages and abilities, to the greatest extent possible. asic Mechanisms: device that transforms input forces into a desired set of output B forces/movements. - Cam: converts rotational motion into linear motion - Gears: transmits torque to create mechanical advantage - Lever: A lever is an arm that pivots against a fulcrum (or point) - Geneva Stop: converts continuous rotation into discrete motion. - Crank: converts rotational motion into linear; hook-shaped. ifferent classes of level D Class 1: Fulcrum in the middle; load and force on each side (see saw) Class 2: Fulcrum first; next load, then force (can opener) Class 3: Fulcrum first; next force, load (hockey stick, shovel) alculate force and distance from the fulcrum for a lever C At equilibrium: M1 x a = M2 x b If M1 is the load and M2 is the effort (force to move the load). echanical advantage of a lever: Load/Effort = M1 x g/(M2 x g) = b/a M Mechanical advantage of a gear: output gear/input gear - Must have same pitch - Must rotate oppositely - Pitch is the distance between corresponding points on adjacent teeth. Design Norms: orms: A norm is an authoritative standard used to guide, control, or regulate acceptable N behavior Counter Liturgies: ways to form our loves and our desires deliberately 7 Design norms: - Justice:All technology should promote justice and oppose injustice (worker rights, easy to use and make). - Caring:designs should promote loving caring relationships - Culture-Appropriateness:technological solutions have to fit where it will be used, not harm the community. - Harmony: Designs should bring joy and satisfaction; attractive and easy to use. - Trust: Solutions should not attempt to deceive in any way; should be safe. - Openness and comms:communicate technological problems and solutions to all those involved with or affected for safe usage. - Stewardship: Solutions should not exploit the environment or human labor; avoid waste. - Value-ladenness:Technology has a Bias and Embedded Values - Technology is value-free (or morally neutral), and we use it to shape ourselves as we see fitORTechnology is value-laden and it shapes us in ways that usually elude our attention. EDP: - T he objective is to bring the design closer to the specifications with each repetition (iteration) - Analysisstage: results in preliminary design - Problem Definition: includes user, client, and designer. - Understand problem and context Research & data collection Set Specifications: objectives, Functions and Constraints - Conceptual Design: - Brainstorm and generate possible designs - Evaluate Possible Design: - Evaluate if design meets specs. Identify the pro’s and con’s of design. Select the best designs. - Implementationstage: - Prototype: Model or build design - T est and Evaluate: Test and evaluation for Function, Form, Safety and Regulatory - Redesign: Fix problems, optimize, scale model - Release/Communicate: Design and support documentation, training, tooling, manufacturing, certifications, deferred defects, warranty projections. - End of Life: Monitor and optimize design performance, returns, repairs, recycling and scrapping. Brainstorming: - Cards/Sticky notes - Osbourne - SCAMPER All ideas are good! - 80% of the impact comes from 20% of the inputs Reasons to have design review: - To ensure goals are met and team is on track to complete (Check Milestones) - Asses team dynamics - Identify any technical or logistical flaws. Two good times to have design review:After analysis stage and after first prototype Reasons to Prototype: - Communicate an idea - Identify design flaws - Demonstrate idea - Compare solutions - Test interactions Three criteria to test prototype against: 1. Objectives 2. Constraints 3. Functions 7 things to keep in mind while designing: - Manufacturing - Transportation - Aesthetics - Safety - R eliability - EMC/ESD/EMI - Environment Engineering as Profession: - Major sub-disciplines of engineering and identify the differences between them (including listing the associated engineering societies): - Electrical & Computer Engineering Mechanical Engineering Mechatronics Chemical Engineering Civil & Environmental Engineering Energy, Environment, and Sustainability and soon Aerospace Engineering. - American Academy of Environmental Engineers and Scientists AAEES - American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) - American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) - American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) - American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) - Society of Women Engineers (SWE) Engineering Skills: - Project management - WBS and Gantt Chart. Entrepreneurship: - Intellectual Property - Patents Sustainability, Environment, and LCA: he goal of theLife Cycle Inventoryis to quantify the environmentalinputsandoutputs T Factors in Life Cycle Analysis: - Goal and Scope:Define the product that is to be measured (T-Shirt, CO2 Emissions) - Life Cycle Inventory:Quantify inputs and outputs; raw materials, resources, energies - Impact Assessment:Look at scientific papers and existing data to determine the impact. - Interpretation:Analyze the derived data, reflect on product emissions (is it good or bad). Life cycle of product: - Raw materials, processing, transportation, retail and use, waste nergy: measure of the ability to do work (kWh - electricity), (Joules (watt/s) - for SI system), E (BTU - Heat); Energy = Force x Distance & Power x Time Power: The rate at which energy is used (watts); Power = Energy/time Energy Returned on Energy Invested(EROEI): - ratio of the amount of usable energy acquired from a particular energy resource to the amount of energy expended to obtain that energy resource. Example: Given a process with an EROEI of 5, expending 1 unit of energy yields 5 units, for a net energy gain of 4 units. C2G = cradle to grave - P roduct design is about leverage, it is up to the engineer to use engineering judgement on what to update Designing for the environment: Difficult, Complex, Important, A great opportunity…for businesses and entrepreneurs, for scientists, engineers, for researchers Our responsibility, we are called to take care of God’s creation amenting - Prof. Han: We should start lamenting about the current situation of the climate. L Lamenting is important to feel care and value. Design to Minimize Impact on Environment: - Conserve Materials - Beware of the material composition of products - Reduce material intensity - Design for energy efficiency - Promote product stewardship - Reduce transportation of materials/products - Design for repair - Reduce waste in manufacturing processes ngineering Definition: E 3 things in a good definition of engineering: - Benefits of society - Includes problem solving to create designs - Application of math and science Written Document: - Technical report: to communicate information gained through a process of technical or experimental work. - Abstract: not an intro; you should summarize your entire report including your results. - G raphics in a report: Should be labelled properly, and easy to understand. Should be labelled as figure along with a number. Advising: - Professional meeting Required meeting to consult with your Academic Advisor about: - Your career objectives (think WCS) - Classes you want to take next semester (and later) - Career/vocational questions(think WCS) Professionalism: The expectations of an engineering student at Calvin University include: - Personal Responsibility for Success - Class Attendance Professional Homework Presentation - Meeting Due Dates - Academic Integrity - Collaboration and Professional Communication - Stewardship of Facilities - Advising Participation - Appropriate Use of Computing Resources
