FACC 100 Self-Evaluation & Course Improvement

**Self-Evaluation of Team's Performance** Our team worked well together, leveraging individual strengths to achieve our project goals. Tasks were divided effectively, and communication was open, which helped resolve challenges like scheduling conflicts. While we managed to complete our work on time...

**Self-Evaluation of Team's Performance** Our team worked well together, leveraging individual strengths to achieve our project goals. Tasks were divided effectively, and communication was open, which helped resolve challenges like scheduling conflicts. While we managed to complete our work on time, more frequent progress check-ins could have improved accountability and reduced last-minute stress. Overall, I am satisfied with our performance and proud of the effort we put into delivering a cohesive final project. **Feedback for Course Improvement** The course was exceptionally well-organized, with clear deadlines, relevant examples, and ample resources, which greatly supported our learning experience. One suggestion for further enhancement could be incorporating a class where students switch groups for an activity. This would allow us to interact with more peers, gain diverse perspectives, and foster a broader exchange of ideas. Thank you for such a well-executed course! A person and person riding bicycles Description automatically generated 13 classes: -note that I will only ask you questions from the videos on topics that were also discussed in class, typically related to the response questions \- Most of the questions are taken directly from the lecture notes. Pay particular attention to the lecture on ethics and the last few lectures (on engineering design and management). For example, make sure you are familiar with the 4 classical ethical theories (Mill's Utilitarianism, Kant's formalism, Locke's rights ethics, Aristotle's virtue ethics) and the 3 standards of responsibility in engineering (malpractice model, reasonable care model, good works model) and how to apply them. Review the basic ideas related to engineering design and management and be familiar with the tools discussed, including the Pugh matrix, Gantt chart, PERT chart, and so on. \- The rest of the questions are related to the readings and videos and are similar to the response-type questions you saw in class (or exactly the same!), and typically focus on questions related to some basic idea in engineering science or design or an example of an engineering disaster -- for example, a question related to how the Burj al Arab hotel is supported (from the Richard Hammond video), or what is the biological inspiration for the slipperiest substance known (from the video on the Millau bridge), or how the properties of steel change when you add carbon (from the video on the Samurai Sword) would be the type of questions to expect. **Class 1: Introduction to Engineering** - **Slide 42**: What is the origin of the word \'engineer\'? - **Options:** 1. Ingeniare 2. Ingenium 3. Ingeneria 4. Engineering - **Correct Answer:** Ingeniare - **Slide 48**: Where can an engineering degree take you? - **Options:** 5. Industry 6. Government 7. Academia 8. All of the above - **Correct Answer:** All of the above - **Slide 50**: Which branch of engineering has the most members in Canada? - **Options:** 9. Civil 10. Mechanical 11. Electrical 12. Computer - **Correct Answer:** Civil **Class 2: Engineering Challenges and Team Building** - **Slide 6**: The shape of the Burj Al Arab is inspired by what? - **Options:** 1. The sail of a Caravel 2. The sail of a Dhow 3. A leaf 4. Architectural fancy - **Correct Answer:** The sail of a Dhow - **Slide 8**: The Burj Al Arab hotel is built on a sand island. What keeps it stable? - **Options:** 5. Support rods go down to bedrock 6. A gyroscopic stabilizer system is used 7. Large steel masses under the sand stabilize the motion 8. Skin friction between the support rods and the sand - **Correct Answer:** Skin friction between the support rods and the sand - **Slide 10**: What causes friction? - **Options:** 9. Jamming of microstructural surface roughness 10. Intermolecular attraction 11. Localized plastic deformation 12. All of the above - **Correct Answer:** All of the above - **Slide 12**: The Dolosse used to protect harbors work in part by dissipating wave energy within pores formed by their interlocking construction. What else is key to their success compared to other constructions? - **Options:** 13. Heavy steel reinforcement 14. Resistance to pulverization 15. The wedge shapes of the legs increase the degree of interlocking under wave action 16. Impermeability - **Correct Answer:** The wedge shapes of the legs increase the degree of interlocking under wave action - **Slide 14**: How did the engineers overcome issues of differential thermal expansion in the steel trussing of the hotel? - **Options:** 17. Blowtorches to heat everything evenly 18. Eccentric, "cam," joints 19. Cut the tubing in-situ 20. Assemble at night when things are cool - **Correct Answer:** Eccentric, "cam," joints - **Slide 15**: In the Burj Al Arab hotel, the water fountains use laminar flow. What is roughly the maximum speed of the water jets? - **Options:** 21. 2 cm/s 22. 20 cm/s 23. 2 m/s 24. 20 m/s - **Correct Answer:** 20 cm/s **Class 3: Engineering Professional Values** - **Slide 13**: Which part(s) of the shuttle was not re-usable? - **Options:** 1. Orbiter 2. Orbiter engines 3. The Solid Rocket Boosters (SRBs) 4. The liquid hydrogen/liquid oxygen fuel tank - **Correct Answer:** The liquid hydrogen/liquid oxygen fuel tank - **Slide 16**: How do submarine anechoic tiles work? - **Options:** 5. Rubber is really good at absorbing sound 6. Air voids in the material change the resonant frequency of the tiles and absorb energy 7. The tiles create water turbulence, disrupting sound waves 8. The shape makes the submarine hull irregular, reducing sound reflection - **Correct Answer:** Air voids in the material change the resonant frequency of the tiles and absorb energy - **Slide 19**: How do water droplets attenuate shock waves generated during the shuttle launch? - **Options:** 9. The droplets compress and resonate from the shock, absorbing energy 10. The droplets are accelerated and shattered by the flow behind the shock 11. The shock wave heats the droplets, causing them to evaporate, absorbing energy 12. None of the above **Correct Answer:** The droplets are accelerated and shattered by the flow behind the shock - **Slide 19**: Hammond claims the blunt orbiter nose deflects air around the wings, but even re-entry vehicles without wings are blunt. Why? - **Options:** 13. A pointy nose would take up too much space. 14. More surface area to absorb heat. 15. The extra drag is needed to slow down the vehicle 16. The shock/heated layer is pushed away from the vehicle and the air acts as insulation. **Correct Answer:** The shock/heated layer is pushed away from the vehicle and the air acts as insulation. - **Slide 24**: What are the ridges inside the orbiter engines for? - **Options:** 17. They cover tubes that carry fuel, acting as coolant 18. They increase the strength of the nozzle 19. They straighten the flow in the nozzle 20. They reduce vibrations - **Correct Answer:** They cover tubes that carry fuel, acting as coolant - **Slide 27**: What material is added to the solid propellant in the Solid Rocket Boosters (SRBs) to increase combustion temperature and booster thrust? - **Options:** 21. Ammonium perchlorate 22. Ammonium nitrate 23. Aluminum 24. Iron oxide - **Correct Answer:** Aluminum - **Slide 59**: Which of the following best exemplifies a socially responsible practice? - **Options:** 25. Informing the employer of the risks to the public at the expense of being unpopular 26. Personally documenting concerns vis-à-vis the public in case of problems 27. Keeping problems to oneself as social responsibility is a concern of the client 28. None of the above - **Correct Answer:** Informing the employer of the risks to the public at the expense of being unpopular **Class 4: Philosophy and Principles of Ethics (read the last slides)** - **Slide 49**: Of the 4 ethical theories, which is most commonly used by engineers? - **Options:** 1. Mill's utilitarianism 2. Kant's duty ethics 3. Locke's rights ethics 4. Aristotle's virtue ethics - **Correct Answer:** Mill's utilitarianism - **Slide 51**: According to which of the 4 ethical theories should one select the golden mean between two extremes? - **Options:** 5. Mill's utilitarianism 6. Kant's duty ethics 7. Locke's rights ethics 8. Aristotle's virtue ethics - **Correct Answer:** Aristotle's virtue ethics - **Slide 53**: For which of the 4 ethical theories are good intentions considered more important than results or consequences? - **Options:** 9. Mill's utilitarianism 10. Kant's duty ethics 11. Locke's rights ethics 12. Aristotle's virtue ethics - **Correct Answer:** Kant's duty ethics A graph with a blue cylinder and a blue cylinder Description automatically generatedA graph of a person and person Description automatically generated with medium confidenceA graph of a bar with text Description automatically generated with medium confidence **Class 5: Internships and EDI Issues in Professional Practice** 1. **Slide 32**: What are some of the benefits of increasing diversity within the engineering workplace? - **Options:** 1. Promotes innovation and creativity. 2. Broadens the talent pool. 3. Increases productivity and financial performance. 4. All of the above. - **Correct Answer:** All of the above. 2. **Slide 34**: What are some of the challenges of increasing diversity within the engineering workplace? - **Options:** 5. Resistance to change. 6. Unconscious bias. 7. Communication barriers. 8. All of the above. - **Correct Answer:** All of the above. 3. **Slide 35**: What percentage of licensed engineers in Quebec are female? - **Options:** 9. 10% 10. 16% 11. 23% 12. 33% - **Correct Answer:** 16%. 4. **Slide 35**: What percentage of engineering students at McGill are female? - **Options:** 13. 16% 14. 23% 15. 33% 16. 40% - **Correct Answer:** 33%. 5. **Slide 37**: Equality is the same as equity. - **Options:** 17. True. 18. False. - **Correct Answer:** False. 6. **Slide 38**: Which of the following defines \"social capital\"? - **Options:** 19. Access to resources based on group membership, relationships, and networks of influence/support. 20. Education, skills, and knowledge used to benefit oneself. 21. Patterns of behavior and policies that disadvantage marginalized groups. 22. None of the above. - **Correct Answer:** Access to resources based on group membership, relationships, and networks of influence/support. 7. **Slide 38**: Which of the following defines \"cultural capital\"? - **Options:** 23. Access to resources based on group membership, relationships, and networks of influence/support. 24. Education, skills, and knowledge used to benefit oneself. 25. Patterns of behavior and policies that disadvantage marginalized groups. 26. None of the above. - **Correct Answer:** Education, skills, and knowledge used to benefit oneself. 8. **Slide 38**: What are systemic barriers? - **Options:** 27. Intentional actions by organizations to disadvantage certain groups. 28. Patterns of behavior, policies, or practices that perpetuate disadvantage for marginalized groups. 29. Social norms that do not align with equity values. 30. None of the above. - **Correct Answer:** Patterns of behavior, policies, or practices that perpetuate disadvantage for marginalized groups. **Class 6: Engineers and Society** 1. **Slide 5**: Which of the following has an engineering degree? - **Options:** 1. Tom Scholz, lead guitarist for Boston. 2. Joé Juneau, former NHL hockey player from Quebec. 3. Dolph Lundgren, Swedish actor (e.g., Rocky IV). 4. Rowan Atkinson, aka Mr. Bean. 5. All of the above. - **Correct Answer:** All of the above. 2. **Slide 46**: What prevents oil platforms from sinking? - **Options:** 6. Supported by the ocean floor on trusses, jacks, or pillars. 7. They have boat hulls. 8. Use large submersible pontoons or a massive steel cylinder that is positively buoyant. 9. All of the above, depending on drilling depth and sea state requirements. - **Correct Answer:** All of the above, depending on drilling depth and sea state requirements. 3. **Slide 51**: What caused the initial accident on April 20, 2010? - **Options:** 10. Fire from smoking on the job. 11. Combustible gas seeped through the well up to the drilling platform and exploded, causing fire. 12. Heavy sea state beyond what the platform was designed for cracked the riser pipe. 13. Blowout preventer failed, causing oil to spill on the platform and subsequently ignite. - **Correct Answer:** Combustible gas seeped through the well up to the drilling platform and exploded, causing fire. 4. **Slide 54**: Why did the blowout preventer (BOP) fail to seal the riser pipe? - **Options:** 14. Complete hydraulic failure prevented actuation. 15. Controls were completely unresponsive. 16. Pressure in the pipe exceeded design criteria. 17. A length of drill string got into the BOP, jamming the shears. - **Correct Answer:** A length of drill string got into the BOP, jamming the shears. 5. **Slide 56**: What was the main difficulty in killing the well? - **Options:** 18. The high flow rate of the oil. 19. The depth of the well. 20. The heat of the oil. 21. The composition of the oil. - **Correct Answer:** The high flow rate of the oil. 6. **Slide 58**: Why were conventional or nuclear explosives not used despite a solid probability of success? - **Options:** 22. America did not want to accept the Russian/FSU method. 23. American nuclear bomb technology was not up to the task. 24. Failure of explosives would leave no other possibility of stopping the spill. 25. Public perception and fear of atomic weapons. **Correct Answer:** Failure of explosives would leave no other possibility of stopping the spill. 7. **Slide 60**: What was the most essential piece of technology in resolving the crisis? - **Options:** 26. Wireless communications. 27. Computational modeling. 28. High explosives. 29. ROVs (Remote Operated Vehicles). - **Correct Answer:** ROVs (Remote Operated Vehicles). 8. **Slide 62**: Why did the cofferdam fail? - **Options:** 30. Ice and hydrates clogged the coffer. 31. The oil flow rate was too high. 32. It did not reach the source of the oil. 33. It created too much pressure at the wellhead. - **Correct Answer:** Ice and hydrates clogged the coffer. 9. **Slide 64**: Which of the following techniques involved pumping household junk and drilling mud into the blowout preventer? - **Options:** 34. Top kill. 35. Dispersants. 36. Top hat. 37. Capping stack. - **Correct Answer:** Top kill. 10. **Slide 66**: What is the critical property(s) of the junk used in a top kill? - **Options:** 38. High corrosion resistance. 39. Very high density. 40. High toughness. 41. A mixture of very soft/compliant materials and hard materials. - **Correct Answer:** A mixture of very soft/compliant materials and hard materials. 11. **Slide 68**: Why did top-kill fail? - **Options:** 42. The pressure was too high and kept blowing out the junk and drilling mud mixture. 43. Insufficient material flow into the well. 44. Not enough funds to buy enough drilling mud. 45. Drilling mud froze solid from hydrate formation. - **Correct Answer:** The pressure was too high and kept blowing out the junk and drilling mud mixture. 12. **Slide 70**: What was the worst-case scenario during the Deepwater Horizon disaster? - **Options:** 46. Complete integrity failure of the well leading to leaking from the seabed floor. 47. Massive explosion that sunk disaster response vessels on the surface. 48. Firestorm if the surface oil slick ignited. 49. Mass civil unrest. - **Correct Answer:** Complete integrity failure of the well leading to leaking from the seabed floor. 13. **Slide 76**: Should offshore drilling continue? - **Options:** 50. Yes, it is still quite safe. 51. Yes, but with more stringent safety measures. 52. Only in shallow, fair-weathered waters. 53. No, it's not worth the risk. - **Correct Answer:** Yes, but with more stringent safety measures. 14. Who was mostly responsible : BP **Class 7: Environmental Issues and Engineering Sustainability** 1. **Slide 5**: What main engine feature allows an F1 car to have high performance with such a small engine? - **Options:** 1. Very high engine revolutions (RPM) 2. Higher cylinder count 3. Use of a turbine 4. Super-fuel - **Correct Answer:** Very high engine revolutions (RPM)A diagram of a diagram of a building Description automatically generatedA graph of a number of people Description automatically generated with medium confidence A graph of a number of columns Description automatically generated with medium confidence 2. **Slide 12**: What percentage of ecosystem services that support life on Earth are being degraded or used unsustainably? - **Options:** 5. 20% 6. 35% 7. 60% 8. 80% - **Correct Answer:** 60% 3. **Slide 27**: Which hypothesis about the environmentalist\'s paradox is the most convincing? - **Options:** 9. Human well-being is not actually on the rise. 10. Human well-being depends more on food production than anything else. 11. Technology has made us less dependent on ecosystems. 12. The trouble is inevitable; it just hasn't caught up with us yet. - **Correct Answer:** Technology has made us less dependent on ecosystems. **Class 8: Overview of Engineering Disciplines (Civil, Chem, Bioengineering)** 1. **Slide 6**: Which of the following are/were Civil Engineers? - **Options:** 1. Yasser Arafat 2. Boris Yeltsin 3. Gustave Eiffel 4. Dick Fosbury 5. All of the above 6. None of the above - **Correct Answer:** All of the aboveA close-up of a plant Description automatically generatedA graph with a wooden building and a group of people Description automatically generatedA graph with text and numbers Description automatically generated with medium confidenceA graph of a bridge Description automatically generated 2. **Slide 10**: Why was the Millau Bridge made? - **Options:** 7. Just for the challenge 8. Better emergency response 9. Reducing tourist traffic jams in Millau 10. National pride - **Correct Answer:** Reducing tourist traffic jams in Millau 3. **Slide 14**: What is the world's most common building material? - **Options:** 11. Wood 12. Steel 13. Concrete 14. Glass - **Correct Answer:** Concrete -  - A graph of different colored columns Description automatically generated with medium confidence **Class 9: Overview of Engineering Disciplines (MIME, MECH, ECE)** 1. **Slide 31**: As the amount of carbon in steel is increased, the steel becomes: - **Options:** 1. Tougher and more flexible 2. Harder and more brittle - **Correct Answer:** Harder and more brittle 2. **Slide 44**: Which U.S. president worked as a mining engineer in Australia? - **Options:** 3. Theodore Roosevelt 4. Herbert Hoover 5. Jimmy Carter - **Correct Answer:** Herbert Hoover 3. **Slide 51**: What is the fastest conventional train in the world? - **Options:** 6. Shinkansen (Japan) 7. TGV (France) 8. Harmony CRH 380BL (China) - **Correct Answer:** TGV  **Slide 33**: How is the curve in the Samurai blade formed? - **Options:** 1. During the forging process by the blacksmith. 2. By the sword polisher. 3. By quenching a hot sword. - **Correct Answer:** By quenching a hot sword.  **Slide 34**: Despite the fame of the Katana, it was largely relegated to a secondary weapon by the Samurai during the Sengoku Jidai (1467--1603). What was most commonly used? - **Options:** 1. The mace (Kanabo). 2. Flails (Chigiriki, Kusarigama). 3. Polearms (Naginata, Yari). 4. Matchlock Bayonets. - **Correct Answer:** Polearms (Naginata, Yari).  **Slide 58**: Who studied Mechanical Engineering at Cornell? - **Options:** 1. Leonard Nimoy (Star Trek). 2. Bill Nye the Science Guy. 3. Grant Imahara (Mythbusters). 4. Jamie Hyneman (Mythbusters). - **Correct Answer:** Bill Nye the Science Guy.  **Slide 74**: Who has an Electrical Engineering degree? - **Options:** 1. Leonard Nimoy (Star Trek). 2. James Doohan ("Scotty," Star Trek). 3. Grant Imahara (Mythbusters). 4. Jamie Hyneman (Mythbusters). - **Correct Answer:** Grant Imahara (Mythbusters). A graph of a blue and white column Description automatically generated with medium confidence **Class 10: Risk Management** 1. **Slide 5**: From which university did Malcolm Gladwell graduate? - **Options:** 1. McGill 2. University of Toronto 3. UBC 4. Queen's - **Correct Answer:** University of Toronto 2. **Slide 40**: Which activity increases mortality risk by one in one million (1 micromort)? - **Options:** 5. Spending one hour in a coal mine 6. Living 2 days in New York 7. Traveling 400 km by car 8. Flying 1700 km by plane 9. Eating 100 barbecued steaks 10. All of the above - **Correct Answer:** All of the above 3. **Slide 8**: If you have a collision while going 55 km/h, your chances of injury are highest if you are driving a: - **Options:** 11. Cadillac Escalade or Lincoln Navigator SUV. 12. Ford Windstar minivan. - **Correct Answer:** SUV 4. **Slide 12**: What modification did Chrysler make to the PT Cruiser to make it feel safer? - **Options:** 13. Additional airbags. 14. Reverse backup sensors. 15. Decreasing the size of the back window. 16. Four-wheel drive. - **Correct Answer:** Decreasing the size of the back window. 5. **Slide 14**: Why do people think they are safer in SUVs? - **Options:** 17. High driving position. 18. 4-wheel drive. 19. Vehicle size. 20. All of the above. - **Correct Answer:** All of the above. 6. **Slide 16**: By what safety metrics do SUVs fail? - **Options:** 21. Poor structural response during crashes. 22. Long braking distances. 23. Poor handling. 24. All of the above. - **Correct Answer:** All of the above. 7. **Slide 18**: What is an alternative to a winglet or wing fence? - **Options:** 25. Raking (i.e., sweeping back) the wing-tip. 26. Front Canards. 27. A second pair of wings. 28. Upwards-canted wings. - **Correct Answer:** Raking (i.e., sweeping back) the wing-tip. 8. **Slide 21**: Hammond claims GLARE (Glass Laminate Aluminum Reinforced Epoxy) is better in all respects to bulk aluminum. What is the major drawback? - **Options:** 29. Low fire resistance. 30. Thermal fatigue. 31. Higher density. 32. Low specific stiffness. - **Correct Answer:** Low specific stiffness 9. **Slide 25**: What is a more common use of a propellant/pyrotechnic as an inflator? - **Options:** 33. Vehicle airbags. 34. Hot air balloons. 35. Heart stents. 36. Tires. - **Correct Answer:** Vehicle airbags.A screenshot of a white background Description automatically generatedA graph of a diagram Description automatically generated with medium confidence - **Options:** 37. Risk that is acceptable to everyone. 38. Risk that society is willing to take in exchange for benefits. 39. Risk below 1 in a million chance. 40. Risk that cannot be mitigated. - **Correct Answer:** Risk that society is willing to take in exchange for benefits. 10. **Slide 54**: Risk management should focus on: - **Options:** 41. High likelihood-low consequence risks. 42. Medium likelihood and serious consequence risks. 43. Unlikely or rare risks with critical consequences. 44. All of the above. - **Correct Answer:** All of the above. **Class 11: Teamwork Exercise** 1. **Slide 6**: What is a "normal" accident? - **Options:** 1. Accidents that occur with great frequency. 2. Accidents caused by gross negligence. 3. Accidents caused by interactions of small-scale failures during regular operation. 4. Accidents caused by deviating from safety norms. - **Correct Answer:** Accidents caused by interactions of small-scale failures during regular operation.  **Slide 7**: What is risk homeostasis? - The tendency of people to assume more risk when safety measures are present. - The tendency for safety to improve with time and reach a stable value or stasis condition. - How people perceive things as less risky over time. - The tendency for people to take less risk as they age. 1. **Slide 7**: What is risk homeostasis? - **Options:** 1. The tendency of people to assume more risk when safety measures are present. 2. The tendency for safety to improve with time and reach a stable value or stasis condition. 3. How people perceive things as less risky over time. 4. The tendency for people to take less risk as they age. - **Correct Answer:** The tendency of people to assume more risk when safety measures are present. 2. **Slide 13**: Which of the following do you think would be the best remedy for groupthink? - **Options:** 5. The leader should avoid stating preferences/expectations at the outset. 6. One group member should be given the role of devil's advocate. 7. Outsiders should be invited to meetings to challenge the views of the members. - **Correct Answer:** Outsiders should be invited to meetings to challenge the views of the members. 3. **Slide 16**: What was the primary reason for the Challenger explosion? - **Options:** 8. A piece of insulating tile fell off the shuttle surface and damaged the wing, causing material in the wing to ignite. 9. A computer error caused the solid rocket booster to separate early, hitting the shuttle. 10. Low temperatures at launch caused the SRB O-rings to leak gases. - **Correct Answer:** Low temperatures at launch caused the SRB O-rings to leak gases. 4. **Slide 26**: What motivated NASA's decision to launch despite assessments of cold O-ring joints being risky? - **Options:** 11. A culture of taking "acceptable risks" and "normalized deviance." 12. Thiokol never objected during 40°F launches over O-ring cold weather issues, thus objection over Challenger seemed arbitrary. 13. O-rings had had problems but never caused accidents, increasing risk tolerance over O-ring issues. 14. All of the above. - **Correct Answer:** All of the above. **Class 12: Engineering Design Principles** 1. **Slide 7**: How does the zinc prevent against corrosion in the cooling system of the Sydney Opera House? - **Options:** 1. A zinc oxide coating protects the metal underneath. 2. Low voltage is applied to the zinc. 3. The zinc is oxidized preferentially. 4. The zinc provides an underseal. - **Correct Answer:** The zinc is oxidized preferentially. 2. **Slide 24**: What solution do you think would be most effective in reducing complaints about elevator wait times? - **Options:** 5. Speeding up the elevators 6. Playing music in the lobby 7. Installing mirrors in the lobby 8. Allowing vendors to set up shop in the lobby - **Correct Answer:** Installing mirrors in the lobby - **Options:** 1. It is laminated. 2. It is tempered. 3. It is annealed. 4. It is borosilicate glass. - **Correct Answer:** It is laminated - **Options:** 1. Tunnels. 2. The Sydney Opera House. 3. High-rise buildings. 4. Bridges. - **Correct Answer:** Bridges. - **Options:** 1. By making them all from the same surface. 2. By keeping the shapes the same but changing the scale. 3. By casting them. 4. By prefabricating them. - **Correct Answer:** By making them all from the same surface. - **Options:** 1. Speeding up the elevators. 2. Playing music in the lobby. 3. Installing mirrors in the lobby. 4. Allowing vendors to set up shop in the lobby. - **Correct Answer:** Installing mirrors in the lobby. - **Options:** 1. Yes. 2. No. - **Correct Answer:** yes. - **Options:** 1. Preparation, Concentration, Verification, Incubation. 2. Brainstorming, Incubation, Testing, Verification. 3. Ideation, Testing, Revision, Scaling. 4. Inspiration, Drafting, Polishing, Execution. - **Correct Answer:** Preparation, Concentration, Verification, Incubation. **Class 13: Project Management** 1. **Slide 9**: Which of these groups performs best at the Marshmallow Challenge? - **Options:** 1. Lawyers 2. Business School Students 3. CEOs 4. Recent Kindergarten Graduates - **Correct Answer:** Recent Kindergarten Graduates. 2. **Slide 23**: What is the primary mechanism behind car crash safety features? - **Options:** 5. Reducing effective accelerations induced on the body and internal organs. 6. High structural rigidity of the frame isolates passengers from forces. 7. Deflection of impacting vehicle reduces collision forces. 8. Ensures vehicle collides above the center of mass of the other vehicle. - **Correct Answer:** Reducing effective accelerations induced on the body and internal organs. 3. **Slide 25**: What is/are the primary injury mechanism(s) in car crashes? - **Options:** 9. Penetration of oncoming vehicle into passenger compartment. 10. Impact of occupants with car interior. 11. Impact of internal organs against the skeleton/other organs. 12. All of the above. - **Correct Answer:** All of the above. 4. **Slide 27**: What sort of peak accelerations do football players experience in "worst case" helmet-helmet hits? - **Options:** 13. \~10 G 14. \~1000 G 15. \~175 G 16. \~50 G - **Correct Answer:** \~175 G. 5. **Slide 29**: What is/are (a) major issue(s) with typical crash test dummies? - **Options:** 17. They do not have accurate soft tissue and joint tissue analogs. 18. They do not model internal organs. 19. Accelerometers only measure bulk acceleration of major anatomy; local loads may be much higher. 20. All of the above. - **Correct Answer:** All of the above. 6. **Slide 32**: There were two "step-changes" in the capacity of LNG tankers. What was the largest technical challenge in making the ships bigger? - **Options:** 21. Sloshing of the LNG. 22. Power plant capacity. 23. Harbor capacity. 24. Ship steering. - **Correct Answer:** Sloshing of the LNG. 7. **Slide 34**: Hammond keeps calling nitrogen gas (N2) "poisonous"; however, this isn't true at atmospheric pressure. When does nitrogen become toxic? - **Options:** 25. When underwater. 26. Under high-pressure atmospheres. 27. At high temperatures. 28. When drunk. - **Correct Answer:** Under high-pressure atmospheres. 8. **Slide 38**: In an engineering firm, who is typically responsible for project management? - **Options:** 29. Someone with a management degree. 30. The CEO. 31. An accountant. 32. A senior engineer. - **Correct Answer:** A senior engineer. 9. **Slide 49**: What is a PERT chart used for? - **Options:** 33. Prioritizing and scheduling activities. 34. Budget allocation. 35. Employee performance reviews. - **Correct Answer:** Prioritizing and scheduling activities. 10. **Slide 54**: What is the purpose of a Pugh Matrix in project design? - **Options:** 36. To rank alternatives based on defined criteria. 37. To determine financial viability. 38. To assign project roles. 39. To document project timelines. - **Correct Answer:** To rank alternatives based on defined criteria. 11. **Slide 59**: What are the \"laws of time estimation\" in project management? - **Options:** 40. Everything takes longer than expected. 41. Tasks take twice as long if done before. 42. Tasks take five times longer if somewhat similar to past tasks. 43. All of the above. - **Correct Answer:** All of the above.